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The purpose of this research is to investigate the factors affecting the adoption of the e‐learning system (ELS) in mandatory and voluntary settings, through an extension of the technology acceptance model (TAM).

Regression analysis was used to observe the associations of proposed constructs.

The results of the study confirm the original TAM findings. In mandatory settings, students would only intend to use the ELS. Computer self‐efficacy demonstrated significant influence on perceived ease of use. Effects of course attributes on perceived usefulness were negatively significant. Effects of content quality on perceived usefulness were significant. This study found that the effects of subjective norm significantly influenced perceived usefulness in both settings. Also, perceived network externality exerts a significant direct effect on usage intentions, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use. This research implied that, first of all, mandatory usage is necessary for overall adoption of the ELS. The ELS should be developed to target changes in perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived network externality. Practical alternatives included enhancing content quality, developing a simple and easy‐to‐use system, and enhancing students' computer self‐efficacy. Secondly, perceived network externality was important in ELS adoption. That is, promotion of the system should emphasise the popularity of the system and future ELS products and services in order to create bandwagon effects.

These findings suggested an extended model of TAM for the ELS. This research advances theory and contributes to the foundation for future research aimed at improving our understanding of students' adoption behaviour of the e‐learning system.

The purpose of this research is to explore and explain education management information system (EMIS) post-adoption in the context of mandatory settings, focusing on perceived benefits and individual and institutional post-adoption usage.

To fulfill the research objectives, the study proposes a conceptual model grounded in the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework. Data for model validation were obtained via a questionnaire and were collected from 144 teachers in public primary schools in the Republic of North Macedonia. For statistical analysis, PLS-SEM was used.

Based on the conducted statistical analysis, it is found that in mandatory environments, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, compatibility, complexity and governmental support are the factors that have indirect effects on the post-adoption usage, and only the factors, technological knowledge and external information and communication technology (ICT) support, have direct effects on the post-adoption usage. The individual post-adoption usage in mandatory settings depends on whether benefits are perceived in the course of EMIS usage; they become a central factor due to the accumulated knowledge and experience.

The main contribution of this study is to theoretically and empirically discover the most important factors that influence EMIS post-adoption usage. Perceived benefits are considered as external factors to the TOE framework and mediate the effect of TAM-TOE factors on individual post-adoption usage.

This paper is the second of two concerned with a meta‐analysis of the technology acceptance model (TAM). This part aims to present a rigorous and quantitative meta‐analytic review of 569 findings from 95 TAM studies as a basis for identifying gaps and providing guidelines for implementation management and conduct of future research. The paper also seeks to investigate the potential impact of methodological characteristics on the meta‐analytic findings.

The approach consists of meta‐analysis following Hedges and Olkin's procedures, moderator‐analysis using homogeneity Q‐values, analogue to ANOVA and weighted regression method.

The dominant focus in empirical investigations of the TAM has been on modelling intention for its effect on self‐reported usage behaviour, while the attitudinal construct has been neglected. This raises three questions: whether the exclusion of attitude from the TAM is beneficial for understanding of technology usage behaviour in mandatory settings; whether the revised TAM holds equally for mandatory and voluntary settings; and whether the emphasis on measuring intentions and self‐report use rather than actual usage is warranted. An additional question answered in the meta‐analysis is about the relative importance of PU and PEOU.

The paper provides a rigorous meta‐analysis to progress towards a unified view of the TAM.

This paper proposes an extended model based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) developed by Venkatesh et al. To help better explain the intention to use an enterprise resource planning (ERP) system.

Findings from the literature review reveal that various technology acceptance models have been introduced in the past two decades. However, there are new research models that lack empirical study. With the research model proposed above, further study could be carried out to gauge whether this model can better explain end‐users' intentions to use an ERP system.

The review shows that although there has been research conducted using the UTAUT model, it has not decomposed the facilitating conditions as the authors suggest in this paper, which will be useful for intervention purposes.

Since this paper suggests a conceptual model based on a literature review, it is suggested that further study could be carried out to test whether this model can better explain end‐users' intentions to use ERP systems.

The review shows that shared beliefs, project communication and training can be used to offer intervention measures to help in the adoption and usage of ERP.

What this paper proposes is to drop the voluntariness variable from the model as a moderating factor, justifying this exclusion based on the fact that an ERP system implementation is mandatory and there is little room for the employees to oppose once the system is implemented. The authors also suggest further decomposing the facilitating condition into three components, namely shared beliefs, project communication and training can help in the design of intervention measures.

It has been argued that behavioural models of technology acceptance do not serve equally across cultures. This study aims to extend technology acceptance model (TAM) to suit in a developing country context. The model attempts to identify the relationship between social norms, management support and moderating factors voluntariness and experience.

The study used a quantitative methodology to investigate the correlational paths. A cross‐sectional survey was completed by 504 academics working in higher educational institutes of Pakistan. The data were analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM) based on partial least squares (PLS) methods.

The extended model achieved acceptable fit and most of the hypothesised paths were significant. Determinant perceived usefulness was an important construct of the internet acceptance, i.e. R²=34 per cent more than behavioural intention. Moderator experience diminished the impact of usefulness on behaviour usage.

The findings suggest that expecting acceptance behaviour from individuals on the basis of only TAM's constructs is not enough for introducing new IT technologies. The study reveals that an individual's perceptions are formed/changed through attitudinal and social beliefs, along with management support and usage experience.

The study is useful in non‐western cultural contexts. Specifically, in contrast to previous studies, diversity of individuals' acceptance behaviour is examined within a single south‐Asian country's context.

Using the extended task‐technology fit (TTF) model, this paper attempts to determine whether task‐technology fit, perceived resistance, user resistance and usage influence managers' performance.

The study was conducted on 150 middle managers from various organisations in Malaysia's port industry.

The structural equation modelling results reveal that task‐technology fit is significantly related to usage and perceived resistance, and that perceived resistance is a predictor of usage. Usage predicts performance, but not user resistance. There is no relationship between usage and user resistance, and vice versa.

The study focuses on Malaysia's port industry and concentrates only on the management perspective of intranet usage.

The results provide insights into how the Malaysian port industry and other organisations of a similar structure could enhance their intranet usage.

This study is one of the first to address intranet usage in the port industry, and introduces two importance factors (i.e. perceived resistance and user resistance) that influence managers' task performance.

This paper aims to propose a user adoption model of human resource information system (HRIS) in the Jordanian public sector by integrating the task technology fit (TTF) model and the unified theory of acceptance and usage of technology (UTAUT).

Using a quantitative approach, survey data were collected using an online survey from employees working in four different public organizations in Jordan, and structural equation modelling has been used to validate the research model.

The study found that among the constructs of the UTAUT model performance expectancy, social influence and facilitating condition have a significant effect on users’ behavioural intention to adopt HRIS. Furthermore, the results also reveal that effort expectancy has an insignificant effect on adoption behaviour. The findings also show that all TTF hypotheses were supported by the data collected. Both task characteristics and technology characteristics have a significant effect on the TTF construct, which further determines users’ adoption behaviour.

These findings contribute to the extant academic literature and have practical implications, improving the understanding of the HRIS adoption and use in public sector organizations.

The chapter studies the role of Financial Technology (FinTech) in disrupting the existing traditional banking system. It identifies FinTech’s evolution in Asia across Deposits & lending, Capital Raising, Investment Management, Market provisioning, Payments, and Insurance. This technology revolution allows us to have a banking system based on values that serve customers better, reduce risk to the society and improve returns for the shareholders. Data on unbanked population, smartphone penetration, and Internet penetration has led to retail side innovations such as Mobile Wallets, P2P Payments, and Real-time Payments in the most of Asia (except China). A total of 49% of Global Investments in FinTech are in Asia and the Chinese dragon alone accounts for 46%. India is witnessing a strong amount of FinTech deals in 2017 and it is being driven by payment and lending solutions. ASEAN FinTech industry is dominated by m-wallets and online payments; this is followed by retail investment and financial comparison. The chapter dives into the challenges Asian banks are facing because of this disruption. Now more than ever, is the important role governments and central banks of each nation play to assess the path these start-ups are headed on and this will unfold the landscape of banking in Asia a few years down the lane.

The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the utility of information systems (IS) success models in mandatory e-government services, as opposed to the volitional ones that have been the focus of previous studies. The models include the technology acceptance model (TAM) (1989) and Seddon’s model (1997), which involve three (ease of use, usefulness and citizens satisfaction) and four variables (system quality, information quality, usefulness and citizen satisfaction).

The models were compared based on a survey conducted on 780 foundation year students of government universities in Saudi Arabia. The Saudi Government has launched a mandatory e-government service geared to assist high school graduates in the university academic admission process. The goodness-of-fit and parsimony of fit indices and the explanatory power were used to compare the two models.

The structural equation modeling techniques revealed that overall, the two models both exhibited reasonable fit with the collected data, whereas TAM showed the best fit to the sample data and yielded superior goodness-of-fit indices over Seddon’s model. In terms of explanatory power, Seddon’s model predicted 28% (R² = 0.28) of the variance explained for citizen satisfaction, whereas TAM predicted 21% (R² = 0.21). All the parsimony of fit indices favored TAM over Seddon’s model.

This study examined the validity of TAM and Seddon’s model, using citizen satisfaction as the dependent variable to compare them. TAM and Seddon’s model were modified to better fit the current research context of mandatory e-government services; thus, the findings may not hold for their original or other voluntary settings. In addition, the focus on a single survey for a certain time in a certain territory of mandatory e-government service may have limited the generalizability of the results to other mandatory contexts. Future research should make use of large, cross-sectional samples in different mandatory contexts to enhance result generalization.

This study’s findings can provide e-government practitioners with deeper perceptions of how to address citizen satisfaction with mandatory e-government services. The results exposed usefulness as the common and major construct, having the strongest influence on citizen satisfaction in both TAM and Seddon’s model; thus, maximizing the benefits of e-government services for citizens is crucial to their success. The causal relationship between information quality and citizen satisfaction was not supported. This supports the perspective that e-government services are currently evolving quickly, becoming more integrated and easier-to-use, generally requiring only a few clicks and less information.

This study has extended the assessment of the validity of IS success models to a mandatory IS usage setting. The comparison study of different IS success models is crucial as it acts as a guide for researchers to determine the trade-off between the models used to conduct research on a particular context. The study concludes that TAM is the most parsimonious and universal model for the study of user satisfaction in mandatory contexts. The findings will provide e-government practitioners with insights into IS success measures suited to enhance the effectiveness of newly and future mandated e-government services.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how principals and school supervisory authorities understand and use feedback from mandatory proficiency tests (VERA) in the low-stakes context of Germany. For the analysis, the authors refer to a theoretical model of schools that differentiates between Autonomous and Managed Professional Organisations (Thiel, 2008a).

The empirical basis of the qualitative research are contrastive case studies which are focusing on individual schools and on school supervisory authorities. The selection of cases was oriented on Theoretical Sampling according to Glaser and Strauss (2005). For the analysis, the authors used a sample of upper track secondary schools (Gymnasien), four from Berlin and five each from Thuringia, Brandenburg and Baden-Wuerttemberg. In total, the authors conducted 229 structured interviews over two periods in 19 schools with different protagonists on all levels of the educational system (principals, heads of subject departments, teachers and school supervisory officials). The interview data were descriptively analysed according to procedures of qualitative content analyses (Mayring, 2010).

The analyses show a clear tendency in the direction of the Autonomous Professional Organisation within the context of VERA. However, some principals reported activities according to a Managed Professional Organisation. The traditional decoupling remains and the supervisory authorities retain their picture of the individual school as an Autonomous Professional Organisation. Both levels have a major deficit in a competent use of VERA and lack profound experience with accountability and evaluation processes.

The sampling has certain restraints: schools of a particular type, few schools within one state, four of 16 states.

Even though German test-based school reforms have been in progress for one decade, systematic analyses of the reform’s relevance for leadership and for school supervisory authorities’ actions in a low-stakes context have not been conducted yet. The analysis meets this lack of research with an explorative reconstruction of principal leadership within the context of test-based school reform as well as the corresponding school supervisory officials.