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Article
Publication date: 28 August 2020

H. Girish and Raghuvir Pai

The purpose of this paper is to theoretically analyze an innovative form of variable bearing configuration having four pads with unique adjustability principle operated under…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to theoretically analyze an innovative form of variable bearing configuration having four pads with unique adjustability principle operated under journal misaligned conditions. The parameters such as load positions, degrees of misalignment (DM) and pad adjustment configurations influencing the steady-state performance of the four-pad adjustable bearing are detailed in this paper.

Design/methodology/approach

The proposed adjustable pad geometry possesses the ability to undergo radial and tilt motions in both inward and outward directions. Analysis is carried out by considering journal misalignment in vertical and horizontal planes with bearing modelled for load-on-pad and load-between-pad configurations. The film thickness equation derived to incorporate the radial and tilt adjustment parameters is further modified to accommodate the different load orientations and misaligned journal conditions. The pressure field equation is solved by applying finite-difference technique combined with Gauss Siedel iterative method.

Findings

At higher DM, peak pressures generated in the minimum film thickness region near the pad ends highly influences the bearing load carrying capacity. Results indicated that the adjustable four-pad bearing geometry is highly efficient in withstanding the journal misalignment by radially displacing and tilting the four pads in negative directions.

Originality/value

For bearing designers, this research highlights the importance of considering the misalignment factor during the design stages of an adjustable journal bearing. The proposed adjustability concept is proven to be effective enough to improve the bearing performance and, in turn, withstand the journal misalignment.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 38 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 17 June 2022

Biao Li, Jun Sun, Hu Wang and Xiao Zhang

Under the action of many factors, the shaft of the shaft-journal bearing system inevitably moves along the axis direction at work, which will lead to the axial movement of journal

Abstract

Purpose

Under the action of many factors, the shaft of the shaft-journal bearing system inevitably moves along the axis direction at work, which will lead to the axial movement of journal in the bearing. However, at present, only the dynamic and squeezing effects caused by the relative rotation and squeezing motion between the journal and the bearing surfaces are considered in the lubrication analysis of misaligned journal bearing and the axial movement of journal in the actual use of bearing is not considered. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the lubrication of journal bearing considering the axial movement of journal.

Design/methodology/approach

Taking the shaft-journal bearing system as the research object, a hydrodynamic lubrication model of journal bearing is established considering the axial movement and misalignment of journal. The finite difference method is used to solve the Reynolds equation for the lubrication analysis.

Findings

The axial movement of journal has a significant influence on the lubrication characteristics of misaligned journal bearing. The larger the misalignment angles of journal or the eccentricity of bearing, the greater the influence of the axial movement of journal on the lubrication performance of bearing. The lower the speed of bearing or the smaller the clearance of bearing, the more significant the influence of the axial movement of journal on the lubrication performance of bearing is.

Originality/value

The influence of the axial movement of journal on the lubrication performance of journal bearing is studied under different misalignment angles of journal, working conditions and clearances of bearing. The results of this paper are helpful to the design and research of the lubrication performance of journal bearing.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 74 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 30 December 2019

Shitendu Some and Sisir Kumar Guha

In the application of hydrostatic double-layered porous journal bearings, misalignment of bearing systems is a major problem. On the other hand, the use of coupled-stress fluid as…

Abstract

Purpose

In the application of hydrostatic double-layered porous journal bearings, misalignment of bearing systems is a major problem. On the other hand, the use of coupled-stress fluid as a lubricant is more practical in the present days. Furthermore, in case of porous bearing, neglecting slip effect and percolation effect of additives into the pores may lead to erroneous result. Hence, this paper aims to address the effect of journal misalignment and coupled-stress lubricant on the steady-state film pressure of the double-layered porous journal bearing with tangential velocity slip and percolation effect.

Design/methodology/approach

First, considering the tangential velocity slip, the most general modified Reynolds type equation has been derived for the film region and the governing equations for flow in the coarse and fine layers of porous medium, incorporating the percolation effect for a double-layered porous bearing. Here, considering the misalignment caused by shaft displacement. Film thickness expression established considering the effect of misalignment. Steady-state film pressures are obtained by solving modified Reynolds equation based on the coupled-stress lubrication theory. Effects of journal misalignment and coupled-stress lubricant on the pressure profiles in the film region are discussed and demonstrated in the graphical form.

Findings

In this paper, effects of journal misalignment and coupled-stress lubricant on the pressure profiles in the film region are obtained. In general, higher degree of misalignment gives higher steady-state pressure value in the film region, and this pressure increases due to increase in coupled-stress parameter up to a certain limit.

Originality/value

To the best of the author’s knowledge, there is no literature available, so far, that addresses the analysis of the steady-state pressure in the film region of a doubled–layered porous journal bearing under misaligned condition with coupled-stress lubricant. But in this paper all these points are included, which makes this article valuable in design purpose.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 72 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 12 November 2020

Liangliang Li and Yonghui Xie

Owing to the development of the smaller-sized rotational machinery, the demand for the high-speed and low-resistance gas bearing increases rapidly. The research of micro gas…

Abstract

Purpose

Owing to the development of the smaller-sized rotational machinery, the demand for the high-speed and low-resistance gas bearing increases rapidly. The research of micro gas bearing in the condition of rarefied gas state is still not satisfied. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to present a numerical investigation of the effect of misalignment and rarefaction effect on the comprehensive performance of micro-electrical-mechanical system (MEMS) gas bearing.

Design/methodology/approach

The Fukui and Kaneko model is expanded to 2D solution domain to describe the flow field parameters. The finite element method is used to discretize the equation. Newton–Raphson method is used to solve the nonlinear equations for the static performance of gas bearing, and partial deviation method is adopted for the solution of dynamic equations.

Findings

The static and dynamic characteristics of MEMS gas bearing are calculated, and the comparison is made to study the influence of rarefaction effect and misalignment. The results show that the rarefaction effect will decrease bearing load capacity compared with traditional solution of Reynolds equation, and the misalignment will reduce the stability of bearing. The influence of misalignment on gas film thickness is also analyzed in this paper.

Originality/value

The investigation of this paper emerges the change regularity of comprehensive performance of MEMS gas bearing considering rarefaction effect and misalignment, which provides a reference for the actual manufacturing of MEMS gas bearing and for the safety operation of micro dynamic machinery.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-01-2020-0023/

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 73 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 26 November 2018

Fangrui Lv, Chunxiao Jiao, Donglin Zou, Na Ta and Zhu-shi Rao

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the lubrication behavior of misaligned water-lubricated polymer bearings with axial grooves.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the lubrication behavior of misaligned water-lubricated polymer bearings with axial grooves.

Design/methodology/approach

A lubrication model considering journal misalignment, bush deformation and grooves is established. In dynamic analyses of shaft systems, bearings are usually simplified as supporting points. Thus, an approach for solving the equivalent supporting point location is presented. The influence of misalignment angle and groove number on film thickness, hydrodynamic pressure distribution, load-carrying capacity and ESP location is investigated.

Findings

As the misalignment angle increases, the location of the maximum pressure and ESP are shifted toward the down-warping end, and the load-carrying capacity of the bearing decreases. In comparison to the nine-groove bearing, the six grooves bearing has a higher load-carrying capacity and the ESP is located closer to the down-warping end for an equivalent misalignment angle.

Practical implications

The results of this study can be applied to marine propeller shaft systems and other systems with misaligned bearings.

Originality/value

A study on the lubrication behavior of misaligned water-lubricated polymer bearings with axial grooves is of significant interest to the research community.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 71 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 23 September 2020

Hongyang Hu, Ming Feng and Tianming Ren

The purpose of this paper is to study the characteristics of gas foil conical bearings (GFCBs) considering the misalignment, the static and dynamic performances with different…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the characteristics of gas foil conical bearings (GFCBs) considering the misalignment, the static and dynamic performances with different misalignment cases were studied.

Design/methodology/approach

A test rig on the air compressor supported by GFCBs has been developed to measure the practicability. A nonlinear bump stiffness model and one-dimensional beam top foil stiffness model were used as a basis for the calculation of static and dynamic performance. The finite element method and finite difference method are adopted to solve the Reynolds equation and the film thickness equation coupled, in which different misalignment cases were considered by changing the film thickness.

Findings

The supporting performance of GFCB is excellent, and the film clearance plays a critical role. The misalignment effects depend on the assembled angle and the misalignment angle. The load capacity, friction torque, temperature of GFCB decrease when the misalignment assembled angle is between 120° and 240°, while the dynamic bearing stability is improved. The static and dynamic performances show the opposite law for the other assembled angles, and the misalignment effect is more dramatic when there is a larger misalignment angle. Moreover, the bearing and running parameters largely affect the bearing performance.

Originality/value

The present study focuses on the static and dynamic characteristics of GFCB and investigates the effects of misalignment on the bearing performance.

Peer review

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-04-2020-0117

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 73 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 17 August 2010

Satish Sharma, Satish Jain, J. Sharana Basavaraja and Neeraj Sharma

Hole‐entry hybrid journal bearings are widely used in many applications owing to their favourable characteristics. Ever increasing technological developments demand much improved…

Abstract

Purpose

Hole‐entry hybrid journal bearings are widely used in many applications owing to their favourable characteristics. Ever increasing technological developments demand much improved performance from these class of bearings operating under the most stringent, exact and precise conditions. Therefore, it becomes imperative that the hole‐entry journal bearings be designed on the basis of more accurately predicted bearing characteristics data. The purpose of this paper is to describe a theoretical study to demonstrate the combined influence of the effect of pocket size at the outlet of supply holes and the journal misalignment on the performance of an orifice compensated hole‐entry hybrid journal bearing system.

Design/methodology/approach

Finite element method is used to solve the Reynolds equation governing the flow of an incompressible lubricant in the clearance space between the journal and bearing together with equation of flow through an orifice. The journal misalignment has been accounted for by defining a pair of misalignment parameters sigma and delta. The effect of pocket size at the outlet of supply holes has been accounted by defining a non‐dimensional parameter which is function of diameter of pocket and journal diameter.

Findings

The results presented in this paper indicate that the effect of journal misalignment is, in general, to cause a reduction in bearing dynamic characteristics parameters whereas the effect of pocket size is to slightly compensate this loss. Performance of a two lobe four recessed journal bearing, a proper selection of bearing offset factor along with type of restrictor (capillary or orifice) is essential.

Originality/value

This paper presents valuable data relating to hole‐entry hybrid journal bearings useful for bearing designers.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 62 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 March 2013

Nathi Ram and Satish Sharma

The purpose of this paper is to study theoretically the combined influence of journal misalignment and wear on the performance of a hole‐entry hybrid journal bearing system. The…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study theoretically the combined influence of journal misalignment and wear on the performance of a hole‐entry hybrid journal bearing system. The bearing is assumed to be operating in a turbulent regime.

Design/methodology/approach

The modified Reynolds equation based on Constantinescu lubrication theory has been solved by using finite element method together with orifice and capillary restrictors flow equations as a constrain together with appropriate boundary conditions.

Findings

It has been observed that for a symmetric hole‐entry journal bearing configuration the value of min is more for the bearing compensated by orifice restrictor as compared to capillary restrictor when bearing operates in turbulent regime under worn/unworn conditions. From the point of view of stability threshold speed ω¯th, the reduction in the value of ω¯th for capillary compensated bearing is around −3.89 percent whereas for orifice compensated bearing it is −7.85 percent when misaligned worn bearing is operating in turbulent regime.

Originality/value

The present work is original of its kind, in case of misaligned hole‐entry worn journal bearing. The results are quite useful for the bearing designer.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 65 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 8 April 2014

Jun Sun, Xinlong Zhu, Liang Zhang, Xianyi Wang, Chunmei Wang, Hu Wang and Xiaoyong Zhao

Current lubrication analyses of misaligned journal bearings were generally performed under some given preconditions. To make the lubrication analysis closer to the actual…

Abstract

Purpose

Current lubrication analyses of misaligned journal bearings were generally performed under some given preconditions. To make the lubrication analysis closer to the actual situation and usable to the journal bearing design, the purpose of this paper was to calculate the lubrication characteristics of misaligned journal bearings considering the viscosity-pressure effect of the oil, the surface roughness and the elastic deformation of the journal bearing at the same time.

Design/methodology/approach

The lubrication of bearings was analyzed using the average Reynolds equation. The deformation of the bearing surface under oil film pressure was calculated by a compliance matrix method. The compliance matrix was established by finite element analysis of the bearing housing. The viscosity-pressure and viscosity–temperature equations were used in the analysis.

Findings

The oil viscosity-pressure relationship has a significant effect on the lubrication of misaligned journal bearings. The surface roughness will affect the lubrication of misaligned journal bearings when the eccentricity ratio and angle of journal misalignment are all large. The directional parameter of the surface has an obvious effect on the lubrication of misaligned journal bearings. The deformation of the bearing surface has a remarkable effect on the lubrication of misaligned journal bearings.

Originality/value

The lubrication characteristics of misaligned journal bearings were calculated considering the viscosity-pressure effect of the oil, the surface roughness and the elastic deformation of the journal bearing at the same time. The results of this paper are helpful to the design of the bearing.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 66 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 7 May 2021

Lili Wang, Mengxue He, Min Wang and Yuliang Wei

Under the influence of loading, manufacturing, installation and other factors, the axis of sleeve bearing and journal will not be aligned, which will have a great impact on…

Abstract

Purpose

Under the influence of loading, manufacturing, installation and other factors, the axis of sleeve bearing and journal will not be aligned, which will have a great impact on running stability and life of bearing. The existence of oil groove can effectively improve the life of sleeve bearing and working efficiency. The lubrication performance of two and three grooves sleeve bearing considering journal misalignment is analyzed.

Design/methodology/approach

To solve the difference of discontinuous position of oil film thickness, it is necessary to use the flow balance relationship in the finite control space, and oil film thickness equation of multi-groove sleeve bearing considering journal misalignment is gained.

Findings

The friction and bearing capacity of journal bearing with oil groove increase with the increase of journal inclination angle. At the same journal inclination angle, the bearing capacity of two-axial groove journal bearing is larger than that of three-axial groove journal bearing, but the friction of two-axial groove journal bearing shows the trend of the first bigger and then smaller than that of three-axial groove journal bearing.

Originality/value

The research has great significance to optimize bearing lubrication performance and increase bearing working life.

Details

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 73 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

Keywords

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