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Since monetary policy has great economic impacts, before the policy implementation, careful simulation combined with real economy movement condition can predict the policy implementation effect and reduce the cost of monetary policy implementation effectively. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

This paper selects the large commercial banks in China as the research objects, takes commercial bank capital adequacy requirement as the threshold constraint on the traditional monetary policy transmission path, and simulates the implementation effects of policy combination by applying computer technology.

It shows that the threshold effect of capital restriction policy will affect the transmission path of monetary policy, suppress the collective irrational behavior caused by the profit maximization behavior of commercial banks, and control the excessive fluctuation of macro economy.

If using capital adequacy constraints threshold function scientifically and appropriately, the paper can effectively eliminate the negative effect of short-term traditional monetary policy transmission mechanism, control the macroeconomic overall risk within a predetermined range, and realize the goal of monetary policy with low cost.

Based on the theory of credit rationing from Stigliz and Weiss, combining threshold factors of capital restraint policy with the traditional monetary policy transmission path, this paper examines that the policy combination may lead to the implementation effect. The method of simulation used in this paper has not been found in other literatures, and the results have strong implications to set up a reasonable and scientific macro-prudential banking regulation framework.

Fiscal and monetary policies are essential to the development of a capital market. In this chapter, authors present how fiscal and monetary policy in Poland evolved and adjusted to economic challenges in 1998–2022. It is worth noticing that the Polish economy and financial market have been built from scratch after 45 years of socialism. Hence, it is scientifically interesting to study the relationship between fiscal and monetary policy, and capital market in a developing country, and in a relatively young economy.

Both – the macroeconomic policy mix and development of the capital market – are the subject of analysis how fiscal and monetary policy impacted the capital market. As so the main aim of the chapter is the assessment of the nexus and dependencies between fiscal and monetary policy and the capital market.

In the chapter, multiple linear regression was used for each dependent variable to discover which monetary and fiscal policy parameters significantly predicted selected variables describing the development of the capital market in Poland. Fiscal and monetary policy variables served as descriptors explaining capital market parameters in seven separate models.

Multiple regression models explain 77.3%–95.4% of the volatility of the capital market characteristics. The level of the central bank's reference rate is a variable that influences the capital market the most. In six out of seven models, the interest rate was a significant parameter. The development of the capital market was accompanied by a higher tax-to-GDP ratio. At the same time, a strong negative impact of the tax-to-GDP increase was noticed in domestic institutional investors' stock trading.

By reinforcing monetary policy independence, reducing international financing pressures and avoiding high-risk takings, capital controls strengthen the stability of the financial system and then reduce the volatility of capital inflows. The objective of this study was to conduct an empirical examination of this hypothesis. This topic has received strong support in the theoretical literature; however, empirical work has been quite limited, with few empirical studies that provide direct empirical support to this hypothesis.

This study analyzed quarterly data of 32 emerging economies over the period between 2000 and 2015 and proposes two methods to identify capital control actions. Using panel analysis, Autoregressive Distributed Lag and local projections approaches.

This study found that tighter capital controls may diminish monetary and exchange rate shocks and reduce capital inflows volatility. Furthermore, capital controls respond counter-cyclically to monetary shocks. Under capital controls, countries with floating exchange rate regimes have more potential to buffer monetary shocks. We also found that capital controls on inflows are more effective for reducing the volatility of capital inflows compared to capital controls on outflows.

This study contributes to the question of the effectiveness of capital controls in attenuating the effects of international shocks and reducing the volatility of capital flows. Previous studies have mostly focused on the role of macroprudential regulation; however, there is a lack of systematic effects of capital controls on monetary and exchange rate policies. To our knowledge, this is the first preliminary study to suggest that capital controls may buffer monetary and exchange rate shocks and reduce the volatility of capital inflows. This study investigates the novel notion that capital controls allow for a notable counter-cyclical response of monetary and exchange rate policies to international financial shocks.

With the rapid development of paid online social question and answer (Q&A) communities, monetary social functions have been introduced and have potential benefits for both platforms and users. However, these functions' impact on knowledge contribution remains uncertain. This study proposes a conceptual model based on the stimulus–organism–response framework, according to which monetary and non-monetary social functions can help nurture short-term and long-term relationships among community users, and thereafter improves social identity and knowledge-sharing intentions.

This study selects Zhihu, a famous online social Q&A community in China, and conducts an online survey to collect data from its frequent users. A sample of 286 valid questionnaires was collected to test our research model by using a structural equation modeling method. In addition, a bootstrapping approach is used to test the mediation effect.

Results indicate that monetary social functions help nurture short-term and long-term relationships among community users. However, non-monetary social functions only affect short-term relationships directly. Short-term and long-term relationships both have a positive relationship with social identity and thereafter improve users' knowledge-sharing intentions.

This study focuses on users' knowledge-sharing intentions in Q&A communities from the perspective of social. Specifically, we separated social functions in Q&A platforms into monetary and non-monetary ones and explored their impact on the development of short-term and long-term relationships. Results demonstrate the importance of monetary social functions and explain how monetary and non-monetary social functions affect users' knowledge-sharing intentions in different approaches.

The purpose of this paper is to derive the real implications of inflation targeting using optimizing models characterized by endogenous time preference.

To ensure consistent consumption and savings behavior, the rate of time preference is modeled as an increasing function of real wealth.

The results are not uniform and depend on the methods for modeling money in the general equilibrium framework; money in the utility function (MIU) and cash‐in‐advance constraints (CIA). With MIU, time preference wealth effects link the monetary and real sectors by endogenizing real interest rate. Monetary growth raises steady state capital and consumption by the Tobin effect. However, if money is introduced through CIA constraints, inflation policies are sensitive to the structure of the constraint itself. If the constraint applies to consumption and capital purchases, monetary growth lowers the steady state demand for both commodities and reverses the Tobin effect. If the constraint applies only to consumption goods, the same monetary policy is superneutral. This time preference specification has important advantages. It is consistent with the literature that integrates reinforcing wealth effects into aggregative models using ad‐hoc consumption or savings functions. Allowing the rate of time preference to depend positively on real wealth implies that optimizing behavior, not ad‐hoc specification yields wealth effects that endogenize the real interest rate and generate a Tobin effect. This time preference specification provides optimizing foundations for modeling savings as a decreasing function of real wealth, which is empirically verifiable and consistent with empirical predictions of consumption as an increasing function of real wealth.

This paper demonstrates the different effects that monetary policy maintains on steady state capital, consumption and real balance holdings in economies characterized by an endogenous rate of time preference.

The paper aims to address how firms make strategic adjustment to the changing resource availability in different monetary policy conditions and how the stickiness of cost influences the strategic adjustment, and to dig out the major internal and industrial factors that influence the relationship between strategic change and monetary policy conditions.

The mechanism of how monetary policy affects strategic change is expounded by resource-based view and transaction cost theory. The balanced panel data of 422 companies of manufacturing industry listed in Chinese A share market before the end of 2003 from 2004-2013 are selected as sample to test the theoretic hypotheses.

It was found that looser monetary policy results in greater strategic change than the tighter one for the high adjustment cost. External capital dependence and industrial competition intensity strengthen the positive correlation between monetary policy condition and strategic change. Private firms are more susceptible to money supply condition change compared with state-owned enterprises. Companies tend to expand investment on fixed asset but to shrink investment on R & D and trademark in looser money supply condition.

Companies make bigger strategic adjustment in looser monetary policy condition for the greater availability of financial resources and lower market risk, but smaller adjustment in the tight one. However, owing to the sunk cost and the high adjustment cost, companies are not suggested to make aggressive strategic adjustment in the loose monetary conditions so as to avoid overcapacity and financial risk in tight monetary policy condition. For the policy-maker, as loose monetary policy cannot stimulate innovation but boost expansion on capacity, it is better to strengthen the resources configuration mechanism of monetary policy when making monetary policy.

This paper fulfils a theoretic gap to study the mechanism of how monetary policy influence corporate strategic resource reconfiguration via affecting the resource base of a company by combining resource-based view and transaction cost theory.