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Article
Publication date: 21 September 2015

Mojtaba Ghodsi, Shahed Mirzamohamadi, Soheil Talebian, Yousef Hojjat, Mohammadmorad Sheikhi, Amur Al-Yahmedi and Abdullah Özer

– This paper aims to investigate a novel giant magnetostrictive (GM) force sensor using Terfenol-D rod.

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate a novel giant magnetostrictive (GM) force sensor using Terfenol-D rod.

Design/methodology/approach

First of all, principle of GM force sensor based on positive magnetostriction of Terfenol-D is presented. Then, design procedure of the GM force sensor is stated. Magnetic properties such as B-H curve and permeability of Terfenol-D are measured by a novel experimental setup and the results are used in analytical model, sensitivity estimation and numerical simulations. Then, an analytical model is presented and a numerical simulation using CST Studio Suite 2011 software is done. So as a result of numerical simulations, optimum geometry of the GM force sensor is obtained related to the condition in which the GM force sensor has highest sensitivity. After that, the sensor is fabricated using the simulation results and is tested by means of an experimental setup. Characteristic curve of the GM force sensor in several conditions is measured and the optimum operational condition is obtained considering highest sensitivity condition of the sensor. Also operational diagrams of the GM force sensor is plotted in loading and unloading conditions. Characteristics of the GM force sensor in optimum condition are presented.

Findings

It was found that the GM force sensor has maximum sensitivity and maximum linearity in 0.8A current, which can be known as optimum condition of application. In this sensor, maximum sensitivity is 0.51 mV/N (while current is 0.8A), which is highest among older investigations.

Originality/value

At last, theoretical, numerical and experimental results are compared and the criteria for magnetostrictive sensor design are presented.

Details

Sensor Review, vol. 35 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0260-2288

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 8 June 2021

Ratnadeep Nath and Krishnan Murugesan

This study aims to investigate the buoyancy-induced heat and mass transfer phenomena in a backward-facing-step (BFS) channel subjected to applied magnetic field using different…

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the buoyancy-induced heat and mass transfer phenomena in a backward-facing-step (BFS) channel subjected to applied magnetic field using different types of nanofluid.

Design/methodology/approach

Conservation equations of mass, momentum, energy and concentration are used through velocity-vorticity form of Navier–Stokes equations and solved using Galerkin’s weighted residual finite element method. The density variation is handled by Boussinesq approximation caused by thermo-solutal buoyancy forces evolved at the channel bottom wall having high heat and concentration. Simulations were carried out for the variation of Hartmann number (0 to 100), buoyancy ratio (−10 to +10), three types of water-based nanofluid i.e. Fe3O4, Cu, Al2O3 at χ = 6%, Re = 200 and Ri = 0.1.

Findings

The mutual interaction of magnetic force, inertial force and nature of thermal-solutal buoyancy forces play a significant role in the heat and mass transport phenomena. Results show that the size of the recirculation zone increases at N = 1 for aiding thermo-solutal buoyancy force, whereas the applied magnetic field dampened the fluid-convection process. With an increase in buoyancy ratio, Al2O3 nanoparticle shows a maximum 54% and 67% increase in convective heat and mass transfer, respectively at Ha = 20 followed by Fe3O4 and Cu. However, with increase in Ha the Nuavg and Shavg diminish by maximum 62.33% and 74.56%, respectively, for Fe3O4 nanoparticles at N = 5 followed by Al2O3 and Cu.

Originality/value

This research study numerically examines the sensitivity of Fe3O4, Cu and Al2O3 nanoparticles in a magnetic field for buoyancy-induced mixed convective heat and mass transfer phenomena in a BFS channel, which was not analyzed earlier.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 32 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 March 2001

Lieven Vandevelde and Jan A.A. Melkebeek

In this paper a continuum description of deformable magnetized material including long‐range magnetic forces and magnetostriction is presented. Herein, magnetostriction and…

Abstract

In this paper a continuum description of deformable magnetized material including long‐range magnetic forces and magnetostriction is presented. Herein, magnetostriction and long‐range forces on the one hand, and magnetization and deformation on the other hand are considered simultaneously. Therefore, neither a strict distinction between the deformation due to magnetic forces and due to magnetostriction, nor a separation of the total free energy into magnetic and elastic energy is involved.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 20 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 20 June 2016

Rui Wang and Youhei Kawamura

The purpose of this paper is to present a design of climbing robot with magnetic wheels which can move on the surface of steel bridge. The locomotion concept is based on adapted…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present a design of climbing robot with magnetic wheels which can move on the surface of steel bridge. The locomotion concept is based on adapted lightweight magnetic wheel units with relatively high attractive force and friction force.

Design/methodology/approach

The robot has the main advantages of being compact (352 × – 215 × – 155 mm), lightweight (2.3 kg without battery) and simple mechanical structure. It is not only able to climb vertical walls and follow circumferential paths, but also able to pass complex obstacles such as bolts, steps, convex and concave corners with almost any inclination regarding gravity. By using a servo as a compliant joint, the wheel base can be changed to enable the robot to overcome convex corners.

Findings

The experiment results show that the climbing robot has a good performance on locomotion, and it is successful in negotiating the complex obstacles. On the other hand, the limitations in locomotion of the robot are also presented.

Originality/value

Compared with the past researches, the robot shows good performance on overcoming complex obstacles such as concave corners, convex corners, bolts and steps on the steel bridge. Magnetic wheel with the characterization of compact size and lightweight is able to provide bigger adhesion force and friction coefficient.

Details

Industrial Robot: An International Journal, vol. 43 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-991X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 June 2000

K. Wiak

Discusses the 27 papers in ISEF 1999 Proceedings on the subject of electromagnetisms. States the groups of papers cover such subjects within the discipline as: induction machines;…

Abstract

Discusses the 27 papers in ISEF 1999 Proceedings on the subject of electromagnetisms. States the groups of papers cover such subjects within the discipline as: induction machines; reluctance motors; PM motors; transformers and reactors; and special problems and applications. Debates all of these in great detail and itemizes each with greater in‐depth discussion of the various technical applications and areas. Concludes that the recommendations made should be adhered to.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 19 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 3 January 2017

Ling Chen, Honghua Wang and Chao Tan

This paper aims to propose a novel mathematical model of bearingless switched reluctance motor (BSRM). This model differs from conventional mathematical models in the calculation…

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to propose a novel mathematical model of bearingless switched reluctance motor (BSRM). This model differs from conventional mathematical models in the calculation of torque and suspension forces. Conventional mathematical models neglect the coupling relationship between the α- and β-axes or ignore the magnetic saturation of the Si-Fe material. This study considers these issues simultaneously. Additionally, considering the air-gap edge effect, the fringing coefficient is used to establish a high-precision mathematical model.

Design/methodology/approach

An innovative mathematical model of BSRM based on the Maxwell stress method was established by selecting an appropriate integration path. The fringing coefficient of the air-gap was computed based on the finite element analysis results at the aligned position of the stator and rotor poles. Using the least squares fitting method, the piecewise fitted magnetization curve of the Si-Fe material was utilized to calculate flux density.

Findings

The appropriate integration path of the Maxwell stress method was selected, which considered the coupling relationship of the suspension forces in the α- and β-axes and was closer to the actual situation. The fringing coefficient of the air-gap improved the calculation accuracy of air-gap flux density. The magnetomotive force was consumed by the magnetic resistance of the stator and rotor poles considering the magnetic saturation.

Originality/value

A novel mathematical model of BSRM is proposed. Different from conventional mathematical models, the proposed model can effectively solve the coupling relationship of the suspension forces in the α- and β-axes. Additionally, this model is consistent with the actual situation of motor as it includes a reasonable calculation of the air-gap flux density, considering the air-gap edge effect and magnetic saturation.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 36 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 21 June 2011

Minghui Wu, Xiaofei Gao, W.X. Yan, Z. Fu, Yanzheng Zhao and Shanben Chen

The purpose of this paper is to describe a new solution for wheel‐robot's adhesion and passing‐obstacles mechanism and the optimal design of magnetic adhesion unit with finite…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to describe a new solution for wheel‐robot's adhesion and passing‐obstacles mechanism and the optimal design of magnetic adhesion unit with finite element methods. The new mechanism makes the robot have a simpler structure, finer passing obstacles and larger payload capabilities.

Design/methodology/approach

After researching literature and analyzing in detail the disadvantages and advantages of magnetic wheel and structure magnet mounted under the chassis of a robot, the structure magnet is selected as the robot's adhesion style. Then the paper introduces the robot's structure and locomotion mechanism, the design of the new mechanism and the optimization of structure parameters for magnetic adhesion unit are described in detail in this paper. The new design can lift the robot's wheel unit and change adhesion force using only a motor.

Findings

A prototype of robot has been developed and successful test results prove that the proposed technology is feasible. The climbing robot can overcome 70‐mm high obstacles and has a large enough payload capability while climbing on vertical surfaces.

Research limitations/implications

The new design reduces the number of actuators used in the robot and increases the magnetic adhesion force.

Practical implications

Thanks to the excellent passing‐obstacles and payload capabilities, the climbing robot with the new mechanism has a widely applying prospect in the field of welding and inspecting large equipment.

Originality/value

The lifting mechanism can lift the wheel unit and change magnetic adhesion force using only one motor. This makes the robot have a simple structure as well as the large payload capability.

Details

Industrial Robot: An International Journal, vol. 38 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-991X

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 18 November 2020

Yuyang Zhang, Yonggang Leng, Hao Zhang, Xukun Su, Shuailing Sun, Xiaoyu Chen and Junjie Xu

An appropriate equivalent model is the key to the effective analysis of the system and structure in which permanent magnet takes part. At present, there are several equivalent…

4007

Abstract

Purpose

An appropriate equivalent model is the key to the effective analysis of the system and structure in which permanent magnet takes part. At present, there are several equivalent models for calculating the interacting magnetic force between permanent magnets including magnetizing current, magnetic charge and magnetic dipole–dipole model. How to choose the most appropriate and efficient model still needs further discussion.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper chooses cuboid, cylindrical and spherical permanent magnets as calculating objects to investigate the detailed calculation procedures based on three equivalent models, magnetizing current, magnetic charge and magnetic dipole–dipole model. By comparing the accuracies of those models with experiment measurement, the applicability of three equivalent models for describing permanent magnets with different shapes is analyzed.

Findings

Similar calculation accuracies of the equivalent magnetizing current model and magnetic charge model are verified by comparison between simulation and experiment results. However, the magnetic dipole–dipole model can only accurately calculate for spherical magnet instead of other nonellipsoid magnets, because dipole model cannot describe the specific characteristics of magnet's shape, only sphere can be treated as the topological form of a dipole, namely a filled dot.

Originality/value

This work provides reference basis for choosing a proper model to calculate magnetic force in the design of electromechanical structures with permanent magnets. The applicability of different equivalent models describing permanent magnets with different shapes is discussed and the equivalence between the models is also analyzed.

Details

Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing and Special Equipment, vol. 1 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2633-6596

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 9 April 2020

Feng Wang, Zhiqiang Wu, Yajie Li and Yuancen Wang

To investigate transverse vibration of the eccentric rotor in a 12/8 poles switched reluctance motor (SRM), a transverse analytical vibration model is built by finite element…

Abstract

Purpose

To investigate transverse vibration of the eccentric rotor in a 12/8 poles switched reluctance motor (SRM), a transverse analytical vibration model is built by finite element method (FEM) under the interaction of radial magnetic resultant and vibration displacement. External forces, including radial magnetic resultant and centrifugal force, are also derived in detail, according to the variation of airgap and current and other intermediate parameters with rotation angle.

Design/methodology/approach

The transverse vibration response of the eccentric rotor including radial magnetic resultant and vibration displacement is solved by Newmark-β method, after inputting the currents of three phase windings under angle position control strategy. The basic characteristics of radial magnetic resultant and vibration displacement are reflected in time and frequency domain.

Findings

The magnetic resultant vector of the eccentric rotor presents multi-petals star geometric shape. The frequency distribution of magnetic resultant relates to rotation speed, current waveform and the least common multiple of the stator and rotor teeth. However, the frequency distribution of the vibration displacement also relates closely to the first-order critical whirl speed of the rotor. When the rotor is running at certain speeds, it will display superharmonic resonance and show abundant displacement locus.

Originality/value

By using this analytical model and solving process proposed in this paper, the nonlinear coupled vibration response of the eccentric rotor in SRM can be analyzed and discussed rapidly; only the stator’s winding currents obtained by experiment or electromagnetic simulation is needed as input.

Article
Publication date: 1 June 2000

P.Di Barba

Introduces the fourth and final chapter of the ISEF 1999 Proceedings by stating electric and magnetic fields are influenced, in a reciprocal way, by thermal and mechanical fields…

Abstract

Introduces the fourth and final chapter of the ISEF 1999 Proceedings by stating electric and magnetic fields are influenced, in a reciprocal way, by thermal and mechanical fields. Looks at the coupling of fields in a device or a system as a prescribed effect. Points out that there are 12 contributions included ‐ covering magnetic levitation or induction heating, superconducting devices and possible effects to the human body due to electric impressed fields.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 19 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

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