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11 – 20 of over 1000Chrwan‐jyh Ho, Ram Narasimhan, Steve A. Melnyk and Phillip L. Carter
There are several alternatives suggested in the literature to dealwith material requirements planning (MRP) system nervousness.Conventional uncertainty buffering techniques, such…
Abstract
There are several alternatives suggested in the literature to deal with material requirements planning (MRP) system nervousness. Conventional uncertainty buffering techniques, such as safety stock, excess capacity, and safety lead time, can be used to cope with unplanned events and to reduce the impact of system nervousness. However, inappropriate use of safety stock could result in significant work‐in‐process inventory and using safety lead time could distort priorities and increase inventories. Safety capacity is another buffering mechanism which has been used to deal with uncertainty. Dampening procedures to cope with system nervousness have recently received some attention. Here a classification framework is presented which provides a basis for investigating the relative performance of dampening procedures to cope with MRP system nervousness. Operating characteristics are identified and future research directions are suggested.
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Sumer C. Aggarwal and Sudhir Aggarwal
A detailed analysis of Material Requirements Planning (MRP), Kanban, optimised Production Technology (OPT) and Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS), including the applied…
Abstract
A detailed analysis of Material Requirements Planning (MRP), Kanban, optimised Production Technology (OPT) and Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS), including the applied assumptions behind these and their limitations and weaknesses, shows that each system is sound in its own way and can accomplish low cost, high quality, on‐time production. People problems, however, can destroy the effectiveness of any system and in this respect Kanban and OPT systems solve the majority of people problems, while FMS installations, by design, eliminate most problems of this type. The experience gained during the coming decade may lead factory managers to use two or more of these systems side by side.
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This monograph will review recent thinking as applied to the management of materials within organisations. In considering the type of organisation to which the comments will…
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This monograph will review recent thinking as applied to the management of materials within organisations. In considering the type of organisation to which the comments will apply, it is of use to recognise the following sectors:
Marcello Braglia and Alberto Petroni
This paper present the results of a study of material requirements planning (MRP) implementation in the packaging machinery‐building industry. The research, in particular, has…
Abstract
This paper present the results of a study of material requirements planning (MRP) implementation in the packaging machinery‐building industry. The research, in particular, has addressed such issues as management and employee responses and the actual versus expected financial and production/logistics benefits. Some of the findings are that, generally, benefits of MRP packages include higher productivity and product quality, that attitudes towards the installations before installation were positive, that the majority of larger companies would purchase more advanced and integrated systems (MRP II and ERPs) in the future and that supplier involvement and project planning (this latter for larger firms) were important components of the effective management of MRP packages introduction.
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Chi Keung Donald Chan, K.L. Yung and W.H. Ip
A way of initiating and sustaining the implementation of total quality management (TQM) by exploiting the widely adopted manufacturing resource planning (MRP II) is presented. A…
Abstract
A way of initiating and sustaining the implementation of total quality management (TQM) by exploiting the widely adopted manufacturing resource planning (MRP II) is presented. A detailed analysis of MRP II software has found that they have a number of inherent features that can be further extended to organizational performance including operations efficiency, responsiveness, company‐wide problem‐solving capability and product quality. This paper contributes in the development of a model for the MRP II with the incorporation of mechanisms to initiate a culture change in the organization towards TQM. In the adaptation of MRP II to guide the implementation of TQM, a structural analysis technique was proposed to help develop a model and methodology for the integration. In the structural analysis, an IDEF model of a “reference” company structure was created to illustrate and describe the integration. The reference company, which is a lamp manufacturer, is used to illustrate the systematic implementation of the TQM philosophy through adaptation of the MRP II software. The study demonstrates that MRP II can be adapted to provide the drive for effective implementation of TQM for productivity and profits.
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The paper deals with the implementation process of material requirements planning (MRP) within small and medium‐sized firms. While the literature shows almost general agreement on…
Abstract
The paper deals with the implementation process of material requirements planning (MRP) within small and medium‐sized firms. While the literature shows almost general agreement on the critical factors of MRP implementation, few empirical studies exist to support the proposed elements. The purpose of this study is to identify the elements of MRP implementation that are required to ensure successful implementation. A number of elements of implementation were identified and subsequently grouped into a hierarchical structure consisting of eight broader elements. Criteria were selected as measures of the level of implementation success. The analysis revealed that only a few of the identified elements were indeed required for successful implementation. Among these are management support, level of functional integration and data accuracy.
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The purpose of this paper is to present the ability of Z‐notation to formulate formal requirements specification of huge application software based on an example of the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present the ability of Z‐notation to formulate formal requirements specification of huge application software based on an example of the Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP II) Standard System. Z‐notation is using formal transformation approach to obtain operating software instead of traditional programming. The original MRP II software requirement specification possesses descriptive form extended by list of control questions. To make formal requirements specification, the original specification must be extending by some definition taken after APICS Dictionary. The definitions respect such concept as: item, item code, location, and order.
Design/methodology/approach
Writing schemas based on subsystem order of MRP II Standard System and treating the system as three level structures (user interface, business logic, and database), the schemas described business logic level only. As a conclusion was necessity to extend descriptive requirements specification by definitions. The limited size of the presentation contains few examples of formalization process only mainly limited to the main schemas as: item system (full definition), inventory system, bill of material, work centers and routings, generic order system, master production schedule, and material requirement planning.
Findings
As a result of the research, it can be said that Z‐notation apparatus is sufficient to build requirements specifications of big application systems like MRP II, enterprise resource planning, or customer relationship management.
Originality/value
Libraries of typical algorithms like MRP II designed through formal approach could replace traditional programming and open new prospects in the future development of broad computerization.
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Maral Muratbekova-Touron and Emmanuelle Leon
The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of mobile robotic telepresence systems on face time – which refers to people “seeing and being seen” – and analyse whether they…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of mobile robotic telepresence systems on face time – which refers to people “seeing and being seen” – and analyse whether they allow overcoming the challenges associated with telecommuting.
Design/methodology/approach
This research is based on a qualitative methodology in two French high-tech companies using interviews to better understand how the use of a telepresence robot is experienced by teleworkers, co-workers and their managers.
Findings
The results demonstrate that telepresence robots do offset the absence of teleworkers by allowing them to engage in face time, even remotely. It shows how the telepresence robot's affordances impact the different dimensions of face time and examine the processes through which teleworkers and co-workers anthropomorphize the robot and manage their privacy needs.
Originality/value
This article further elaborates the concept of face time and offers six dimensions to study in a digitally driven environment, including two newly identified dimensions. It also discusses the surveillance and privacy needs issues raised by the use of mobile robotic telepresence (MRP) systems.
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David J. Paper and David Nicol
This paper provides a longitudinal view of one organization’s experiences with IT implementation and Business Process Reengineering since 1990. The organization is EuroProducts;…
Abstract
This paper provides a longitudinal view of one organization’s experiences with IT implementation and Business Process Reengineering since 1990. The organization is EuroProducts; a manufacturer of air freshener and related products located in thecountry, in the West of England, EuroProducts has identified data integration and data standardization as critical to leverage increased performance from its materials requirements process flow. As a result, a new MRP system is being introduced to integrate data input from factory floor workers, management, staff, and IS professionals. The goal is to use the new MRP system as a rallying point to facilitate redesign of material requirements work flows. Aspects of innovation and systems theory are introduced to help the authors organize and identify root causes of the problems EuroProducts has had with its IT implementation and reengineering efforts.
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Steven A. Melnyk and Chris J. Piper
This article presents the results of a simulation study of implementation practices for material requirements planning systems. In particular, the role of safety lead times in…
Abstract
This article presents the results of a simulation study of implementation practices for material requirements planning systems. In particular, the role of safety lead times in ensuring effective delivery performance is analysed and some general guidelines are suggested.