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Article
Publication date: 4 February 2019

William D. Schneper, David A. Wernick and Mary Ann Von Glinow

Abstract

Details

The Learning Organization, vol. 26 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0969-6474

Article
Publication date: 11 September 2017

Kowoon Kim and Mary Ann Von Glinow

The purpose of this paper is to add to the understanding of the international work experiences of lesbian and gay self-initiated expatriates (SIEs) with a particular focus on the…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to add to the understanding of the international work experiences of lesbian and gay self-initiated expatriates (SIEs) with a particular focus on the effects of different contexts on their disclosure decisions. In doing so, this study responds to the call for more empirical and extensive studies of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) expatriates.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is based on in-depth analysis of four interviews of lesbian and gay SIEs.

Findings

The findings presented in this paper support three contextual determinants – personal, organizational, and country-level context. These contextual determinants significantly influence lesbian and gay SIEs’ disclosure decisions and their overall international work experience.

Originality/value

Given the rapid globalization and dynamic business environment, workforce diversity has become a business imperative over the past few decades. Diversity in today’s workforce includes not simply gender and racial diversity, but also age, culture, sexual orientation, religion, education, and disabilities as primary categories of diversity. Moreover, new technologies require highly skilled labor the world over, exacerbating existing global talent shortages. These advancements in technology, accompanied by massive shortfalls in skilled labor, have expanded the pool of potential expatriates to include those non-traditional ones who have been excluded from international assignments. Particularly, as LGBT rights to equal employment opportunity and their potential contributions to international assignments have been increasingly recognized worldwide in recent years, attention to LGBT expatriates has grown exponentially. Nevertheless, neither their experiences as lesbian and gay SIEs in international assignments nor the effects of contexts on those experiences, including disclosure decisions, have yet to be fully explored. In this sense, this paper provides a contribution to the deeper understanding of lesbian and gay SIEs in multidimensional contexts of an international assignment. Although the study examined lesbian and gay expatriates, results suggest insights into the entire LGBT expatriate community.

Details

Journal of Global Mobility, vol. 5 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2049-8799

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 February 1988

Janet Fulk, Everett M. Rogers and Mary Ann Von Glinow

The fundamental premises of three different models of diffusion of new technologies are described; the similarities and differences in prediction which are derivable from the…

Abstract

The fundamental premises of three different models of diffusion of new technologies are described; the similarities and differences in prediction which are derivable from the three perspectives are highlighted. These perspectives include (1) diffusion of innovation; (2) technology transfer; and (3) critical mass theory. The article examines these predictions within the context of the unique social, cultural and political environments of developing countries. To illustrate the results of this approach, these theories are applied retrospectively to three technologies introduced into developing countries. They differentially explain diffusion and the subsequent use of these technologies. Implications for change management and technology policy are presented and future research is suggested.

Details

Journal of Organizational Change Management, vol. 1 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0953-4814

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 March 2001

Swee C. Goh

This paper proposes a framework for understanding the concept of a learning organization from a normative perspective. A questionnaire was developed to operationally measure the…

Abstract

This paper proposes a framework for understanding the concept of a learning organization from a normative perspective. A questionnaire was developed to operationally measure the described management practice attributes of a learning organization. Using a sample of four organizations and 612 subjects, support was found for three a priori predictive hypotheses derived from a conceptual framework. Implications of the results and further empirical research are discussed, especially for linking learning organization attributes to performance using larger samples and multiple measures.

Details

International Journal of Organization Theory & Behavior, vol. 4 no. 3/4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1093-4537

Article
Publication date: 1 February 1988

Michael Finney and Mary Ann Von Glinow

The emerging global economic environment has produced a new and critical human resource demand, one that will become even more important in the decades ahead — the international…

Abstract

The emerging global economic environment has produced a new and critical human resource demand, one that will become even more important in the decades ahead — the international manager. At present, two primary international training approaches exist: organisational and academic. Differences between the two are indicated, and an attempt is made to show how both are necessary, but not in themselves sufficient, in developing the international manager of tomorrow.

Details

Journal of Management Development, vol. 7 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0262-1711

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 November 1995

Y. Paul Huo and Mary Ann Von Glinow

Argues that, whether referring to economic or bounded rationality,the notion of rationality is meaningful only in a specific culturalcontext. Proposes, by analogy, a…

6667

Abstract

Argues that, whether referring to economic or bounded rationality, the notion of rationality is meaningful only in a specific cultural context. Proposes, by analogy, a culture‐driven approach for rationally managing the human resource function in a global environment. Shows how culture provides additional explanatory power for human resource management (HRM) practices – beyond what is a accounted for by political or economic structures – by comparing the USA with one of its major trading partners, Taiwan and with the People′s Republic of China (PRC), a country with which the USA has had a rather checkered relationship, on their commonly‐used practices of selection, reward systems, performance appraisal and participative management. Makes suggestions on how to reconcile cultural differences in transplanting HRM practices to China.

Details

International Journal of Manpower, vol. 16 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-7720

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 May 1998

John Milliman and Mary Ann Von Glinow

Recently there has been a significant increase in the number of academic international research teams (AIRTs) which are conducting large scale cross‐national research studies…

923

Abstract

Recently there has been a significant increase in the number of academic international research teams (AIRTs) which are conducting large scale cross‐national research studies. These efforts hold much potential to advance international comparative research. However, there are a number of issues associated with these studies that rarely occur in other research efforts. The purpose of this manuscript is to articulate a number of these issues which can be categorized into two main groups, research methodology and publishing. Research methodology issues include the comparability and matching of samples, the timing of data collection, and the comparability of research instruments. Publishing issues include manuscript length, the timing of publications, and cross‐cultural authorship issues. It is essential that these issues are addressed if the field is to reap the full benefits of these large cross‐national studies.

Details

Journal of Managerial Psychology, vol. 13 no. 3/4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0268-3946

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 May 1998

John Milliman and Mary Ann Von Glinow

The number of academic international research teams (AIRTs) is rapidly increasing. While AIRTs are essential to addressing complex international research issues they can also…

487

Abstract

The number of academic international research teams (AIRTs) is rapidly increasing. While AIRTs are essential to addressing complex international research issues they can also often involve a large number of challenging issues. Like corporate international teams, AIRTs must face the challenge of cross‐national differences including large distances, multiple languages, and numerous cultural values. In addition, they must deal with a number of unique issues involving the abstract nature of an intellectual endeavor, differences in academic career motivations and discipline fields, and the necessity of often completing projects on scarce resources. This manuscript reviews five articles which tackle the complexity of AIRTs. In doing so we seek to bring out the most interesting observations as well as the most important recommendations for how to tackle these challenges in future AIRTs.

Details

Journal of Managerial Psychology, vol. 13 no. 3/4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0268-3946

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 3 August 2015

G. Ronald Gilbert and Mary Ann Von Glinow

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of diffusional pressures as they relate to organizational performance (OP) across public, private, and not-for-profit sectors…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of diffusional pressures as they relate to organizational performance (OP) across public, private, and not-for-profit sectors in two different national contexts.

Design/methodology/approach

A review is conducted of institutional forces in the environment of two nations; one highly developed and the other developing to identify isomorphic pressures in each of the countries. An organizational performance assessment (OPA) tool is used to analyze the differences in the performance of the three sectors in the two national contexts identified. The research relies on Pearson correlation, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and MANCOVA statistical applications to validate the assessment instrument and shed light on differences across nations and sectors that can be attributed to organizational diffusion as a result of institutional pressures that exist in the countries in which the organizations are embedded.

Findings

The findings indicate there is greater need to adapt to local ways of doing things when working cross-nationally within developing countries than with those that are developed where management practices are more alike than dissimilar. The results of the study suggest that when managing organizations cross-nationally, in the more developed nations organizations will perform more effectively and more alike than when working with organizations in less developed countries where the conditions for the diffusion of organizational practices are weaker.

Research limitations/implications

The research focussed on two countries for comparative purposes. Due to sampling limitations, the findings are more relevant to the sectors the authors studied within countries than between the countries per se. It is recommended further research be conducted using larger samples across many national cultures. While relying on broad societal institutional dynamics, the study design does not permit the analysis of the effects of specific contextual characteristics on OP. Such an undertaking is undoubtedly a “next step” that the authors recommend.

Practical implications

The extant literature finds that managing systems cross-nationally requires adaptation to local national contexts. Where there is less economic and technological development, less opportunity for free market competition (capitalism), educational opportunities, and shared standards from which the performance of organizations are judged, the more unlikely organizations will employ commonly applied management practices. A new tool is introduced that can be used to further research on OP cross-nationally.

Originality/value

The study provides empirical evidence to demonstrate that in nations where stronger diffusional pressures exist, fewer differences will be found among the performance of the three sectors. Additionally, the effectiveness of organizations in these national contexts will be greater. While research among the three sectors has identified performance differences, such differences are less likely to be discernible in developed nations due to isomorphic pressures. The study is especially relevant to those who manage global organizations cross-nationally. It introduces a new tool to measure OP across national boundaries.

Details

Cross Cultural Management, vol. 22 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1352-7606

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 May 1993

Theresa M. Maguire and Brian H. Kleiner

Traditionally, the woman's place, according to society, has been in the home, as mother and homemaker. The workforce has largely been dominated by a long established male entity…

Abstract

Traditionally, the woman's place, according to society, has been in the home, as mother and homemaker. The workforce has largely been dominated by a long established male entity. With the advent of women's liberation, equal rights and changes in the family structure, more women have either been forced or opted to join the labour pool. In 1950 only 22% of adult American women held jobs, as compared to 55% in 1985.(8, p.1) The US Bureau of Census is estimating that 60% of the female adult population will be working by the year 1995.(8, p.1)

Details

Equal Opportunities International, vol. 12 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0261-0159

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