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This qualitative study, which is based on multiple cases, aims to analyze the pattern of acquisitions by Brazilian multinationals, such as Gerdau in the steel industry, Petrobrás in the oil and gas industry and Vale in the mining industry, to infer the likely knowledge motivations underlying the acquisitions of these firms.

The analyses of the three cases, with secondary data collected for the period from 2003 to 2007, classify the acquisitions according to the extent of the exploration or exploitation of resources and in two dimensions: business knowledge and location knowledge, in accordance with Ferreira’s (2005) model based on March (1991) and Chandler (1962).

The findings showed that the acquisitions by Gerdau, Petrobrás and Vale favored the exploitation of their resources and capabilities developed in the home market more than the exploration of new resources and capabilities. Regarding the ownership acquired, this study failed to observe the likely expected pattern of acquiring a majority stake for sustaining an exploitation strategy or a minority stake for sustaining an exploration strategy.

This study makes three contributions. First, the need to analyze the potential gains of new knowledge acquisition in domestic and cross-border expansion. Second, considering the opportunity to explore new resources and knowledge even for firms in commodity industries. Third, considering how the equity held is a structural solution that needs to be adjusted to the knowledge strategy.

Using an institution-based view, this study aims to conceptualize how sub-national institutional characteristics are likely to explain location choice of multinationals’ research and development (R&D) subsidiaries.

In a conceptual paper, this study explores specific institutional facets of the regional environments within a country that are capable of explaining, at least in part, the location choices of multinational corporations’ R&D subsidiaries.

This study thus explores the more nuanced influences of the institutional environments at a subnational level and develops propositions to explain location choices based on the differences of the institutional environments.

This study contributes to international business theory by incorporating a location-specific analysis that contrasts to the usual country-level observation on the determinants of firms’ location decisions.

The purpose of this paper is to focus on the pre-acquisition process and, specifically, how the complexity involved in the transaction may drive the temporal gap between the formal announcement and the completion of the deal. The authors emphasize the time (in days) between announcement and completion.

The empirical setting consists of the cross-border acquisitions (CBAs) of Brazilian firms by multinational corporations announced between 2008 and 2012. Using a sample of 741 acquisitions, the authors examine how institutional (cultural and regulatory) and technological complexity and the predictable mitigating effect of prior acquisition experience in Brazil all impact on the time needed for evaluating the target and negotiating.

The results show that these complexity factors do matter for hastening the process and that recent experience with acquisitions in Brazil shortens the time needed to completion.

This study contributes to the literature on the acquisition process and the uncertainty and complexity factors in CBA in an emerging economy.

This study aims to investigate the influence of resource slack on the decline of Brazilian companies, with a particular focus on the moderating role of environmental dynamism. The authors specifically examine three types of resource slack: available, potential and recoverable. These represent surplus resources that exceed what is necessary for the organization’s basic operations. The role of environmental dynamism, characterized by rapid changes in customer preferences, technologies and competitive dynamics, is considered as a moderating factor in this relationship.

The authors used data from Brazilian companies spanning from 1997 to 2008. The research sample was composed using the matching-pairs method, which included a group of publicly traded companies that experienced decline (43 companies) and a group that did not (40 companies) within the specified timeframe.

Findings of this study indicate that the presence of available slack, being more liquid resources, decreases the likelihood of organizational decline. Furthermore, the moderation effect of potential resource slack can mitigate decline in companies operating in dynamic industries.

This research provides valuable insights into the impact of slack resources on potential organizational turnarounds. Given the relative scarcity of resources in these companies compared to those in developed countries, whether they be financial, human or technological, the study highlights the unique influence of slack in a less explored institutional environment. This research underscores the importance of examining the decline of Brazilian companies from a broader perspective, emphasizing that decisions regarding resource use can have significant implications on a company’s trajectory, either amplifying or mitigating its decline.

¿Cuál es el impacto del slack de recursos en el declive de grandes empresas brasileñas? Para responder a esta pregunta, hemos probado hipótesis por separado para tres tipos de salck de recursos: disponible, potencial y recuperable. Estos excedentes consisten en recursos en exceso más allá de lo necesario para mantener la organización funcionando.

Desarrollamos un estudio empírico cuantitativo y longitudinal con datos de empresas brasileñas de 1997 a 2008. Adoptamos el método de pares emparejados, componiendo la muestra de investigación con un grupo de empresas cotizadas en bolsa que declinaron (43 empresas) y otro que no declinó (40 empresas) en el período de tiempo.

Encontramos que la disponibilidad de recursos más líquidos reduce la posibilidad de declive. El efecto de moderación en el slack de recursos potenciales para empresas en industrias dinámicas puede mitigar el declive.

Esta investigación contribuye a una mejor comprensión del efecto del excedente en posibles recuperaciones. Extender los estudios de recursos excedentes al contexto de empresas brasileñas mostró la influencia que el excedente ejerce en un ambiente institucional relativamente menos explorado. Ya sea financiero, humano o tecnológico, la escasez de recursos es más pronunciada que en empresas de países desarrollados. Esta investigación llama la atención sobre el hecho de que la declinación de empresas brasileñas se analiza desde una perspectiva más amplia. Las decisiones sobre cómo la empresa usa sus recursos pueden afectar positiva o negativamente la declinación de las empresas, reforzando la importancia de discutir esta relación.

A Qual é o impacto da folga de recursos no declínio de grandes empresas brasileiras? Para responder a essa pergunta, testamos hipóteses separadamente para três tipos de folga de recursos: disponível, potencial e recuperável. Essas folgas consistem em recursos além do necessário para manter a organização funcionando.

Desenvolvemos um estudo empírico quantitativo e longitudinal com dados de empresas brasileiras de 1997 a 2008. Adotamos o método de pares combinados, compondo a amostra de pesquisa com um grupo de empresas de capital aberto que declinaram (43 empresas) e outro que não declinou (40 empresas) no período.

Descobrimos que a disponibilidade de recursos mais líquidos reduz a possibilidade de declínio. O efeito moderador na folga de recursos potenciais para empresas em indústrias dinâmicas pode mitigar o declínio.

Esta pesquisa contribui para uma melhor compreensão do efeito da folga sobre possíveis recuperações. A extensão dos estudos de folgas de recursos para o contexto de empresas brasileiras mostrou a influência que a folga exerce em um ambiente institucional relativamente menos explorado. Seja financeiro, humano ou tecnológico, a escassez de recursos é mais pronunciada do que em empresas de países desenvolvidos. Esta pesquisa chama a atenção para o fato de que o declínio de empresas brasileiras é analisado sob uma perspectiva mais ampla. Decisões sobre como a empresa usa seus recursos podem afetar positiva ou negativamente o declínio das empresas, reforçando a importância de discutir essa relação.

The authors investigated how emotional intelligence (EI) affects the relationship between project managers' (PMgs) expertise and experience and project success for both the team and client.

This study collected 290 valid responses from IT project managers. The results were analyzed using an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression, with Process v4.0 procedure and the Johnson-Neyman (JN) technique to assess the moderating effect of the level of EI.

Results showed that moderate levels of EI can enhance the impact of PMgs' experience on the project client, while higher levels of EI are necessary to positively impact the team. Moderate levels of EI can improve PMgs' expertise impact on the project team, increasing their effectiveness in interactions with clients and other stakeholders.

It is recommended to consider emotional intelligence alongside technical skills when selecting project managers to address emotional labor, stress, stakeholder management and agility. Providing EI training and experiential learning opportunities internally can improve project managers' emotional intelligence.

This study contributes to the literature on emotional intelligence and project management, highlighting the relationship between technical skills and emotional intelligence levels of PMgs. This research emphasizes the significance of experience and EI in project management, particularly in overseeing complex projects. Additionally, moderate levels of EI enhance PMgs' effectiveness in engaging with stakeholders closely involved in projects.

Some sports organizations have a strategic objective of promoting human and social development through sports. However, it can be challenging to ensure that these objectives, conveyed by the board, are fully internalized by the athletes. From the perspective of inter-organizational networks, this dissemination can occur through strategic alignment and diffusion of social capital. Therefore, the authors wanted to analyze if organizational policies from sports organizations are related to athletes' perception of social capital and strategic alignment.

The authors conducted a sequential mixed-method research. Firstly, a pilot study was conducted with two exploratory interviews with key informants from a sports organization, supported by documentary data from this organization. A thematic content analysis was carried out to identify relevant categories and subcategories to prepare a quantitative research instrument. In the second phase, a questionnaire was applied to 159 student-athletes from this organization. The collected data were analyzed by multiple linear regression.

From the pilot study, a set of five elements of strategic alignment, and three elements of social capital in the sports organization context were provided. In the quantitative phase, the authors identified that social capital is related to athletes' perception of shared values internalization in a sports organization, but strategic systems were not.

Sports managers could better promote internal policies if there is social capital among athletes rather than implementing top-down deployed communications.

Policymakers could better predict the effectiveness of a foment request by sports organizations considering not only strategic systems communication deployment but also the existence of social capital in a sports organization. It is a broader mechanism to understand the capacity of a sports organization in disseminating good values among their members.

Different from traditional companies, in sports organizations, only social capital is related to the internalization of organizational policy by athletes rather than strategic alignment initiatives.

This paper aims to conduct a bibliometric study on e-government research, with special concern over finding bases on which electronic government studies are constructed.

This paper is a bibliometric study using citation, co-citation and bibliometric coupling analysis, applied to 161 selected articles published in 37 top journals in public administration.

The paper presents existing knowledge on e-government research and provides a categorization in terms of research subfields. The 40 top-cited works were classified into three subfields of intellectual influence: models and evolution; implementation factors; and adoption constraints. In total, 63 works were classified into three subfields of mainstream research: adoption (contextual and technological factors); evolution status and implementation; and social capital. The paper presents gaps in research streams.

Because of the chosen research approach, this study has limitations that are inherent to bibliometric studies, such as the selection of journals and keywords. This work helps e-government students and researchers to understand the mainstream research of the field, presents the references on each stream and, in addition, provides information to public policy makers. Findings from this study can contribute to theory building in e-government research.

This study may provide support to government institutions to assess the allocation of public resources for research.

The paper fulfils an identified need to examine the intellectual foundations and mainstream research in the field of e-government, unlike other reviews. The paper makes a methodological contribution by integrating co-citation and bibliographic coupling in mapping knowledge.

Realizar uma bibliometria sobre pesquisa em e-government, com especial preocupação em encontrar as bases sobre as quais estudos são construídos.

Bibliometria utilizando análise de citação, cocitação e pareamento bibliográfico, aplicado a 161 artigos selecionados publicados em 37 periódicos de ponta em administração pública.

Apresentar o conhecimento existente sobre pesquisa em e-government e fornecer uma categorização de subcampos de pesquisa acadêmica. Os 40 trabalhos mais citados foram classificados em três subcampos: Modelos e Evolução, Fatores de Implementação e Restrições de Adoção. 63 trabalhos foram classificados em três subcampos: Adoção (Fatores Contextuais e Tecnológicos), Status de Evolução e Implementação, e Capital Social.

Devido à abordagem de pesquisa escolhida, este estudo apresenta limitações inerentes aos estudos bibliométricos, como a seleção de periódicos e palavras-chave. Este trabalho auxilia estudantes e pesquisadores do e-government a entender as principais vertentes de pesquisas da área, apresenta as principais referências e, além disso, fornece subsídios aos formadores de políticas públicas. Os resultados deste estudo podem contribuir para a formação da teoria na pesquisa em e-government.

Este estudo pode fornecer suporte a instituições governamentais para avaliar a alocação de recursos públicos para pesquisa.

O documento preenche lacuna identificada em examinar a base intelectual e a pesquisa predominante no campo do e-government. O artigo faz uma contribuição metodológica ao integrar cocitação e pareamento bibliográfico.

Palavras-chave - e-government, Administração pública, Estudo bibliométrico, Análise de cocitação, Pareamento bibliográfico

Artículo de investigación

Realizar una bibliometria sobre la investigación del e-government, con especial preocupación por encontrar las bases sobre las cuales se construyen los estudios del e-government.

Bibliométrica mediante citas, co-citas y análisis de emparejamiento bibliométrico, aplicado a 161 artículos seleccionados en las 37 revistas académicas centrales sobre administración pública.

Presente el conocimiento existente sobre e-government y proporcione una categorización en términos de subcampos de investigación. Las 40 obras más citadas se clasificaron en tres subcampos: Modelos y Evolución, Factores de Implementación y Restricciones de Adopción. 63 trabajos se clasificaron en tres subcampos de investigación general: adopción (factores contextuales y tecnológicos), estado e implementación de la evolución y capital social. El artículo presenta lagunas en las corrientes de investigación.

Debido al enfoque de investigación elegido, este estudio tiene limitaciones inherentes a los trabajos bibliometricos, tales como la selección de revistas y palabras clave. Este trabajo ayuda a los estudiantes e investigadores de e-government a comprender la investigación en este campo, presenta las referencias en cada línea y, además, proporciona información a los responsables de la política pública. Los hallazgos de este estudio pueden contribuir a la construcción de teorías en la investigación del e-government.

Este estudio puede brindar apoyo a las instituciones gubernamentales a la hora de evaluar la asignación de recursos públicos para la investigación.

El documento cumple con una necesidad identificada de examinar los fundamentos intelectuales y la investigación general en el campo del e-government. El artículo hace una contribución metodológica al integrar la co-cita y el emparejamiento bibliográfico.

Palabras clave - E-government; Administración pública, Estudio bibliométrico, Análisis de co-citas, Pareamento bibliográfico.

revisión de literatura

This study aims to investigate how firms' perceived level of corruption moderates the relationship between Research and Development (R&D) investments and firms' financial performance.

The study has used dynamic panel data for local private and public firms from Latin American countries (Brazil, Chile, Mexico and Peru) during 2012–2019. The unbalanced panel was estimated using generalized method of moments (GMM) and instrumental variables (IVs) to account for endogeneity issues.

The results showed that corruption has a direct and positive effect on firms' financial performance. Moreover, while firms' financial performance increases in the presence of corruption, the authors' findings suggest that corruption negatively moderates the relationship between R&D investments and firms' financial performance. This finding exposes the debate “grease the wheels” once corruption appears to work much more like sand than grease on more innovative firms. Finally, the authors observed a negative effect of long-term R&D investments on firms' performance, indicating that high levels of corruption harm even more long-term innovative activities.

The authors have delimited the scope to firms from four Latin American countries, and thus, the generalization to other countries, from Latin America or other emerging countries, needs to be made with caution. Furthermore, the authors used the corruption perception index (CPI) to assess the extent of corruption and, apparently, using a single measure may limit the understanding. Future research may deepen the authors' comprehension by exploring the effects of the different practices or types of corruption.

The authors' findings have challenging policy implications denoting policymakers need to prioritize the institutional quality to reduce corruption and foster firms' R&D investments.

The paper has adopted a unique firm-level dataset from an underresearched region. This enriches a long-standing debate by providing new insights of corruption effects in Latin America. Therefore, the authors provided new evidence of the moderating relationship between corruption and R&D investments on more innovative firms' performance.

Doctoral programs are primarily intended to train new professors and researchers to take positions requiring research competency. This paper aims to observe the scientific production of 734 Brazilian new PhDs in management and the possible link between the scientific output of the graduates and doctoral program rank.

Methodologically, the authors built a database collecting the journal publications of the first six years after doctoral degree of all PhDs in management graduated by Brazilian doctoral programs during the period of 1998-2008. The authors use cluster and descriptive analysis to explore PhD publication.

Results show a great disparity of productivity, where 10 per cent of all new PhDs account for most of the Brazilian research productivity, while most of the PhDs have a very low performance – and that the CAPES (the Brazilian institutional system) qualification of doctoral programs is not a good predictor of the performance of the future graduates. Results are discussed to understand this productivity gap among researchers in a context of a developing country where support institutions are working to improve quantity and quality of publication.

The results are useful for recruiters that need to decide between hiring new PhDs with low productivity graduated from high-ranked programs or new PhDs with high productivity from programs with more modest ranking. At least in part, the authors’ results question the real impact that the doctoral program’s prestige has on the performance of its graduates.

There are implications for the future candidates to a management PhD program, for the Directors of these programs and for the institutional agencies that regulate and promote science and that establish the prevailing rules and norms that researchers and institutions follow.

The results are adamant in pointing out that there is a small group of highly productive new PhDs – that the authors called “stars”. Generally speaking, they may find these “star” new PhDs in several doctoral programs. They have also found that some of the new PhDs have a relatively higher level of international papers published, but not necessarily a larger volume of publications. Meanwhile, most PhDs present a very low level of performance. This has important contributions to the way they perceive the doctoral education in management, especially in Ibero-America, revealing insights about the quality of PhDs and PhD courses.

This paper discusses national differences in the interpretation of time in mixed motive decision contexts, such as negotiation. Specifically, we consider how members of different national cultures (Portugal, Turkey, and the United States) experience temporality in these situations. We argue that cultural temporality such as polychronicity, future orientation, and uncertainty avoidance form part of a broader national environment. The national environment is also expressed in national stability factors such as legal systems, family ties, and homogeneity of populations. We propose that temporality and stability aspects of national environment determine negotiation paradigms, which subsequently influence temporality in negotiations. We conclude by suggesting that inclusion of complex and interdependent national environment factors in the study of negotiation has the potential to substantially advance our understanding of mixed motive decision situations.