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Provides a set of guidelines that will assist Internet marketers in maintaining ethical marketing practices. Information about regulation of Internet marketing to children based on Federal Trade Commission regulations and guidelines developed by the Direct Marketing Association, Center for Media Education, and Council of Better Business Bureaux are also explained. Review of some of the Internet sites commonly visited by children provides additional guidelines for Internet marketers. Some of the issues discussed include: the use of kids’ clubs to sell products, appropriateness of content and terminology on the Web pages, information gathering/information sharing practices, and marketing practices.

Age discrimination in employment and managers' perceptions of older workers are issues that are not typically addressed in developing countries. Nor is age discrimination in employment a priority issue for policy makers and business leaders in these countries. Research was conducted in the developing country of Cyprus to evaluate Cypriot managers' perceptions of older workers and to evaluate the potential for serious age discrimination in employment issues. Results indicate there are significant differences in managers' perceptions of older workers according the manager's gender, age, and employment at public sector versus private sector companies. Significant differences also exist among managers of different ages when describing their most productive worker. These results provide some evidence of perceptual issues about age that may lead to age discrimination in employment in Cyprus. Suggestions are provided to counter these perceptions.

The practice of marketing credit cards on college campuses is becoming increasingly controversial. Critics have charged that credit card companies use unethical practices to encourage students to become overloaded with debt. In response, many colleges now ban credit card solicitors from campus. Perhaps the best way credit card companies can improve their image is to provide specific educational opportunities to students when they fill out credit applications. Includes an empirical study of the debt issues of college students. Results indicate that students can learn specific types of information that should improve their ability to manage their debt. This information includes issues associated with the frequency of use of credit cards, the payment of credit card debt, and the number of credit cards held. Makes specific educational recommendations that should be helpful to companies that currently market credit cards to college students. Results may also provide planning information to banks and credit card companies in parts of the world where credit card usage by college students is not yet widespread, but is likely to increase due to developing free market systems and the increased use of credit worldwide.

Decisions relating to adoption and use of just‐in‐time (JIT) are typically based on economic considerations. Experience with JIT systems indicates that certain non‐economic issues can arise which affect long‐term profitability. Suggests that stakeholder theory be used to consider JIT from a realistic and complete perspective. According to stakeholder theory, there are shared interests or interdependence between organizations and the various groups that have a stake in the firm. Thus organizations must consider their social responsibilities to their stakeholders, namely, economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibilities. Discusses certain aspects of JIT that can generate ethical and philanthropic concerns related to a firm′s principal stakeholders – employers, suppliers, community, owners and customer. Concludes with a list of questions to initiate the process of identifying these types of issues for each stakeholder group.

In the state of Hawaii, it has been shown that certain ethnic minority groups, such as Filipinos and Pacific Islanders, suffer disproportionally high rates of cardiovascular disease, evidence that local health-care systems and governing bodies fail to equally extend the human right to health to all. This study aims to examine whether these ethnic health disparities in cardiovascular disease persist even within an already globally disadvantaged group, the houseless population of Hawaii.

A retrospective chart review of records from Hawaii Houseless Outreach and Medical Education Project clinic sites from 2016 to 2020 was performed to gather patient demographics and reported histories of type II diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and other cardiovascular disease diagnoses. Reported disease prevalence rates were compared between larger ethnic categories as well as ethnic subgroups.

Unexpectedly, the data revealed lower reported prevalence rates of most cardiometabolic diseases among the houseless compared to the general population. However, multiple ethnic health disparities were identified, including higher rates of diabetes and obesity among Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders and higher rates of hypertension among Filipinos and Asians overall. The findings suggest that even within a generally disadvantaged houseless population, disparities in health outcomes persist between ethnic groups and that ethnocultural considerations are just as important in caring for this vulnerable population.

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study focusing on ethnic health disparities in cardiovascular disease and the structural processes that contribute to them, among a houseless population in the ethnically diverse state of Hawaii.

Developing technological innovations in healthcare is made complex and difficult due to effects upon the practices of professional, managerial and other stakeholders. Drawing upon the concept of boundary object, this paper explores the challenges of achieving effective collaboration in the development and use of a novel healthcare innovation in the English healthcare system.

A case study is presented of the development and implementation of a smart phone application (app) for use by rheumatoid arthritis patients. Over a two-year period (2015–2017), qualitative data from recorded clinical consultations (n = 17), semi-structured interviews (n = 63) and two focus groups (n = 13) were obtained from participants involved in the app's development and use (clinicians, patients, researchers, practitioners, IT specialists and managers).

The case focuses on the use of the app and its outputs as a system of inter-connected boundary objects. The analysis highlights the challenges overcome in the innovation's development and how knowledge sharing between patients and clinicians was enhanced, altering the nature of the clinical consultation. It also shows how conditions surrounding the innovation both enabled its development and inhibited its wider scale-up.

By recognizing that technological artefacts can simultaneously enable and inhibit collaboration, this paper highlights the need to overcome tensions between the transformative capability of such healthcare innovations and the inhibiting effects simultaneously created on change at a wider system level.

To interview Jill Emery, Director of the Electronic Resources Program at the University of Houston.

Ms Emery discusses licensing, electronic resource management systems, and the open access movement.

Ms Emery takes a conservative approach to topics of open access and subscription rates, and the cost/benefit ratio of implementing electronic resource management systems.

Provides substantive content on timely topics from a leader in the field.

Although standardized testing of K-12 student knowledge and understanding garners considerable attention, few observers profess satisfaction with the assessments in place. In this exploratory paper, we report on the data gathered from an open-ended email survey of small, convenience samples of teachers and researchers. Although no clear consensus about alternative assessments of students’ historical knowing and understanding emerged, we argue that the potential for a consensus exists. Any emergent consensus, however, must be negotiated with several issues in mind.

This lesson uses Steel Town to explore the making of steel and life in a steel mill town during the Great Depression. Moving through four centers, students explore resources such as photographs, first-hand accounts, recipes, and songs from the era to learn what life was like at a steel mill, in a steelworker’s home and neighborhood, and throughout the town. Based on their analyses of the resources provided, students compare the benefits and drawbacks of technology to answer the ultimate question regarding steel production: “Is it worth it?” This lesson was created for use in a second or third grade classroom but can be adjusted for older students with the extensions provided.

Democracy is learned through doing, not telling. The purpose of this paper is to report the findings from an action research project where a group of fourth-grade students participated in a simulation that explored the possibilities and the constraints of acting democratically, while faced with the dilemmas of environmental disaster and establishing a new society.

The authors studied how participating students engaged in deliberations and self-directed inquiry. The authors focused the data collection on the responses of students to the challenges presented in the simulation.

Based on the analysis of student work during the simulation and reflection on the simulation after the project, the authors documented the ways in which students critiqued authority or expressed their distrust in it, engaged in difficult deliberations around controversial issues, and developed expanded agency through inquiry-based learning.

This paper presented a model of inquiry learning that can be critical, i.e. examining issues of power and justice, while engaging in deliberation via a simulation that integrated social studies and English language arts. Creating space for young students to deliberate issues, steeped in values, and ethics, allows them to recognize the inherent tension and dissension necessary to a healthy democracy.