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Article
Publication date: 21 September 2021

Satyanarayana Pamarthi and R. Narmadha

Nowadays, more interest is found among the researchers in MANETs in practical and theoretical areas and their performance under various environments. WSNs have begun to combine…

Abstract

Purpose

Nowadays, more interest is found among the researchers in MANETs in practical and theoretical areas and their performance under various environments. WSNs have begun to combine with the IoT via the sensing capability of Internet-connected devices and the Internet access ability of sensor nodes. It is essential to shelter the network from attacks over the Internet by keeping the secure router.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper plans to frame an effective literature review on diverse intrusion detection and prevention systems in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs) highly suitable for security in Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The literature review is focused on various types of attacks concentrated in each contribution and the adoption of prevention and mitigation models are observed. In addition, the types of the dataset used, types of attacks concentrated, types of tools used for implementation, and performance measures analyzed in each contribution are analyzed. Finally, an attempt is made to conclude the review with several future research directions in designing and implementing IDS for MANETs that preserve the security aspects of IoT.

Findings

It observed the different attack types focused on every contribution and the adoption of prevention and mitigation models. Additionally, the used dataset types, the focused attack types, the tool types used for implementation, and the performance measures were investigated in every contribution.

Originality/value

This paper presents a literature review on diverse contributions of attack detection and prevention, and the stand of different machine learning and deep learning models along with the analysis of types of the dataset used, attacks concentrated, tools used for implementation and performance measures on the network security for IoT applications.

Details

International Journal of Intelligent Unmanned Systems, vol. 10 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2049-6427

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 23 September 2019

Rajendran N., Jawahar P.K. and Priyadarshini R.

The purpose of this paper is to apply security policies over the mobile ad hoc networks. A mobile ad hoc network refers to infrastructure-less, persistently self-designing…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to apply security policies over the mobile ad hoc networks. A mobile ad hoc network refers to infrastructure-less, persistently self-designing systems; likewise, there is a noteworthy innovation that supplies virtual equipment and programming assets according to the requirement of mobile ad hoc network.

Design/methodology/approach

It faces different execution and effectiveness-based difficulties. The major challenge is the compromise of performance because of unavailable resources with respect to the MANET. In order to increase the MANET environment’s performance, various techniques are employed for routing and security purpose. An efficient security module requires a quality-of-service (QoS)-based security policy. It performs the task of routing and of the mobile nodes, and it also reduces the routing cost by finding the most trusted node.

Findings

The experimental results specify that QoS-based security policy effectively minimizes the cost, response time as well as the mobile makespan (routing cost and response time) of an application with respect to other existing approaches.

Research limitations/implications

In this paper, the authors proposed an enhancement of Cross Centric Intrusion Detection System named as PIHNSPRA Routing Algorithm (PIHNSPRA).

Practical implications

It maps the security with the secure IDS communication and distributes the packets among different destinations, based on priority. This calculation is proposed for the purpose of routing and security by considering greatest throughput with least routing cost and reaction time.

Social implications

When the concept is applied to practical applications. Quality of Service introduced in the proposed research reduces the cost of routing and improves the throughput.

Originality/value

The proposed calculation is tested by NS2 simulator and the outcomes showed that the execution of the calculation is superior to other conventional algorithms.

Details

International Journal of Intelligent Unmanned Systems, vol. 7 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2049-6427

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 12 March 2018

Wenhong Wei, Yong Qin and Zhaoquan Cai

The purpose of this paper is to propose a multi-objective differential evolution algorithm named as MOMR-DE to resolve multicast routing problem. In mobile ad hoc network (MANET)…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose a multi-objective differential evolution algorithm named as MOMR-DE to resolve multicast routing problem. In mobile ad hoc network (MANET), multicast routing is a non-deterministic polynomial -complete problem that deals with the various objectives and constraints. Quality of service (QoS) in the multicast routing problem mainly depends on cost, delay, jitter and bandwidth. So the cost, delay, jitter and bandwidth are always considered as multi-objective for designing multicast routing protocols. However, mobile node battery energy is finite and the network lifetime depends on node battery energy. If the battery power consumption is high in any one of the nodes, the chances of network’s life reduction due to path breaks are also more. On the other hand, node’s battery energy had to be consumed to guarantee high-level QoS in multicast routing to transmit correct data anywhere and at any time. Hence, the network lifetime should be considered as one objective of the multi-objective in the multicast routing problem.

Design/methodology/approach

Recently, many metaheuristic algorithms formulate the multicast routing problem as a single-objective problem, although it obviously is a multi-objective optimization problem. In the MOMR-DE, the network lifetime, cost, delay, jitter and bandwidth are considered as five objectives. Furthermore, three QoS constraints which are maximum allowed delay, maximum allowed jitter and minimum requested bandwidth are included. In addition, we modify the crossover and mutation operators to build the shortest-path multicast tree to maximize network lifetime and bandwidth, minimize cost, delay and jitter.

Findings

Two sets of experiments are conducted and compared with other algorithms for these problems. The simulation results show that our proposed method is capable of achieving faster convergence and is more preferable for multicast routing in MANET.

Originality/value

In MANET, most metaheuristic algorithms formulate the multicast routing problem as a single-objective problem. However, this paper proposes a multi-objective differential evolution algorithm to resolve multicast routing problem, and the proposed algorithm is capable of achieving faster convergence and more preferable for multicast routing.

Details

International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics, vol. 11 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1756-378X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 20 November 2009

Roy Friedman and Galya Tcharny

Mobile ad‐hoc networks (MANET) are networks that are formed in an ad‐hoc manner by collections of devices that are equipped with wireless communication capabilities, such as the…

Abstract

Purpose

Mobile ad‐hoc networks (MANET) are networks that are formed in an ad‐hoc manner by collections of devices that are equipped with wireless communication capabilities, such as the popular WiFi (IEEE 802.11b) standard. As the hardware technology and networking protocols for MANETs become mature and ubiquitous, the main barrier for MANETs to become widely used is applications. Like in other areas of distributed computing, in order to expedite the development of applications, there is a need for middleware services that support these applications. Failure detection has been identified as a basic component for many reliable distributed middleware services and applications. This paper aims to investigate this issue.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper presents an adaptation of a gossip‐based failure detection protocol to MANETs, and an evaluation by extensive simulations of this protocol's performance in such networks.

Findings

The results can be viewed as a feasibility check for implementing failure detection in MANETs, and the conclusions drawn from them can be used to motivate and improve future implementations of both a failure detection component and of applications and middleware services relying on such a component.

Originality/value

This paper presents an adaptation of a gossip‐based failure detection protocol to MANET environments, and presents an extensive simulation‐based performance study of this protocol in MANETs with various parameters.

Details

International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications, vol. 5 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1742-7371

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 20 November 2009

Kai Chen and Klara Nahrstedt

Group communication has become increasing important in mobile ad hoc networks (MANET). Current multicast routing protocols in MANET have been shown to incur large overheads due to…

Abstract

Purpose

Group communication has become increasing important in mobile ad hoc networks (MANET). Current multicast routing protocols in MANET have been shown to incur large overheads due to dynamic network topology. To this end, this paper proposes an overlay multicast scheme in MANET that is more efficient.

Design/methodology/approach

The approach is to construct an overlay multicast tree based on the locations of the group nodes. The paper proposes several tree construction algorithms, namely, location‐guided k‐ary (LGK) tree, location‐guided directional (LGD) tree and location‐guided Steiner (LGS) tree. All of them rely on the geometric locations of the nodes as heuristics to construct the tree. The paper also introduces several mechanisms to enhance the proposed algorithms.

Findings

The simulation results show that the location‐guided heuristics is very effective in constructing low bandwidth cost overlay multicast trees in MANET. When location information is up‐to‐date, the bandwidth cost of a LGS tree is similar to that of an optimal router‐assisted Steiner multicast tree. When location information is out‐dated, LGD tree has the lowest cost.

Originality/value

This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of location‐guided heuristics in constructing overlay multicast trees in MANET. This study strongly suggests that location‐guided heuristics can be used to design many other algorithms in a mobile network.

Details

International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications, vol. 5 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1742-7371

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 26 May 2020

Anupama Sharma, Abhay Bansal and Vinay Rishiwal

Quality communication is a big challenge in mobile ad hoc networks because of a restricted environment for mobile devices, bandwidth-constrained radio connections, random mobility…

Abstract

Purpose

Quality communication is a big challenge in mobile ad hoc networks because of a restricted environment for mobile devices, bandwidth-constrained radio connections, random mobility of connected devices, etc. High-quality communication through wireless links mainly depends on available bandwidth, link stability, energy of nodes, etc. Many researchers proposed stability and link quality methods to improve these issues, but they still require optimization. This study aims to contribute towards better quality communication in temporarily formed networks. The authors propose the stable and bandwidth aware dynamic routing (SBADR) protocol with the aim to provide an efficient, stable path with sufficient bandwidth and enough energy hold nodes for all types of quality of service (QoS) data communication.

Design/methodology/approach

The proposal made in this work used received signal strength from the media access control (MAC) layer to estimate the stability of the radio connection. The proposed path stability model combines the stability of the individual link to compute path stability. The amount of bandwidth available for communication at a specific time on a link is defined as the available link bandwidth that is understood as the maximum throughput of that link. Bandwidth as a QoS parameter ensures high-quality communication for every application in such a network. One other improvement, towards quality data transmission, is made by incorporating residual energies of communicating and receiving nodes in the calculation of available link bandwidth.

Findings

Communication quality in mobile ad hoc network (MANET) does not depend on a single parameter such as bandwidth, energy, path stability, etc. To address and enhance quality communication, this paper focused on high impact factors, such as path stability, available link bandwidth and energy of nodes. The performance of SBADR is evaluated on the network simulator and compared with that of other routing protocols, i.e. route stability based QoS routing (RSQR), route stability based ad-hoc on-demand distance vector (RSAODV) and Ad-hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV). Experimental outcomes show that SBADR significantly enhanced network performance in terms of throughput, packet delivery ratio (PDR) and normalized control overhead (NCO). Performance shows that SBADR is suitable for any application of MANET having random and high mobility.

Research limitations/implications

QoS in MANET is a challenging task. To achieve high-quality communication, the authors worked on multiple network parameters, i.e. path stability, available link bandwidth and energy of mobile nodes. The performance of the proposed routing protocol named SBADR is evaluated by a network simulator and compared with that of other routing protocols. Statistical analysis done on results proves significant enhancement in network performance. SBADR is suitable for applications of MANET having random and high mobility. It is also efficient for applications having a requirement of high throughput.

Practical implications

SBADR shows a significant enhancement in received data bytes, which are 1,709, 788 and 326 more in comparison of AODV, RSAODV and RSQR, respectively. PDR increased by 21.27%, 12.1%, 4.15%, and NCO decreased by 9.67%, 5.93%, 2.8% in comparison of AODV, RSAODV and RSQR, respectively.

Social implications

Outcomes show SBADR will perform better with applications of MANET such as disaster recovery, city tours, university or hospital networks, etc. SBADR is suitable for every application of MANET having random and high mobility.

Originality/value

This is to certify that the reported work in the paper entitled “SBADR: stable and bandwidth aware dynamic routing protocol for mobile ad hoc network” is an original one and has not been submitted for publication elsewhere. The authors further certify that proper citations to the previously reported work have been given and no data/tables/figures have been quoted verbatim from the other publications without giving due acknowledgment and without permission of the author(s).

Details

International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications, vol. 16 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1742-7371

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 4 September 2017

Shailja Agnihotri and K.R. Ramkumar

The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into various swarm intelligence-based routing protocols for Internet of Things (IoT), which are currently available for the Mobile…

518

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into various swarm intelligence-based routing protocols for Internet of Things (IoT), which are currently available for the Mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANETs) and wireless sensor networks (WSNs). There are several issues which are limiting the growth of IoT. These include privacy, security, reliability, link failures, routing, heterogeneity, etc. The routing issues of MANETs and WSNs impose almost the same requirements for IoT routing mechanism. The recent work of worldwide researchers is focused on this area.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper provides the literature review for various standard routing protocols. The different comparative analysis of the routing protocols is done. The paper surveys various routing protocols available for the seamless connectivity of things in IoT. Various features, advantages and challenges of the said protocols are discussed. The protocols are based on the principles of swarm intelligence. Swarm intelligence is applied to achieve optimality and efficiency in solving the complex, multi-hop and dynamic requirements of the wireless networks. The application of the ant colony optimization technique tries to provide answers to many routing issues.

Findings

Using the swarm intelligence and ant colony optimization principles, it has been seen that the protocols’ efficiency definitely increases and also provides more scope for the development of more robust, reliable and efficient routing protocols for the IoT.

Research limitations/implications

The existing protocols do not solve all reliability issues and efficient routing is still not achieved completely. As of now no techniques or protocols are efficient enough to cover all the issues and provide the solution. There is a need to develop new protocols for the communication which will cater to all these needs. Efficient and scalable routing protocols adaptable to different scenarios and network size variation capable to find optimal routes are required.

Practical implications

The various routing protocols are discussed and there is also an introduction to new parameters which can strengthen the protocols. This can lead to encouragement of readers, as well as researchers, to analyze and develop new routing algorithms.

Social implications

The paper provides better understanding of the various routing protocols and provides better comparative analysis for the use of swarm-based research methodology in the development of routing algorithms exclusively for the IoT.

Originality/value

This is a review paper which discusses the various routing protocols available for MANETs and WSNs and provides the groundwork for the development of new intelligent routing protocols for IoT.

Details

International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications, vol. 13 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1742-7371

Keywords

Expert briefing
Publication date: 15 February 2024

The Cambodian People’s Party (CPP) -- led by former premier Hun Sen, Hun Manet’s father -- won 120 out of 125 seats in the National Assembly, the lower house, in last July’s…

Expert briefing
Publication date: 25 August 2023

Hun Manet is Hun Sen’s eldest son. He was the presumed political heir to his father for nearly a decade, but his election as an MP in the July 23 parliamentary polls, where the…

Article
Publication date: 29 May 2009

Mourad Elhadef

The purpose of this paper is to describe an adaptive approach for diagnosing faulty nodes in a wireless mobile environment.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to describe an adaptive approach for diagnosing faulty nodes in a wireless mobile environment.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on a diagnosis approach that has been previously developed for wired networks. A discussion of the novel diagnosis protocol and its correctness is also included.

Findings

In this paper, the author presents a new implementation of a failure detection service for wireless ad hoc and sensor systems that is based on an adaptation of a gossip‐style failure detection protocol and the heartbeat failure detector. The authors show that the failure detector is eventually perfect – that is, there is a time after which every faulty mobile is permanently suspected by every fault‐free host, and no host will be suspected before it crashes.

Research limitations/implications

The main limitations of this work is the lack of simulations results. Future works will be directed at providing such performance evaluations.

Practical implications

The work introduced in this paper aims mainly at identifying faulty nodes in a wireless mobile environment. This service has been identified as one of the basic building blocks for dependable mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs).

Originality/value

The paper is first work that adapts a previously developed failure detection service to wireless and MANETs.

Details

Education, Business and Society: Contemporary Middle Eastern Issues, vol. 2 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1753-7983

Keywords

11 – 20 of 220