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Article
Publication date: 28 March 2022

Luisa Fernanda Restrepo, Diego Tellez-Falla and Jesús Godoy-Bejarano

The purpose of this study is to estimate the effect of information disclosure on firm value for firms in the Integrated Latin American Market (MILA) over the period 2011–2017.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to estimate the effect of information disclosure on firm value for firms in the Integrated Latin American Market (MILA) over the period 2011–2017.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses structural equation modeling (SEM), where the latent variable “Disclosure Quality” is measured using five textual analysis variables as indicators. The final sample is composed of 1,412 observations representing 198 firms from which we were able to collect annual reports and financial information required.

Findings

The authors find a positive and statistically significant effect of “Disclosure Quality” on firm value. The indirect effect of language on firm value is also captured. Text similarity, negative tone, readability and text length in corporate disclosure are negatively related to firm value while using positive tone is positively related. In the exploratory analysis, the authors have significant effects of textual measures on disclosure quality.

Originality/value

The research is original and unique as it approaches the relation between disclosure quality and market valuation of the firm using SEM for firms participating in the MILA.

Propósito

El propósito es estimar el efecto de la calidad en la revelación de información sobre el valor de la firma para empresas que hacen parte del mercado integrado Latinoamericano (MILA) durante el periodo 2011–2017.

Diseño/metodología/aproximación

El estudio utiliza un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM), donde la variable latente “Calidad de la información” es medida usando cinco variables de análisis textual como indicadores. La muestra final está conpuesta de 1,412 observaciones que representan 198 empresas para las cuales se pudo recolectar los reportes anuales y la información financiera requerida

Hallazgos

Nosotros encontramos una relación positiva y estadísticamente significativa entre la variable “Calidad de la información” y valor de la firma. El efecto indirecto del lenguaje en el valor de la firma es igualmente observado. La similaridad en el texto, el tono negativo, la legibilidad y el largo del texto en la revelación corporativa están relacionados de manera negativa con el valor de la firma mientras que el tono positivo está relacionado de manera positiva. En el análisis exploratorio, nosotros encontramos un efecto estadísticamente significativo entre las medidas de texto y la calidad de la revelación.

Originalidad

La investigación es original y única en cuanto aproxima la relación entre calidad de la revelación y desempeño de la firma usando un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales para las firmas participantes del mercado integrado Latinoamericano (MILA).

Article
Publication date: 13 September 2018

Nicolas Hardy, Nicolas S. Magner, Jaime Lavin, Rodrigo A. Cardenas and Mauricio Jara-Bertin

The purpose of this paper is to provide evidence about the effects of the MILA agreement in terms of improving financial market efficiency.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide evidence about the effects of the MILA agreement in terms of improving financial market efficiency.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors measure efficiency by studying the stock reaction to earnings announcements using a conditional heteroscedasticity generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity-adjusted market model and the most commonly implemented event study tests for 3,399 events across four countries in the Latin American Integrated Market (MILA).

Findings

Contrary to expectations, the results show that the MILA agreement has isolated gains in terms of reaction to corporate earnings announcements, which translates into partial improvements in market efficiency. However, the evidence indicates that the MILA agreement favored cointegration, which is in line with other studies.

Practical implications

This paper provides evidence for policymakers and regulators that a stock market agreement is a condition that promotes market cointegration, but it is not an element that in itself ensures an improvement in market efficiency. To achieve greater MILA benefits, regulatory and market-level changes are required.

Originality/value

This is the first study that analyses the effect of a stock market agreement on the efficiency of markets, expanding on what has been studied in the finance literature regarding the influence of these agreements on cointegration.

Propósito

Esta investigación entrega evidencia sobre los efectos del acuerdo MILA respecto a mejoras en la eficiencia de los mercados accionarios involucrados.

Diseño/metodología/enfoque

Medimos eficiencia estudiando la reacción de los mercados accionarios tras anuncios de resultados utilizando un modelo de mercado ajustado por heteroscedasticidad condicional (GARCH). Además, consideramos las pruebas de estudios de evento más utilizadas en la literatura para 3,399 eventos en los 4 países involucrados en el acuerdo MILA.

Resultados

Contrario a lo esperado, los resultados muestran que el acuerdo MILA genera aumentos marginales en la reacción frente a anuncios corporativos, lo cual se traduce en mejoras parciales de la eficiencia de mercados accionarios. Sin embargo, la evidencia muestra que el MILA sí favorece a la cointegración, lo cual va en línea con estudios previos.

Implicancias prácticas

Esta investigación entrega evidencia para reguladores de que un acuerdo de integración bursátil promueve cointegración entre mercados, pero no es un elemento que por sí solo asegure una mejora en eficiencia. Para alcanzar mayores beneficios del acuerdo MILA, se requieren cambios adicionales a nivel de mercado accionario y de regulación.

Originalidad/valor

Este es el primer estudio que analiza el efecto de un acuerdo de integración bursátil en la eficiencia de los mercados accionarios, expandiendo lo que ha sido ya encontrado en la literatura financiera respecto a la influencia de estos acuerdos en cointegración.

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 8 February 2018

David Agudelo, Diego A. Agudelo and Julián Peláez

Se estudian los determinantes y la evolución de la actividad bursátil mensual en el mercado accionario colombiano de 2007 a 2016.

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Abstract

Propósito

Se estudian los determinantes y la evolución de la actividad bursátil mensual en el mercado accionario colombiano de 2007 a 2016.

Diseño/metodología/enfoque

Para ello se emplean modelos de series de tiempo tipo ARIMAX y GARCH, incluyendo variables exógenas, recomendadas por la literatura previa.

Hallazgos

Encontramos que la actividad bursátil puede ser pronosticada en buena parte por el valor rezagado a un mes y las innovaciones de cinco y 12 meses. También contribuyen a predecirla, como variables exógenas, una dummy de rendimientos positivos en los últimos tres meses, la presencia de emisiones primarias y el índice VIX de volatilidad del SP500. Estos resultados se mantienen en un alto grado al emplear medidas alternativas de actividad bursátil, el número total de operaciones y la rotación.

Implicaciones prácticas

Se propone un modelo de predicción de la actividad bursátil que puede servir de modelo para otros mercados accionarios de Latinoamérica. El modelo obtenido es altamente predictivo del valor transado total del mercado al siguiente mes. La estimación de la actividad bursátil es de utilidad para instituciones como la Bolsa de Valores de Colombia, reguladores de los mercados financieros, así como para grandes inversionistas institucionales.

Implicaciones sociales

El propósito central de los mercados financieros secundarios consiste en facilitar la transacción de activos financieros, lo que debe reflejarse en alta actividad bursátil, tanto en número de operaciones como en valor transado total. La posibilidad de transar altos montos es una medida importante del desarrollo de un mercado financiero. De esta manera, el modelo aquí propuesto puede usarse para monitorizar y explicar el desarrollo del mercado. En particular, se evidencia el nocivo efecto de la debacle de Interbolsa a finales de 2012 y el positivo efecto de las emisiones primarias.

Originalidad/valor

Este es el primer paper en estudiar la actividad bursátil del mercado accionario colombiano en años recientes. Sirve como modelo para el estudio y seguimiento de esta variable en otros mercados accionarios latinoamericanos.

Purpose

To study the determinants and evolution of the trading activity in the Colombian Stock Market from 2007 to 2016.

Design/methodology/approach

ARMA time series models were used, including several explanatory variables recommended by previous literature.

Findings

We find that stock market activity can be predicted to a large extent by its lags, and that positive returns in the last three months, emissions and the VIX index are also explicative variables, as suggested by empirical studies in other countries and theoretical models of market microstructure. These results are robust by using alternative measures of trading activity, total number of trades and turnover.

Originality/value

The main contribution of this study is the analysis of the trading activity of the Colombian Stock Market, a critical variable for monitoring the development of any financial market.

Details

Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science, vol. 23 no. 44
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2077-1886

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 3 November 2014

Diego A. Agudelo, Ángelo Gutiérrez Daza and Nazly J. Múnera Montoya

The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of X‐Stream, the new trading platform of the Colombian Stock Exchange since February 2009, on the market quality.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of X‐Stream, the new trading platform of the Colombian Stock Exchange since February 2009, on the market quality.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors test the effect of X‐Stream on market quality variables, such as liquidity (bid‐ask spread and price impact), daily and intraday volatility and trading activity, using mean tests, panel data and conditional variance models. The authors use a proprietary database of transactions and orders from the exchange.

Findings

The evidence suggests that X‐Stream improved the liquidity and trading activity and reduced the volatility of the overall market, especially of the most liquid stocks.

Practical implications

These results support the investment on more sophisticated trading systems in emerging markets.

Originality/value

Contributing to the literature on market quality, this paper provides novel evidence of the effect of reforms on market design, trading rules and operational capabilities on a small and low‐liquidity emerging stock market.

Resumen

Se investiga el efecto de la plataforma de transacción de acciones de BVC, X‐Stream, en la calidad del mercado accionario a partir de su lanzamiento en Febrero del 2009. Partiendo de una base de datos transaccional de BVC, se emplean varios modelos econométricos para medir el efecto de la nueva plataforma en las volatilidades diaria e intradiaria, la liquidez (margen proporcional de oferta y demanda e impacto en el precio) y la actividad bursátil. La evidencia demuestra que X‐Stream mejoró la liquidez y redujo la volatilidad del mercado accionario como un todo, pero especialmente en las acciones más líquidas. Esta investigación contribuye a la literatura en calidad de mercado al aportar nueva evidencia sobre el efecto de los cambios de diseño, reglas de transacción y capacidades operacionales en un mercado accionario de reducidos tamaño y liquidez. De esta manera, sirve como argumento para justificar inversiones en sistemas avanzados de transacción en mercados emergentes.

Details

Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración, vol. 27 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1012-8255

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 29 April 2022

Hernando Porras-Gomez, Fernando Santa-Guzman and Luis Antonio Orozco

The purpose of this study is to determine the predominant features of the corporations in four Latin American that are countries associated with the disclosure of reputational…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to determine the predominant features of the corporations in four Latin American that are countries associated with the disclosure of reputational risk in the frame of explanations proposed by the organizational institutionalism theory about the isomorphism due to environmental pressures like the organisation for economic cooperation and development (OECD) membership and the belonging of Pacific Alliance (PA).

Design/methodology/approach

Using an exploratory structural equation model (SEM) with 26 variables from the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) of a sample of 205 large companies from Mexico, Peru, Chile and Colombia that belong to the PA, during 2016, the research evaluates the association of firms features with the disclosure of reputational risk.

Findings

This research founds that country, industry, working conditions, financial performance and status in terms of firms listed in the stock market and in rankings of corporate reputation use to talk about reputational risk in firms' reports. The financial industry, which is ruled by Basel guidelines, and companies with lower returns tend to disclose reputational risk. The isomorphism does not depend on the time of membership in the OECD.

Practical implications

The findings revealed that belonging to the same multilateral organizations like PA or OECD is not enough to create isomorphism in improving the corporative disclosure increasing the quality of sustainability reports. Policymakers and managers need more incentive to avoid strategic silence and selective disclosure of information to promote more transparency for society and enhance the usefulness of accounting and corporate information to interpret business risks, especially reputational risk.

Originality/value

This article contributes to the emerging literature in reputational risk disclosure with evidence explained in the frame of organizational institutionalism evaluating the features that contribute to the legitimatization process, with counterintuitive evidence about the isomorphism pressured by multilateral organizations and economic blocks.

Purpose

El propósito es determinar los rasgos predominantes de las corporaciones en cuatro países de América Latina asociados a la divulgación del riesgo reputacional en el marco de las explicaciones propuestas por la teoría del institucionalismo organizacional sobre el isomorfismo debido a presiones ambientales como la membresía de la OCDE y la pertenencia a la Alianza del Pacífico – AP.

Design/methodology/approach

Utilizando un modelo exploratorio de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) con 26 variables de la Global Reporting Initiative GRI de una muestra de 205 grandes empresas de México, Perú, Chile y Colombia que pertenecen a la AP, durante 2016, la investigación evalúa la asociación de las características de las empresas con la divulgación del riesgo reputacional.

Findings

Esta investigación encontró que el país, la industria, las condiciones de trabajo, el desempeño financiero y el estado en términos de empresas que cotizan en el mercado de valores y en los rankings de reputación corporativa utilizan para reverlar sobre el riesgo reputacional en sus informes. La industria financiera, regida por las directrices de Basilea, y las empresas con rendimientos más bajos tienden a revelar el riesgo reputacional. El isomorfismo no depende del tiempo de membresía en la OCDE.

Practical implications:

Los hallazgos revelaron que no basta con pertenecer a los mismos organismos multilaterales como AP u OCDE para crear isomorfismo en la mejora de la divulgación corporativa aumentando la calidad de los informes de sostenibilidad. Los responsables de la formulación de políticas y los gerentes necesitan más incentivos para evitar el silencio estratégico y la divulgación selectiva de información para promover una mayor transparencia para la sociedad y mejorar la utilidad de la información contable y corporativa para interpretar los riesgos comerciales, especialmente el riesgo reputacional.

Originality/value

Este artículo contribuye a la literatura emergente en revelación de riesgos reputacionales con evidencia explicada en el marco de la institucionalidad organizacional evaluando las características que contribuyen al proceso de legitimación, con evidencia contraintuitiva sobre el isomorfismo presionado por organismos multilaterales y bloques económicos.

Details

Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración, vol. 35 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1012-8255

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 5 March 2018

Urbi Garay

The purpose of this paper is to present the progress and trends of the literature on art as an investment and to outline potential research lines to be developed.

Abstract

Objective

The purpose of this paper is to present the progress and trends of the literature on art as an investment and to outline potential research lines to be developed.

Design/methodology/approach

This work gathers, analyses and critically discusses the attributes of investments in art in general, and in Latin American art in particular.

Findings

Most studies report that art (art in general, and Latin American in particular) has offered relatively low but positive real returns, which have tended to be below those offered by stocks and similar to those realized by bonds. Art has a low correlation with other investments.

Research limitations and implications

The literature on the attributes of Latin American art as an investment is limited and new research would help to close the knowledge gap with respect to this segment of the art market as it continues to grow.

Practical implications

Similarly to the research carried out into other segments of the art market, studies on Latin American art suggest that the works of art are worth more, ceteris paribus: the more renowned the artist, the larger the work, whether they were executed in oil, and if they were auctioned at Sotheby’s or Christie’s. The paper also details a series of practical implications for those who participate in the art market.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first exhaustive review of the literature on the attributes of Latin American art as an investment. The findings of this study are useful for academics, art collectors, auction houses, gallerists and others who take part in the arts market.

Propósito

Presentar los avances y las tendencias de la literatura sobre el arte como inversión, y delinear líneas de investigación a ser desarrolladas.

Diseño/metodología/enfoque

Este trabajo reúne, analiza y discute críticamente los atributos de inversión del arte, en general, y latinoamericano, en particular.

Hallazgos

La mayoría de los estudios reportan que el arte (tanto el arte, en general, como el arte latinoamericano, en particular) ha ofrecido rendimientos reales positivos, aunque relativamente bajos, los cuales tienden a ser inferiores de los de las acciones y a ser similares a los de los bonos. El arte tiene una baja correlación con otras inversiones.

Limitaciones e implicaciones de la investigación

La literatura sobre los atributos del arte latinoamericano como inversión es limitada. Es de esperar que nuevas investigaciones permitan ir cerrando la brecha del conocimiento con respecto a esta parte del mercado del arte a la par que éste continúe creciendo.

Implicaciones prácticas

Los estudios de arte latinoamericano sugieren, similar a las investigaciones sobre otros segmentos del mercado del arte, que las obras de arte valen más, ceteris paribus: cuando el artista es más reputado, a medida que el área de las obras es mayor, si han sido ejecutadas en óleo, y cuando son subastadas en las casas de subastas Sotheby’s o Christie’s. En el trabajo se detallan, además, una serie de implicaciones prácticas para los participantes del mercado de arte.

Originalidad/valor

Hasta donde se ha podido comprobar, esta es la primera revisión exhaustiva acerca de los atributos del arte latinoamericano como inversión. Los resultados de esta investigación son de utilidad para: académicos, coleccionistas de arte, casas de subastas, galeristas, y demás participantes en el mercado del arte.

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 7 June 2021

Judith Vergara Garavito and Sergio J. Chión

This paper aims to examine the relationship between cash holdings (CH) and expected equity return in a sample of firms of Pacific alliance countries.

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the relationship between cash holdings (CH) and expected equity return in a sample of firms of Pacific alliance countries.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper constructed a panel of Pacific alliance firms for the period ranging from 2010 to 2016. This paper estimated different specification models using multivariate regression, and the statistical technique used to validate the hypothesis was panel data.

Findings

Results showed that there is a positive relationship between CH and expected equity return (r). The relationship between CH and systematic risk (ß) was estimated and this paper found a positive and statistically significant association. Findings suggest that corporate liquidity contains underlying information that contributes to explain the expected equity return, which, if ignored, can produce quite misleading results.

Originality/value

The results of this study have both academic and practical implications. First, the findings of the research contribute to a better understanding of the asset pricing models in emerging countries. On the other hand, the results obtained in this study can serve shareholders to make better estimations of the expected equity return, so investors can improve the risk-return trade-off due to the model allow a better estimation of the risk-return relation.

Details

Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science, vol. 26 no. 51
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2077-1886

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 20 August 2020

Ngo Thai Hung

This paper aims to investigate the dynamic linkage between stock prices and exchange rate changes for the Gulf Arab countries (Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates…

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the dynamic linkage between stock prices and exchange rate changes for the Gulf Arab countries (Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates [UAE]).

Design/methodology/approach

The author uses the Markov-switching autoregression to detect regime-shift behavior in the stock returns of the Gulf Arab countries and Markov-switching vector autoregressive (MS-VAR) model to capture the dynamic interrelatedness between exchange and stock returns over the period 2000–2018.

Findings

This study’s analysis finds evidence to support the persistence of two distinct regimes for all markets, namely, a low-volatility regime and a high-volatility regime. The low-volatility regime illustrates more persistence than the high-volatility regime. Specifically, exchange rate changes do not have an influence on the stock market returns of the Gulf Arab countries, regardless of the regimes. On the other hand, stock market returns have a substantial impact on exchange markets for all countries, except Saudi Arabia, and it is more noticeable during the regime of high volatility.

Practical implications

The findings shed light on the interconnectedness between two of the most important financial markets in the complex international financial environment. They are thus of particular interest for economic policymakers and portfolio investors.

Originality/value

The author distinguishes this study from previous studies in several ways. First, while previous empirical studies of the dynamic linkage between stock prices and foreign exchange markets are primarily devoted to developed markets or emerging markets, this study’s interest is concentrated on four Gulf Arab financial markets (Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and UAE). Second, unlike most investigations in the literature that only estimate this link for the whole period, this study attempts to estimate during the good and bad period by using a two-regime MS-VAR model. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study of the Gulf Arab countries on the stock and foreign exchange markets to apply this model.

Details

Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, vol. 11 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1759-0817

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 4 March 2014

Ekaterina Dorodnykh

This paper contains an empirical analysis of determinants of international integration projects over the time period 1995-2010. After a broad discussion of the existent…

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper contains an empirical analysis of determinants of international integration projects over the time period 1995-2010. After a broad discussion of the existent literature, the investigation combines a large number of potentially relevant determinants for the explanation of whether stock exchanges are participating in formal integration projects. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

The methodology is based on multistage statistical data analysis, using correlation and cluster analyses to investigate the presence of integration trend between existing stock exchange projects, while multivariable logit regression examines the determinants of stock exchange integration.

Findings

The paper confirms empirically the set of drivers of financial integration. Moreover, the paper provides quantitative estimations of probability of stock exchange integration estimated for different explanatory variables. The paper demonstrates that financial harmonization, cross-membership-agreements, for-profit corporate structure, trading engine and regional integration are important drivers of stock exchange integration. By contrast, high size of stock exchange market has negative impact on the likelihood of successful merger. This result is, especially, important in terms of financial regulation.

Practical implications

Results highlight the importance of stock exchange market in terms of exposure to systemic shocks and the linkages with the overall size of the economy.

Originality/value

The paper contributes to the existing literature and extends the analysis of determinants of stock exchange integration. In particular, the existence of de jure stock market integration projects suggests to design a special regulatory framework in order to benefit the important consequences of the integration phenomenon and to decrease the risk of financial contagion.

Details

Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 41 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3585

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 15 March 2021

Renato Garzón Jiménez and Ana Zorio-Grima

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) actions are expected to reduce information asymmetries and increase legitimacy among the stakeholders of the company, which consequently…

Abstract

Purpose

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) actions are expected to reduce information asymmetries and increase legitimacy among the stakeholders of the company, which consequently should have a positive impact on the financial conditions of the firm. Hence, the objective of this paper is to find empirical evidence on the negative relationship between sustainable behavior and the cost of equity, in the specific context of Latin America. To address this issue, some proxies and moderating variables for sustainability are used in our study.

Design/methodology/approach

The regression model considers a sample with 252 publicly trading firms and 2,772 firm-year observations, from 2008 to 2018. The generalized method of moments is used to avoid endogeneity problems.

Findings

The study finds evidence that firms with higher environmental, social and governance activities disclosed by sustainability reports and assured by external providers decrease their cost of equity, especially if they are in an integrated market as MILA. This finding confirms that agency conflicts between firm's management and stakeholders diminish with higher CSR transparency, leading to a lower cost of capital.

Originality/value

Our research is unique and valuable as, to our knowledge, it is the first study to analyze the impact of sustainable behavior and the cost of equity from companies operating in Latin America.

Propósito

Las actividades de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial permiten disminuir asimetrías de información e incrementar la legitimidad ante los stakeholders de una empresa, generando impactos positivos financieros para la misma. De hecho, el objetivo del artículo es medir la relación entre el comportamiento sostenible y el Costo de Capital en el contexto empresarial latinoamericano. Para ello, consideramos algunas variables proxy y moderadoras sustentables en nuestro estudio.

Diseño/Metodología/Enfoque

El modelo considera una muestra de 252 empresas cotizadas y 2772 observaciones que abarcan el período de 2008 a 2018. Se implementa el Modelo Generalizado de Momentos para evitar problemas de endogeneidad.

Resultados

Los autores evidencian que empresas con altos niveles de divulgación ambiental, social y gobernanza corporativa a través de reportes de sostenibilidad y asegurados por proveedores externos disminuyen el Costo de Capital, especialmente si cotizan en un mercado integrado como el MILA. Estos hallazgos confirman que se reduce la asimetría de información entre la gerencia y los stakeholders, dado que incrementa la transparencia mediante la Responsabilidad Social Corporativa y ello conduce a un menor Costo de Capital.

Originalidad/Valor

Nuestro estudio es único dado que, hasta la fecha, es el primer estudio que analiza el impacto de la divulgación voluntaria de RSE y Costo de Capital de empresas que operan en Latinoamérica.

Details

Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración, vol. 34 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1012-8255

Keywords

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