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The concepts of well‐being and participation are prevalent in current regeneration policy, being seen as crucial to alleviating disadvantage and marginalisation in deprived communities. However little is understood about how such ambiguous concepts are articulated within urban regeneration practice. This paper seeks to present a reflective case study of research in a New Deal for Communities (NDC) area designed to understand different conceptualisations of well‐being and participation in community places and regeneration practices.

The perspectives of regeneration professionals, local residents and academics were revealed through the development of a multi‐method and participatory research approach using interviews, observations, video diaries and workshops. An action oriented event aimed at developing overlapping communities of practice was held to engage in active dialogue and develop shared understandings between the resident, professional and academic communities.

Conceptualisations of well‐being and participation articulated through regeneration policy and practice between the different stakeholder groups are contradictory. The absence of a shared vision for regeneration and differing expectations of participation can have detrimental effects on both the well‐being of local residents and the sustainability of the long‐term participation of local residents in the regeneration process. This challenges the recent government approach to creating a Big Society which is underpinned by devolved decision making and the desire for local leadership through realising the potential of communities.

The research has helped to create new relationships between residents and professionals organised around joint working and changed practice.

In this chapter the contingent valuation method is used to estimate the yearly value to an average farmer in Sri Lanka of avoiding direct exposure to pesticides and the resulting illnesses. The costs are shown to be high. The pesticide cost scenarios calculated from the contingent valuation bids for the entire country show that the costs run into millions of Sri Lankan rupees each year. The last section of the paper identifies the factors that influence the willingness to pay (WTP) to avoid direct exposure to pesticides and the resulting illnesses. The health policy implications stemming from the regression analysis are also discussed.