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The purpose of this paper is to study the homoclinic breather waves, rogue waves and multi-soliton waves of the (2 + 1)-dimensional Mel’nikov equation, which describes an interaction of long waves with short wave packets.

The author applies the Hirota’s bilinear method, extended homoclinic test approach and parameter limit method to construct the homoclinic breather waves and rogue waves of the (2 + 1)-dimensional Mel’nikov equation. Moreover, multi-soliton waves are constructed by using the three-wave method.

The results imply that the (2 + 1)-dimensional Mel’nikov equation has breather waves, rogue waves and multi-soliton waves. Moreover, the dynamic properties of such solutions are displayed vividly by figures.

This paper presents efficient methods to find breather waves, rogue waves and multi-soliton waves for nonlinear evolution equations.

The outcome suggests that the extreme behavior of the homoclinic breather waves yields the rogue waves. Moreover, the multi-soliton waves are constructed, including the new breather two-solitary and two-soliton solutions. Meanwhile, the dynamics of these solutions will greatly enrich the diversity of the dynamics of the (2 + 1)-dimensional Mel’nikov equation.

This paper aims to study the breather, lump-kink and interaction solutions of a (3 + 1)-dimensional generalized shallow water waves (GSWW) equation, which describes water waves propagating in the ocean or is used for simulating weather.

Hirota bilinear form and the direct method are used to construct breather and lump-kink solutions of the GSWW equation. The “rational-cosh-cos-type” test function is applied to obtain three kinds of interaction solutions.

The fusion and fission of the interaction solutions between a lump wave and a 1-kink soliton of the GSWW equation are studied. The dynamics of three kinds of interaction solutions between lump, kink and periodic waves are discussed graphically.

This paper studies the breather, lump-kink and interaction solutions of the GSWW equation by using various approaches and provides some phenomena that have not been studied.

The research in competitive facility location (CFL) is quite dynamic, both from a problem formulation and an algorithmic point of view. Research direction has changed immensely over the years to address various competitive challenges. This study aims to explore CFL literature to highlight these research trends, important issues and future research opportunities.

This study utilises the Scopus database to search for related CFL models and adopts a five-step systematic approach for the review process. The five steps involve (1) Article Identification and keyword selection, (2) Selection criteria, (3) Literature review, (4) Literature analysis and (5) Research studies.

The paper presents a comprehensive review of CFL modelling efforts from 1981 to 2021 to provide a depth study of the research evolution in this area. The published articles are classified based on multiple characteristics, including the type of problem, type of competition, game-theoretical approaches, customer behaviour, decision space, type of demand, number of facilities, capacity and budget limitations. The review also highlights the popular problem areas and dedicated research in the respective domain. In addition, a second classification is also provided based on solution methods adopted to solve various CFL models and real-world case studies.

The paper covers 40 years of CFL literature from the perspective of the problem area, CFL characteristics and the solution approach. Additionally, it introduces characteristics such as capacity limit and budget constraint for the first time for classification purposes.

The purpose of this paper is to understand the effect of airflow dynamics on vortices for different flow rates using the human nose three-dimensional model.

Olfaction originates with air particles travelling from an external environment to the upper segment of the human nose. This phenomenon is generally understood by using the nasal airflow dynamics, which enhances the olfaction by creating the vortices in the human nose. An anatomical three-dimensional model of the human nasal cavity from computed tomography (CT) scan images using the MIMICS software (Materialise, USA) was developed in this study. Grid independence test was performed through volume flow rate, pressure drop from nostrils and septum and average velocity near the nasal valve region using a four computational mesh model. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to examine the flow pattern and influence of airflow dynamics on vortices in the nasal cavity. Numerical simulations were conducted for the flow rates of 7.5, 10, 15 and 20 L/min using numerical finite volume methods.

At coronal cross-sections, dissimilar nasal airflow patterns were observed for 7.5, 10, 15 and 20 L/min rate of fluid flow in the human nasal cavity. Vortices that are found at the boundaries with minimum velocity creates deceleration zone in the nose vestibule region, which is accompanied by flow segregation. Maximum vortices were observed in the nasal valve region and the posterior end of the turbinate region, which involves mixing and recirculation and is responsible for enhancing the smelling process.

The proposed analysis is applicable to design the sensor chamber for electronic noses.

In this paper, the influence of airflow dynamics on vortices in the human nasal cavity is discussed through numerical simulations.

Information about the former and current status of many scientific journals is summarized.

Newly‐created journals (sometimes based on old ones), cessation of issues, journals incorporated into others, merged and split journals are mentioned. Information about a large number of scientific publishers (publishing houses, scientific institutions and organizations, educational institutions, societies, associations, federations, unions and companies) which make a significant contribution to printed and electronic output are noted. The web addresses of electronic libraries, information networks, search systems, databases and catalogs of natural‐scientific literature are collected.

It behoves scientists, who profess to disseminate scientific knowledge, to avail themselves of the myriad information sources on offer.

This is possibly the first attempt to embrace comprehensively and in minute detail the vast field of information on the sources of contemporary sciences and their representative bodies.

Yarns of different types are unwound from bobbins in different processes like warping, weaving, doubling and re-winding. It is required that yarn tension remains constant during unwinding in all these processes. Otherwise, it ends with product quality and process efficiency problems. The purpose of this paper is to investigate experimentally the effect of balloon length on yarn tension change with respect to bobbin diameter during unwinding in an attempt to obtain a minimum yarn tension variation.

An experimental set up was built. Bobbin diameter was measured by a laser sensor and yarn tension was measured by a single yarn tension sensor. Both sensor outputs were interfaced to a PC via a DAQ cad. A software program was developed in C programming language to read and record the tension and bobbin diameter simultaneously. Experimental study was conducted with three different balloon lengths for both continuous filament and spun yarns of four different yarn numbers and five different unwinding speeds.

Results showed that yarn tension change with bobbin diameter was affected in different ways with balloon length depending on yarn number, unwinding speed and yarn type.

Available literature on the effect of balloon length on yarn tension bobbin diameter relation is limited and measurements were generally conducted for three different bobbin diameters. Yarn tension bobbin diameter relation is obtained in this research for at least eight different diameters and more for three different balloon lengths covering practical application ranges. The results obtained can be used in the design of tension control system for warping and winding machines as well as for setting these machines for optimum efficiency.