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This paper seeks to adopt FRBRoo as an ontological approach to integrate heterogeneous metadata, and transform human-understandable format into machine-understandable format for semantic query.

Two cases of use with museum artefacts and literary works were exploited to illustrate how FRBRoo can be used to re-contextualize the semantics of elements and the semantic relationships embedded in those elements. The shared ontology was then RDFized and examples were explored to examine the feasibility of the proposed approach.

FRBRoo can play a role as inter lingua aligning museum and library metadata to achieve heterogeneous metadata integration and semantic query without changing either of the original approaches to fit the other.

Exploration of more diverse use cases is required to further align the different approaches of museums and libraries using FRBRoo and make revisions.

Solid evidence is provided for the use of FRBRoo in heterogeneous metadata integration and semantic query.

This is the first study to elaborate how FRBRoo can play a role as a shared ontology to integrate the heterogeneous metadata generated by museums and libraries. This paper also shows how the proposed approach is distinct from the Dublin Core format crosswalk in re-contextualizing semantic meanings and their relationships, and further provides four new sub-types for mapping description language.

This paper aims to study integrated metadata access infrastructure for a network of federated curated data repositories. With the increase in collaborative initiatives among diverse scientific discipline, infrastructure should be in place to facilitate effective information sharing. Scientific data sharing involves provisioning, curation and dissemination of information about the various datasets for discovery and access by other peers, which is achieved using metadata services. The heterogeneous nature of various distributed dataset repositories has resulted in the use of heterogeneous metadata services. This poses some challenges in efficient dataset sharing and information retrieval. To allow for universal accessibility of these autonomous curated data repositories, it is important to establish cross-integration on these data repositories for information sharing.

The authors address this problem through provisioning of a universal metadata interface design that can be integrated with some popular metadata services such as integrated rule-oriented data system (iRODS), OpenDap/THREDDS and MERCURY. Given a network of federated heterogeneous distributed metadata services over autonomous curated data repositories, the authors present an implementation of a universal interface system that can probe and query different metadata databases to access the essential information provided for data discovery and enable data migration.

The authors present the architecture that integrates and allows communication between our interface and the various autonomous data repositories. The authors show how they can integrate their system with THREDDS and iRODS to accomplish data discovery and access operations without altering the implementations of the metadata services at their remote locations.

Their system provides unique architecture for information discovery and metadata searches which employs the application programming interfaces for the respective metadata services and communicates using the Zero C Internet communication engine (ICE) protocol.

Commonly, an organizational information system may have various data types and directory formats. It usually employs different metadata formats to represent the documents. Although the metadata system can cover the different formats of documents, there still exist the integration problems in various metadata systems. This may lower the performance of data processing and impede information sharing. Research focuses on the model of using multi‐XML schema to construct an XML system framework. Through a complete hierarchical tree structure definition of inner elements, the proposed model can settle the weakness of traditional object‐oriented languages in information sharing; it can also eliminate the constraints of storage and management among heterogeneous metadata while processing different metadata information.

This paper aims to present a novel DSpace-based medical image repository system planned explicitly for storing and retrieving clinical images using digital imaging and communication in medicine (DICOM) metadata standards. DSpace institutional repository software is widely used in an academic environment for accessing and mainly storing text-related files. DICOM images are particular types of images embedded with much system-generated metadata and organised using DICOM metadata standards.

The present paper talks about institutional repository software (DSpace) in archiving DICOM images. In the current study, the authors have tried to integrate the DICOM metadata standard with DSpace, which was compatible with Dublin Core (DC) and open archives initiative – protocol for metadata harvesting (OAI-PMH). After combining the DICOM standard with DSpace and the repository tested with a sample of 5,000 images, the retrieval results using various DICOM tags was very satisfactory. This study paves for the use of open source software (OSS) in storing and retrieving medical images.

The author has provided the DSpace software to recognised DICOM (.dcm) files in the first stage. In the second stage, a patch was developed to identify the DICOM metadata standard in Dspace, which has inbuilt DC metadata standards. Finally, in the third stage, retrieval efficiency was tested with a 5,000 .dcm image using the DICOM tag and the results were very fruitful.

A major limitation of this study was the size of the data (5,000 DICOM images) with which the authors have tested the system. The system scalability has to be tested on various fronts like on cloud and local servers with different configurations, for which a separate study has to be done.

Once this system is in place, DICOM users can stock, retrieve and access the image from the Web platform. Furthermore, this proposed repository will be the warehouse of various DICOM images with reasonable storage costs.

In addition to exploring the opportunities of free open source software (FOSS) implementation in medical science, this study includes issues related to the performance of an open-source repository for retrieving and preserving medical images. It created and developed Open Source DICOM Medical Image Library with DICOM metadata standard with the help of DSpace. Thus, the study will generate value for library professionals and medical professionals and FOSS vendors to understand the medical market in the context of FOSS.

This paper aims to describe the main challenges of identifying and accessing useful information and knowledge about natural hazards and disasters results. The paper presents a grid‐based digital library system designed to address the challenges.

The need to organize and publish metadata about European research results in the field of natural disasters has been met with the help of two innovative technologies: the Open Grid Service Architecture (OGSA) and the Resource Description Framework (RDF). OGSA provides a common platform for sharing distributed metadata securely. RDF facilitates the creation and exchange of metadata.

Using grid technology allows the RDF metadata of European research results in the field of natural disasters to be shared securely and effectively in a heterogeneous network environment.

A metadata approach is proposed for the extraction of the metadata, and their distribution to third parties in batch, and their sharing with other applications can be a quickly process. Furthermore, a method is set out to describe metadata in a common and open format, which can become a widely accepted standard; the existence of a common standard enables the metadata storage in different platforms while supporting the capability of distributed queries across different metadata databases, the integration of metadata extracted from different sources, etc. It can be used for the general‐purpose search engines.

Major objective of the instant study was to investigate the factors affecting the adoption of integrated semantic digital libraries (SDLs). It attempted to find out the challenges faced in implementing semantic technologies in digital libraries. This study also aimed to develop a framework to provide practical solutions to efficiently adopt semantic digital library systems to offer richer data and services.

To meet the formulated objectives of the study, a systematic literature review was conducted. The authors adhered to the “Preferred Reporting Items for the Systematic Review and Meta-analysis” (PRISMA) guidelines as a research method. The data were retrieved from different tools and databases. In total, 35 key studies were included for systematic review after having applied standard procedures.

The findings of the study indicated that SDLs are highly significant as they offered context-based information resources. Interoperability of the systems, advancement in bilateral transfer modules, machine-controlled indexing, and folksonomy were key factors in developing semantic digital libraries. The study identified five different types of challenges to build an integrated semantic digital library system. These challenges included ontologies and interoperability, development of a suitable model, diversity in language, lack of skilled human resources, and other technical issues.

This paper provided a framework that is based on practical solutions as a benchmark for policymakers to devise formal standards for the initiation to develop integrated semantic digital libraries.

The library metadata of the twenty-first century is moving toward a linked data model. BIBFRAME, which stands for Bibliographic Framework Initiative, was launched in 2011 with the goal to make bibliographic descriptions sharable and interoperable on the web. Since its inception, BIBFRAME development has made remarkable progress. The focus of BIBFRAME discussions has now shifted from experimentation to implementation. The library community is collaborating with all stakeholders to build the infrastructure for BIBFRAME production in order to provide the environment where BIBFRAME data can be easily created, reused, and shared. This chapter addresses library community's BIBFRAME endeavors, with the focus on Library of Congress, Program for Cooperative Program, Linked Data for Production Phase 2, and OCLC. This chapter discusses BIBFRAME's major differences from the MARC standard with the hope of helping metadata practitioners get a general understanding of the future metadata activity. While the BIBFRAME landscape is beginning to take shape and its practical implications are beginning to develop, it is anticipated that MARC records will continue to be circulated for the foreseeable future. Upcoming multistandard metadata environments will bring new challenges to metadata practitioners, and this chapter addresses the required knowledge and skills for this transitional and multistandard metadata landscape. Finally, this chapter explores BIBFRAME's remaining challenges to realize the BIBFRAME production environment and asserts that BIBFRAME's ultimate goal is to deliver a value-added next-web search experience to our users.

This research aimed to visualize and analyze the co-word network and thematic clusters of the intellectual structure in the field of linked data during 1900–2021.

This applied research employed a descriptive and analytical method, scientometric indicators, co-word techniques, and social network analysis. VOSviewer, SPSS, Python programming, and UCINet software were used for data analysis and network structure visualization.

The top ranks of the Web of Science (WOS) subject categorization belonged to various fields of computer science. Besides, the USA was the most prolific country. The keyword ontology had the highest frequency of co-occurrence. Ontology and semantic were the most frequent co-word pairs. In terms of the network structure, nine major topic clusters were identified based on co-occurrence, and 29 thematic clusters were identified based on hierarchical clustering. Comparisons between the two clustering techniques indicated that three clusters, namely semantic bioinformatics, knowledge representation, and semantic tools were in common. The most mature and mainstream thematic clusters were natural language processing techniques to boost modeling and visualization, context-aware knowledge discovery, probabilistic latent semantic analysis (PLSA), semantic tools, latent semantic indexing, web ontology language (OWL) syntax, and ontology-based deep learning.

This study adopted various techniques such as co-word analysis, social network analysis network structure visualization, and hierarchical clustering to represent a suitable, visual, methodical, and comprehensive perspective into linked data.

The main purpose of this article is to provide a focal framework with the aim of making integrated digital libraries in technical and content level of syntactic interoperability between digital libraries.

Literature review, library research method and analytical approach were used in the first step of this research in order to design IDL framework. Then a survey of 11 Iranian digital library applications was conducted for testing the proposed framework. Finally, based on the findings, conceptual integration architecture was proposed based on the framework.

Based on the literature a framework for integration of digital library applications in syntax level is proposed which includes four core layers: models, protocols, metadata formats, and context-based layer. Based on the findings of the survey, integration architecture is proposed which includes all the mentioned layers in the IDL framework. So as to decrease cost of installing the architecture, cloud base technology architecture introduced to be used inverse.

A gap exists between research and practice in the field of integrated digital libraries. In fact this article is an attempt to cover this gap by proposing a framework that can be implemented.

This paper aims to propose an integrating model for creating virtual libraries in Iranian universities of medical sciences.

This study was conducted with an analytic survey method. The statistical population comprised 66 Iranian universities of medical sciences, of which 59 libraries participated in the study. A researcher-made checklist was used for data collection. To ensure the accuracy of data, interviews and, in some cases, observations were also performed. Statistical estimates, including frequency, percentage, cumulative frequency and diagrams, were used for data analysis, and the system analysis method was used for modeling.

Results demonstrated that the library software programs of the studied universities of medical sciences do not have desirable interoperability capabilities. Only Azarsa program can exchange information with other systems. In terms of metadata and its standards, the studied libraries use programs with various standards, with MARC and Dublin Core standards being the most frequently used ones in the studied sample.

The model proposed here for integration is a hybrid model which can translate metadata standards and use the Z39.50 and OEI protocol to transfer data.