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Using the theory of planned behavior as its basis, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships among beliefs about electronic service quality (E-S-QUAL); consumers’ need for uniqueness (CNFU); and beliefs about perceived behavioral control, expectations of important others, and cross-border online purchasing behavioral intention. The effects of E-S-QUAL and CNFU on attitude are examined with data collected from Korean consumers who have cross-border online purchasing experience.

The authors evaluate the research model in this study and test the hypotheses using partial least squares, an OLS regression-based estimation method that focuses on predicting independent variables hypothesized to have a causal relationship that maximizes the explanatory variance of the dependent variable.

Analysis of the data emphasizes that beliefs about E-S-QUAL and CNFU positively affect attitudes toward buying online from international sites, which in turn positively affect purchasing intention. Also, beliefs about self-efficacy and normative structure regarding cross-border online purchasing positively affect behavioral intentions.

This paper develops a conceptual model explaining consumers’ intentions to shop online across national borders. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, none of the previous studies have particularly mentioned the associations between beliefs about e-service quality and actual behavioral intentions in the context of cross-border online shopping. Also, the important role of CNFU has been ignored as one of the factors that can affect consumers’ decisions to shop online beyond national borders. In regard to this matter, the authors aim to investigate cross-border online shopping factors that can help international e-commerce gain a better understanding of the needs of their consumers.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the moderating roles of equality and scarcity on the impact of underdog brand positioning on consumer purchase intentions. Beyond testing the relationship between underdog brand positioning and purchase intentions (Study 1), the study examines how the equality perception affects consumer choices on underdog brands (Study 2) and how the reasons for product scarcity influence purchase intentions of consumers with prosocial orientations (Study 3).

A research model is developed, depicting the impact of underdog brand positioning on purchase intentions via social value orientations and scarcity types. The conceptual model is validated using moderation process modeling and data for which are collected through sets of structured questionnaires analyzed through PROCESS modeling in SPSS.

The findings support that compared with top dog brand positioning, underdog brand positioning has a greater impact on consumers’ purchase intentions, and consumers with prosocial orientations generate greater purchase intentions than consumers with proself orientations. In addition, the demand-caused product scarcity also moderates the relationship between underdog brand biography and purchase intentions.

The study contributes to the ongoing research on brand positioning by examining the associations between equality perception and purchase intentions in the context of underdog brand biography. The study also shows the value of demand-caused scarcity as a moderator of the underdog brand–purchase intention linkage.

Banking services encounter major challenges in determining customer's psychometric behavioral intentions. Scholars suggest that a theoretical approach to better understand the key constructs of service marketing, such as service quality, perceived value, customer satisfaction, corporate image and behavioral intentions, is critical to bank performance. The present study aims to design and test a comprehensive multidimensional and hierarchical model of service quality with higher-order psychometric constructions and their mediation effects in the model.

Data from a self-administered structured questionnaire are analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling.

Empirical results confirm that multidimensional and hierarchical service quality are best suited to assess overall banking service quality, in which outcome, interaction and environment quality are the important primary dimensions, with each of them having several subdimensions. Service quality is the significant antecedent of behavioral intentions, customer satisfaction, corporate image and perceived value. Customer satisfaction and service quality are the best determinants of behavioral intentions. In addition, customer satisfaction, perceived value and corporate image are complementary variables, having significant mediation effects on the relationship between service quality and behavioral intentions.

As a maiden study in the context of emerging economies, this research integrates a comprehensive service quality theory and valuable customer loyalty constructs, which are crucial to banks' financial performance, bolstering evidence for the theoretical pitch. This study also provides managers with a clear idea of how they can develop sustainable service marketing strategies and policies on the psychometric perceptions of customers, thereby leading banks to achieve long-term goals.

This work presents evidence that cross‐isted stocks (ADRs) are traded in markets that are not completely integrated, and it is the presence of high frequency arbitrage activity that forces these stock pairs to be most commonly in relative equilibrium. A Threshold Autoregressive (TAR) model tests the hypothesis that the reversion to equilibrium of the price discrepancy series is a nonlinear function that has nontrivial thresholds, and that large price discrepancies are relatively short‐lived. The TAR specification models the neutralization of arbitrage forces with thresholds that separate outer regions where large discrepancies have a strong reversion to equilibrium from a central region where transaction costs significantly mitigate this reversion.

Discusses the 6th ITCRR, its breadth of textile and clothing research activity, plus the encouragement given to workers in this field and its related areas. States that, within the newer research areas under the microscope of the community involved, technical textiles focuses on new, ‘smart’ garments and the initiatives in this field in both the UK and the international community at large. Covers this subject at length.

Looks at the eighth published year of the ITCRR and the research, from far and near, involved in this. Muses on the fact that, though all the usual processes are to the fore, the downside part of the industry is garment making which is the least developed side. Posits that the manufacture of clothing needs to become more technologically advanced as does retailing. Closes by emphasising support for the community in all its efforts.

Considering the economic potential of festivals to Creative Tourism, this chapter discusses the potential of the small-scale ones for rural development. It reviews worldwide small-scale festivals and engages them with creative activities, presenting the results of some of the small-scale festivals that occur in Southern Europe. It explores the impacts of a small-scale festival on the development of a medium-sized city or a rural area and the challenges they must face in the future. Furthermore, it deals with what kind of new offer can be developed in order to make these territories more sustainable. In this context, Southern Europe plays an important role due to its rich historical heritage that can diversify the offer and the type of experience, being an excellent opportunity to promote the preservation of those at risk of disappearing. This chapter uses primary and secondary data. A geodatabase was created to understand South European festivals on Creative Tourism. Examples from Italy, Greece, Slovenia and Portugal were analysed.

Consumer trust plays a key role in the development and maintenance of long-term relationships in the tourism sector. This study aims to examine the antecedents of trust in the local accommodation sector, which faced a disruptive period due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It also addresses the trust–loyalty relationship.

A survey was administered to a sample of rural accommodation tourists during the COVID-19 pandemic. A mixed-method approach was used to analyse data; in particular, a PLS-SEM approach was used, followed by a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA).

This study confirms and reinforces the importance of a positive influence of affective evaluation, reputation, perceived security and the destination image on perceived trust. It also demonstrates the impact of trust on loyalty. Using fsQCA, it was found that perceived security is a necessary condition to achieve perceived trust. However, there are multiple paths to achieving high trust.

This article provides a practical and theoretical contribution to this phenomenon during the pandemic crisis. This study concludes that implementing specific measures to increase perceived security (e.g. clean and safe seal) was critical to increase trust and loyalty.

Although the decrease in visits has had a significant impact on economic activities, the nature of the context, in particular the rural context, proved that the combination of agricultural activities with tourism services offering also revealed to be a promising complementary strategy to help owners and minimize the lack of visitors.

This study is one of the earliest to understand trust and its antecedents and trust loyalty during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The purpose of this paper is to construct a numerical model for the numerical analysis of the hydraulic transient profile in Trabalhador channel for filling and emptying maneuvers and to determine the water level in time. Model results support operational managers in the decision-making process.

Physical data were provided for the construction and calibration of the numerical model. The equations of Saint-Venant were approximated by a finite difference scheme and the numerical model was written in Fortran. The results of filling and emptying of the channel simulations were compared with the measured water levels.

Measured water levels and those simulated by the numerical model have shown good correlation. The time recorded for the filling and emptying of the canal was also close between the measured and simulated data. The simulation design flow pointed to inundation in the channel banks. Simulation water levels were slightly higher than those measured.

In this model, the combination of canals and pressure conduits was not considered.

The findings confirm the measured time for filling and emptying of the canal, as well as inundation of canal banks for the maximum design flow. These results help in the management process.

This paper presents a numerical model for hydraulic transient analysis in channels with good agreement with the field data.

The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered a time of crisis and uncertainty for the air transportation industry. The gloomy prospects for the industry have stretched business resilience to a critical point. The crisis has caused damage and shock that the aviation industry has never endured before. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of both internally and externally generated airline response strategies by examining business practices for crisis management.

This study screened research papers and economic reports from authoritative organizations including the International Air Transport Association, International Civil Aviation Organization, World Health Organization and United Nations World Tourism Organization from December 2019 (the month in which the COVID-19 outbreak occurred) to March 2021 (the most recent month at present). The authors also integrated publicly recognized news articles to cover a wide range of business practices in the airline industry. The authors conducted thematic analysis by filtering news articles and economic reports that mentioned the keywords “COVID-19,” “pandemic,” “CoV-2,” “coronavirus” and “corona.” The authors coded the airlines’ response actions along the two-axis matrix (time and magnitude) and generated insights in a timely manner.

Major airlines have modified decision-making in relation to the exponential spread of the virus, which is in direct proportion to the deterioration level in the airline industry. When the impact was low in the early stage, major airlines maintained their status quo. Before long, the magnitude of the destruction became high, which made airlines implement capacity adjustments and request government relief measures. As industrial deterioration deepens, airlines keep calling for state aid packages and have changed their focus to the cargo transportation of high-demand commodities and pharmaceutical supplies. Lastly, industrial adversity and uncertainty have made them defer aggressive takeover opportunities.

Several researchers have investigated the impacts of the COVID-19 on the airline industry. However, there remains a dearth of scholarship on the hampered business activities and crisis management of the airline industry. In the absence of sufficient response strategies against the COVID-19 panic, this paper is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the major airlines’ response strategies to the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, this paper yields an opportunity for on-site management to review how major global airlines have responded to the crisis and find managerial insights to restore their business sustainability.

冠状病毒大流行引发了航空业的危机时刻和不确定性。 该行业前景黯淡, 业务弹性已达到临界点。 这场危机造成了航空业从未经历过的破坏和震惊。 在本文中, 我们通过检查用于危机管理的业务实践, 对内部和外部生成的航空公司响应策略提供了全面的了解。

我们的研究筛选了IATA, ICAO, WHO和UNWTO等权威组织从2019年12月（发生冠状病毒爆发的月份）到2021年3月（目前的最近一个月）的研究论文和经济报告。 我们还整合了公众认可的新闻报道, 以涵盖航空业的广泛业务实践。 我们通过过滤提及关键词“ COVID-19”, “大流行”, “ CoV-2”, “冠状病毒”的新闻文章和经济报告进行了主题分析。 我们沿两轴矩阵（时间和幅度）对航空公司的响应行动进行了编码, 并及时产生了我们的见解。

大型航空公司已根据行业恶化率修订了有关病毒指数传播的决定。 当最初的影响很小时, 主要航空公司保持现状。 很快, 损失变得如此严重, 以至于航空公司不得不调整机动性并要求政府救济。 随着航空业恶化的加剧, 航空公司继续呼吁国家提供援助计划, 以将重点转移到高需求商品和药品的运输上。 最后, 行业低迷和不确定性延迟了积极的收购机会。

几位研究人员调查了冠状病毒对航空业的影响。 但是, 对于航空业受阻的商业活动和危机管理, 仍然缺乏奖学金。 在没有足够的应对冠状病毒恐慌的应对策略的情况下, 本文旨在全面了解主要航空公司对冠状病毒恐慌的应对策略。 此外, 本文还为现场管理人员提供了一个机会, 可以回顾主要的全球航空公司如何应对危机并找到管理见解以恢复其业务可持续性。

La pandemia de COVID-19 ha desencadenado una época de crisis e incertidumbre para la industria del transporte aéreo. Las sombrías perspectivas para la industria han llevado la resistencia empresarial a un punto crítico. La crisis ha causado daños y conmociones que la industria de la aviación nunca antes había soportado. En este documento, proporcionamos una comprensión integral de las estrategias de respuesta de las aerolíneas generadas tanto interna como externamente mediante el examen de las prácticas comerciales para la gestión de crisis.

Nuestro estudio examinó los documentos de investigación y los informes económicos de organizaciones autoritarias, incluidas la IATA, la OMS y la ONUWTO, desde diciembre de 2019 (el mes en el que ocurrió el brote de COVID-19) hasta marzo de 2021 (el mes más reciente actualmente). También hemos integrado artículos de noticias reconocidos públicamente para cubrir una amplia gama de prácticas empresariales en la industria aeronáutica. Hemos realizado un análisis temático filtrando artículos de noticias y informes económicos que mencionaban las palabras clave “COVID-19”, “pandémica”, “CoV-2”, “coronavirus” y “corona”. Codificamos las acciones de respuesta de las compañías aéreas a lo largo de la matriz de dos eje (tiempo y magnitud) y generamos nuestras ideas en un momento oportuno.

Las principales aerolíneas han modificado la toma de decisiones en relación con la propagación exponencial del virus, que es directamente proporcional al nivel de deterioro de la industria aeronáutica. Cuando el impacto fue bajo en la etapa inicial, las principales aerolíneas mantuvieron su status quo. En poco tiempo, la magnitud de la destrucción se hizo alta, lo que hizo que las aerolíneas implementaran ajustes de capacidad y solicitaran medidas de socorro del gobierno. A medida que se profundiza el deterioro industrial, las aerolíneas siguen pidiendo paquetes de ayuda estatal y han cambiado su enfoque hacia el transporte de carga de productos básicos de alta demanda y suministros farmacéuticos. Por último, la adversidad y la incertidumbre industriales les han hecho posponer las oportunidades de adquisición agresivas.

Varios investigadores han investigado los impactos del COVID-19 en la industria de las aerolíneas. Sin embargo, sigue habiendo escasez de estudios sobre las actividades comerciales obstaculizadas y la gestión de crisis de la industria de las aerolíneas. En ausencia de estrategias de respuesta suficientes contra el pánico de COVID-19, este documento tiene como objetivo proporcionar una comprensión integral de las estrategias de respuesta de las principales aerolíneas a la pandemia de COVID-19. Además, este documento brinda una oportunidad para que la gerencia en el sitio revise cómo las principales aerolíneas mundiales han respondido a la crisis y encuentre información gerencial para restaurar la sostenibilidad de su negocio.