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The emerging market economies, in particular, have become victim to the laundering activities which have damaged investment potentials, undermined governance, fostered crime and corruption, and decreased tax revenues. In this chapter, we construct a macrotheoretic framework to analyze money laundering in the form of tax evasion by individuals in an economy in the events of financial autarky and free trade. In other words, our theoretical model allows us to examine if movement from autarky to a state of financial integration whets the degree of financial malpractice like money laundering.

Purpose: This chapter aims to evaluate the impact of money laundering and terrorism financing on the Indian economy and to study the effectiveness of prevention of money laundering acts and terrorist financing as per the guidance of the financial protection task force.

Need for the study: Developing countries like India have been more vulnerable to terrorism and financial scams over the last four decades. Despite the establishment of regulating bodies and anti-money laundering acts, this problem continued to be a national threat. Therefore, examining the impact of money laundering and terrorism finance on the Indian economy is necessary.

Methodology: This study is based on secondary data gathered from the web portals of government agencies and international organisations dealing with money laundering and terror funding. Newspapers, journals, and annual reports are reviewed to identify the modus operandi of money laundering operators and their impact on the economy.

Findings: Money laundering and terrorism financing significantly threaten the Indian economy and national security. Despite different anti-money laundering laws and multiple regulating authorities, the system has pitfalls that allow economic fraud and money transactions for terrorist activities. There is a need for cyber security, and integrated enforcement agencies to combat money laundering at national and international levels.

Practical implications: This study would be helpful for academicians and policymakers to understand the nexus of money laundering and terrorism financing and its impacts on the Indian economy.

This study aims to determine how integrity influences money laundering combatting.

A qualitative approach using methodological triangulation was used to answer the question to describe and understand the phenomena from the participants’ perspective. Data was gathered with a semi-structured questionnaire, observation and field notes.

Analysis revealed that 93% of law enforcement investigators believe integrity is required to combat money laundering. They also observed that integrity is needed for the political environment, institutions and their personnel or officers.

There is a need for integrity in the economy’s public and private sectors to combat money laundering effectively. Integrity must be present in the political environment, institutions and personnel. Hence, a recommendation is to appoint chief integrity officers in all stakeholder organisations.

This study is among the few research that covers the area of integrity and its influence on combatting money laundering from law enforcement investigators’ perspective.

To call for the legislature to pay more attention to the professional laundering and to improve the capability to attack money laundering.

By describing the phenomena that money laundering crimes nowadays often involves lawyers, notaries and accounts, to analyze the necessity and rationale of bringing these professionals under the obligations of anti‐money laundering, and to present a reasonable solution to the contradiction between professional privilege and anti‐money laundering obligations.

In order to keep a balance between the fight against money laundering and the protection of professional privilege, we should make a difference among the professional activities: when professional activities are linked judicial proceedings or in the course of ascertaining the legal position of clients, they would be exempted from the obligation of anti‐money laundering; when they perform financial or company law activities, they should assume anti‐money laundering obligations.

This paper presents a reasonable solution to the contradiction between professional privilege and anti‐money laundering obligations, which would be beneficial to the legislature.

The purpose of this paper is to make objective comments on China's comprehensive measures on combating money laundering and terrorism financing, and to put forward some recommendations for improvement.

This paper based on the financial action task force (FATF) evaluation report, describes the fight against money laundering and terrorism financing in China, analyses the gap still remaining between China and the international standards, and points out the future efforts to be made.

China has made significant progress in implementing anti‐money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism measures in the last decades, gaps however are still remained. The future efforts to be made are as follows: criminal legislation and administrative measures should be improved or supplemented; human resources and institutional resources should be supported and international cooperation should be further strengthened.

This paper presents a comprehensive description of, and comments on, the efforts on China's anti‐money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism, which would be beneficial to policy makers and relevant administrators.

This paper aims to study the role of money laundering in the system of modern crime.

The methodology of this research will include the study of quite obvious relationships, which in themselves do not need special substantiation today, namely, money laundering and terrorism; money laundering and corruption; money laundering and organized crime.

The following methods are used in the research process: studying the sentences of the courts of the Russian Federation related to the conviction of persons for money laundering; analysis of national judicial statistics and statistics of international organizations related to money laundering; a survey of 96 experts (law enforcement officers, scientists specializing in the study of combating money laundering, government officials whose powers include activities to combat money laundering and the financing of terrorism).

Based on the results of the study, a number of conclusions were made. In particular, at present, in view of the built-up effective system of measures to control the income received as a result of certain types of criminal activity (corruption crime, organized crime, economic crime), money laundering has taken a leading role in the structure of modern crime.

This paper aims to explore the obstacles that the ethical guidelines of legal professionals pose in the implementation of an effective anti-money laundering regime, established in the law on anti-money laundering in Indonesia. Some compliance schemes have been developed to integrate the participation of gatekeepers in anti-money laundering efforts, but the solution to mitigate the challenges must be implemented through the participation of the legal profession.

The study uses a qualitative research methodology, including a triangulation of interviews with relevant experts, literature review and analysis of regulations. A deductive approach is employed to analyse the data.

The legal profession’s ethical regulations and laws were considered to be the cause for the Indonesian Government’s inability to implement the anti-money laundering regime. The findings show two practical solutions that could be implemented: A government policy for the amendment of the anti-money laundering law and organizational policy to increase support for the anti-money laundering regime; and active participation of legal professionals in an effective anti-money laundering regime in Indonesia.

This study provides insight into the participation of the legal profession in anti-money laundering efforts.

The purpose of this paper is to show that an evolutionary approach to combat money laundering can shed new lights on this matter.

An evolutionary game between financial institutions and employees is assumed in which the decisions of the banks and employees to cope against money laundering endogenously is evaluated. The players are allowed to review their strategies in each period of time comparing their payoffs with the average payoff.

The paper shows that the efficiency of anti‐money laundering combat relies on the conjugation of factors such as a proper design of the anti‐money laundering regulation and an endogenous willingness of banks and workers to cope against this war. On one hand, that the number of banks willing to fight money laundering affects the number of employees who also fight against money laundering. On the other hand, the number of banks that decide to cope against money laundering is also affected by number of employees that are prepared or willing to fight it. Of course, these decisions are affected by the design of optimal regulatory system made by the government which may reflect its commitment to combat money laundering.

The efficiency of the anti‐money laundering regulation may be subject to endogenous characteristics of countries that range from the regulatory design to the willingness of banks and employees to cope against money laundering.

This is a theoretical result that shows that an efficient combat to money laundering depends on the joint effort of competent authorities, banks, and employees.

To the best of the author's knowledge, the paper is the first attempt to approach money laundering combat by using an evolutionary game theory approach, which allows it to focus on the endogenous aspect of the anti‐money laundering fight.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the merits and disadvantages of the law of the People's Republic of China on anti‐money laundering.

The paper describes the main contents contained in the newly adopted law of the People's Republic of China on anti‐money laundering, celebrates the enactment of the law and points out the gap still remaining between Chinese legislation and international standards.

The enactment of the law of the People's Republic of China on anti‐money laundering is of vital significance. Based on the international experience in the fight against money laundering, Chinese anti‐money‐laundering legislation has made considerable progress. Its shortcomings, however, are also evident.

This paper presents a comprehensive description of, and comments on, the law of the People's Republic of China, which would be beneficial to the legislature.

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the existing legal basis, and its practical application, of an arbitrator’s competence to raise on her own initiative money laundering issues.

The research focusses on presenting the essence of the problem through evaluation of the legal basis for the arbitrators to raise money laundering concerns on their own initiative and the examples of so being done in international commercial arbitration.

This paper concludes that arbitrators do not presently have a solid legal basis that authorises them to act sua sponte against money laundering.

The originality and value of this paper lies in its emphasis on theoretical and practical issues related to money laundering in international commercial arbitration. It argues in favour of an explicit recommendation to be incorporated in the 2012 Recommendations of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) that international commercial arbitrators address money laundering on their own initiative.