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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1992

Maqsood A. CHAUDHRY

An extension of the Schwarz‐Christoffel transformation is described to formally map polygons which contain curved boundaries. The curved boundaries are divided into small ‘curved…

Abstract

An extension of the Schwarz‐Christoffel transformation is described to formally map polygons which contain curved boundaries. The curved boundaries are divided into small ‘curved elements’ and each element is approximated by a second degree polynomial (higher degree polynomials can also be used). The iterative algorithm of evaluating the unknown constants of the basic S‐C transformation described in a companion paper is applied to the extended S‐C transformation to compute its unknown constants, including the coefficients of the polynomials. Excellent results are achieved as far as accuracy and convergence are concerned. Examples including a practical application, are provided. The mapping of curved polygons is important because they provide a better model of a physical device.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 11 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Article
Publication date: 1 February 1992

Maqsood A. CHAUDHRY and Roland SCHINZINGER

An iterative algorithm is described to compute Schwarz‐Christoffel transformations which map the upper half of a complex plane into the interior of a polygon in another complex…

Abstract

An iterative algorithm is described to compute Schwarz‐Christoffel transformations which map the upper half of a complex plane into the interior of a polygon in another complex plane. An efficient method of numerically integrating the S‐C integral over the singularities is presented. The algorithm is easily programmable in FORTRAN. Convergence rate is high and accuracy is excellent. Examples are provided and wherever possible, analytically obtained results are also presented for comparison. The importance of the algorithm is described and a brief comparison with some of the existing algorithms is made. Potential application of the S‐C transformation are in the solution of Laplace's and Poisson's equation in two‐dimensional domains with polygonal boundary.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 11 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Book part
Publication date: 23 September 2014

Glenn Growe, Marinus DeBruine, John Y. Lee and José F. Tudón Maldonado

This paper examines the profitability and performance measurement of U.S. regional banks during the period 1994–2011, using the GMM estimator technique. Our study extends prior…

Abstract

Purpose

This paper examines the profitability and performance measurement of U.S. regional banks during the period 1994–2011, using the GMM estimator technique. Our study extends prior research by including several factors not previously considered using U.S. data.

Approach

We use bank-specific, industry-specific, and macroeconomic determinants of profitability contemporaneous with our performance indicators. We follow the accounting fundamental analysis path in explaining the bank performance.

Findings

Among the performance measures, the efficiency ratio and provisions for credit losses are negatively and equity scaled by assets is positively related to profitability. However, these relationships either reverse (efficiency ratio and provisions for credit losses) or become insignificant (equity scaled by assets) when the target becomes change in profitability. The level of nonperforming assets is negatively related to profitability across all measures of profitability used. Macroeconomic variables are largely unrelated to profitability during the year they are measured. However, they have a significant relationship with earnings change measures, suggesting they have a lagged effect on profitability. The slope of the yield curve is especially strong in this regard.

Originality

We use our determinants to model changes in bank profitability one year ahead, in addition to including several factors not previously considered, using the predictive focus of the fundamental analysis research.

Article
Publication date: 1 February 1992

M.A. Chaudhry

The problem of determining the shape of a polygonal integrated circuit planar resistor to a desired value of resistance has applications in the IC fabrication technology. The…

Abstract

The problem of determining the shape of a polygonal integrated circuit planar resistor to a desired value of resistance has applications in the IC fabrication technology. The resistor design problem can be simplified for modular applications and fabrication by changing only one parameter of the polygon, e.g., length of a slit, to achieve the desired value of resistance. This paper describes a method of numerical conformal mapping to compute the length of the slit to obtain the desired value of resistance when the shape of the polygon is given. The extended Schwarz‐Christoffel transformation developed by the author and others is used when polygons with curved segments are encountered. The resulting algorithm is easily programmable and accurate. Rapid convergence is achieved. Examples are given and other applications of the method are presented.

Details

Microelectronics International, vol. 9 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

Article
Publication date: 1 January 1992

M.A. Chaudhry and R. Schinzinger

Introduction of curved boundaries in polygonally shaped integrated circuit planar resistors causes a crease in maximum electric field intensities and current densities present in…

Abstract

Introduction of curved boundaries in polygonally shaped integrated circuit planar resistors causes a crease in maximum electric field intensities and current densities present in them, and consequently decreases the likelihood of their failure. The presence of curved boundaries can also decrease the area occupied by the resistor. Therefore, polygonal resistors with curved boundaries can be highly desirable in integrated circuits. Resistances of conductors with curved boundaries are readily computed using conformal mapping, particularly the numerically, extended Schwarz‐Christoffel transformation developed by the authors. The resulting algorithm is applicable to polygonal resistors of arbitrary shape and is easily programmable. Several examples are presented. Rapid convergence and accurate results are obtained.

Details

Microelectronics International, vol. 9 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

Book part
Publication date: 27 November 2017

Mohamed Rochdi Keffala

This current research tries to answer the widespread debate about the role of derivatives in propagating the last financial crisis. So, this work aims to examine the effect of…

Abstract

This current research tries to answer the widespread debate about the role of derivatives in propagating the last financial crisis. So, this work aims to examine the effect of derivatives on bank stability in emerging countries by using the bank stability index (BSI) as developed by Ghosh (2011) from three major dimensions of banking operations: stability, soundness, and profitability. We use the generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator technique developed by Blundell and Bond (1998) to estimate regressions during the normal, the turbulent, and the whole period, following the guidance given by Chiaramonte, Poli, and Oriani (2013).

The major conclusion of this study reveals that except to futures the other derivative instruments cannot be considered as troubling factors. The main implication of the research shows that derivatives – in general – are not responsible for the propagation of the recent financial crisis. Hence, the common debate accusing derivatives as being responsible for the aggravation of the recent financial crisis should be rejected.

Details

Growing Presence of Real Options in Global Financial Markets
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78714-838-3

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 April 1994

Khalid Al‐Anzi and Mel Collier

This paper analyses the current state of Arabisation of automated library systems. Problems of Arabic language handling and limitations of Romanisation are described. The areas of…

Abstract

This paper analyses the current state of Arabisation of automated library systems. Problems of Arabic language handling and limitations of Romanisation are described. The areas of character encoding, standards for coding and bibliographic records, character recognition and lexical analysis are synthesised. The current state of Arabisation in commercial library systems is reviewed and areas for further research identified.

Details

Program, vol. 28 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0033-0337

Article
Publication date: 1 August 2003

Maqsood A. Chaudhry and Roland Schinzinger

Finite difference and finite element methods have serious limitations when applied to unbounded regions. This paper describes a hybrid method which uses a conformal transformation…

Abstract

Finite difference and finite element methods have serious limitations when applied to unbounded regions. This paper describes a hybrid method which uses a conformal transformation to map the original boundaries, including those at infinity, to a bounded region and only then applies a numerical method based on finite differences or finite elements when no direct solution is obvious. Testing this approach by means of examples for which exact solutions are obtainable, the hybrid method is applied to determine the electrical potential at specific points in the field of a capacitor with long plates that in their cross‐sectional view are parallel to each other, and in the field of a microstrip line at some distance from it. In both the cases, the results are in agreement with analytically derived results. The method is simple, readily applied by undergraduate students, yet accurate and thus of use in professional engineering work as well.

Details

Microelectronics International, vol. 20 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 13 June 2023

Muhammad Sholihin

This paper aims to review 69 studies related to Muslim consumer behavior and determine the relationship between these topics and Islamic rationality. In addition, this paper…

199

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to review 69 studies related to Muslim consumer behavior and determine the relationship between these topics and Islamic rationality. In addition, this paper elaborates on Al-Ghazali’s Islamic rationality model.

Design/methodology/approach

A text analytics approach is used to map 69 studies on Muslim consumer behavior. In addition, the historical-critical and inductive approach is used to identify Muslim scholars’ concepts and opinions regarding Islamic rationality, especially Al-Ghazali.

Findings

This study confirms that Muslim consumer behavior is in line with the concept of Islamic rationality proposed by Al-Ghazali. This is evidenced by a strong awareness of Islamic morals and values, which fosters a high commitment to halal products.

Practical implications

The findings of this study will provide essential benefits in the development of Islamic rationality theory, which can then be used as an alternative in explaining Muslim consumer behavior and also can be used as a reference for stakeholders in the industry to mainstream halalfication on products offered in the Muslim market.

Originality/value

The value of originality in this study lies in identifying the relation between Islamic rationality and Muslim consumer behavior, and this effort was confirmed through 69 selected studies related to Muslim consumer behavior.

Details

Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1759-0817

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 25 January 2013

Naveed Iqbal Chaudhry, Asif Mehmood and Mian Saqib Mehmood

The purpose of this paper is to find out empirically the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth and it will also highlight the relationship…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to find out empirically the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth and it will also highlight the relationship status between the variables included in the model, either long‐ or short‐run in case of China.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses secondary data obtained from World Development Indicators over the period 1985‐2009, whose viability has also been checked through the World Bank and IFS. An Augmented Dickey‐Fuller (ADF) unit root test is used to estimate an autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) approach to co‐integration as the variables in the model are in I(1) and I(0) form and the Schwarz Bayesian Criterion (SBC) is used in this study to find out the estimated lags of the model, which are ultimately used to find out the short‐ and long‐run relationship of the variables included in the model. The error correction model (ECM) was also applied which basically provides information about the causal factors that may affect the variables included in the model.

Findings

The results provide evidence that there is an empirical relationship among FDI and economic growth. The computed value of F‐statistics is greater than the upper bond value described by Pesaran, M.H. et al., which depicts evidence against the null hypothesis of no effect and hence long‐run relationship among the variables is concluded at bottom line. Empirical evidence reveals that FDI has a positive effect on economic growth. An error correction model (ECM) is applied and the error correction term was negative and significant. This indicates that there exists a relationship between the variables. Diagnostic tests showed a lack of heteroscedisticity, confirming the validity of the model; CUSUM and CUSUMSQ tests were used to reveal the model's stability.

Practical implications

The Government of China should keep keen emphasis on the ingredients of this study so that China could reap maximum share of FDI through the achievement of positive spillovers of foreign investment, which ultimately results in its economic growth. However, the ingredients of this study depict the expenditures on security status, growth options as well as on infrastructure. This study also gives better impending in decision making about FDI in case of China.

Originality/value

This study bridges the gap between theory and practice and proves empirically the relationship between FDI and economic growth through auto regressive distributive lag approach (ARDL) to co‐integration in case of China. This research includes most dominating factors in the model which differentiate it from all previous empirical researches related to FDI's relationship with economic growth. However, this study not only pin points the new dominating factors related to this kind of relationship, but also set up a new horizon in the field of research to get groundbreaking results – in case of other countries – by following the footings set by this research.

Details

China Finance Review International, vol. 3 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2044-1398

Keywords

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