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Examines the background to TQM, principally from the perspective of the Deming method. Closes with a brief comment about the application of TQM in McDonnell’s home territory of Australia – a topic which will be pursued in greater detail in a subsequent article.

Aerospatiale has signed with the Togo an agreement for the supply to the Togolese Air Force of three Epsilon training aircraft with armament capability.

A convincing demonstration of the Garrett‐engined Skyvan S.T.O.L. capability was given recently when it was operated from a grass strip at Bottle Farm, Charing, owned by Mr James Hay Stevens, a former Technical Editor of AIRCRAFT ENGINEERING. The Bottle Farm strip is only 1,200 ft. long and 60 ft. wide, so that the Skyvan found it necessary to use reverse thrust when turning on the ground. In spite of a fresh cross wind, the Skyvan had no trouble in operating from the strip and landing in little over half its length.

This is the second in a series of three articles describing the automation system, based on McDonnell Douglas' URICA package used in the Department of Printed Books at the National Library of Wales. A description of the Cataloguing Module is given, including developments to respond to changing working practices and problems inherent in the original system design. The Retrospective Record Conversion procedures are described and the likely impact of CD‐ROM technology is recognised. Finally the Enquiry/Public Access and Circulation modules are described giving short‐comings of the existing system and suggested ways to improve the facilities in the future.

We investigate the social and legal blame that investors assign to auditors following unfavorable outcomes using the precision of accounting guidance described as principles-based (i.e., less-precise) or rules-based (i.e., more precise), and why investors assign blame at differing levels. We also examine how the precision of accounting guidance is related to perceptions of auditors’ ethical characteristics. We posit that blame assigned to auditors differs based on auditors’ perceived decision-making control. Results indicate a significant association between the precision of accounting guidance and social blame, and a positive association between social blame and legal blame under standards described as less-precise. Investors are also more likely to make negative evaluations of the auditor’s ethical characteristics under less-precise accounting following an unfavorable outcome, which helps explain the association between social and legal blame. Our findings suggest that auditors could face additional blame as a result of a trend toward less-precise accounting guidance, with investors being more likely to question the auditors’ ethical characteristics following unfavorable outcomes.

The Howard Shuttering Contractors case throws considerable light on the importance which the tribunals attach to warnings before dismissing an employee. In this case the tribunal took great pains to interpret the intention of the parties to the different site agreements, and it came to the conclusion that the agreed procedure was not followed. One other matter, which must be particularly noted by employers, is that where a final warning is required, this final warning must be “a warning”, and not the actual dismissal. So that where, for example, three warnings are to be given, the third must be a “warning”. It is after the employee has misconducted himself thereafter that the employer may dismiss.

In Guangzhou, the largest city in southern China, car ownership is increasing beyond the capacity of the road system. This leaves streets gridlocked and parking facilities inaccessible, thus under-utilized. At the same time, Guangzhou's zoning code calls for additional off-site parking which is likely to encumber development. This chapter documents and discusses policies in Guangzhou that affect and are affected by parking and how they relate to City goals.

The chapter explores the relationship between three interrelated topics: (1) today’s parking policies in Guangzhou, regulated by a variety of municipal agencies, (2) case studies of two large developments and their respective parking supplies and demands, and (3) city goals and objectives.

There is opportunity for Guangzhou to implement strategies to manage its parking supply relative to its roadway capacity, plus integrate its parking policies to the overall transportation system.

Emerging cities can learn from other’s experiences. Parking supply affects the decisions people make about how they will travel and this in turn affects congestion, air quality and quality of life. Using smart parking regulations means an end to inadvertently fostering dependency on the car and the start of creating sustainable communities.

The value of the chapter comes from the way it builds from existing evidence to further understand the challenges of an emerging, fast-growing city.

The purpose of this paper is to explore literary festivals in Ireland and gain an understanding of the vision and strategic approaches of the stakeholders involved in their development and management.

This qualitative research study explores literary festivals in terms of how these are managed and developed, as well as the experiences offered, from a supply-side perspective. The research and data collection instruments include bibliographic research and a series of in-depth interviews.

The strategic vision and approaches of the founders and directors are critical to the success of literary festivals. The findings of this study provide insights into the stages of festival professionalization, as it explores the development and management of six literary festivals in Ireland.

This study is essentially exploratory in nature. This topic is under-represented in the literature and there is potential to extend this research into a more extensive study of literary festivals from the perspective of key stakeholders. This study was limited by the challenges and uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the festival and events industry.

Against a backdrop of increasing numbers and popularity of literary festivals and related events in Ireland, this study could influence the development and promotion of this sector. Furthermore, the findings identify strategies adopted by festival founders and managers, and this is likely to be of interest to stakeholders at national and international levels.

Even though literary festivals have proliferated in Ireland over the past 20 years, there is a dearth of academic research in this area. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study exploring a range of literary festivals in Ireland. The research focuses on literary festivals from a “supply” rather than “demand” perspective. Moreover, it discusses the evolution and development of literary festivals as well as the vision of the key stakeholders involved in their management.