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Article
Publication date: 7 November 2016

Fernando Rojas and Victor Leiva

The objective of this paper is to propose a methodology based on random demand inventory models and dependence structures for a set of raw materials, referred to as “components”…

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Abstract

Purpose

The objective of this paper is to propose a methodology based on random demand inventory models and dependence structures for a set of raw materials, referred to as “components”, used by food services that produce food rations referred to as “menus”.

Design/methodology/approach

The contribution margins of food services that produce menus are optimised using random dependent demand inventory models. The statistical dependence between the demand for components and/or menus is incorporated into the model through the multivariate Gaussian (or normal) distribution. The contribution margins are optimised by using probabilistic inventory models for each component and stochastic programming with a differential evolution algorithm.

Findings

When compared to the non-optimised system previously used by the company, the (average) expected contribution margin increases by 18.32 per cent when using a continuous review inventory model for groceries and uniperiodic models for perishable components (optimised system).

Research limitations/implications

The multivariate modeling can be improved by using (a) other non-Gaussian (marginal) univariate probability distributions, by means of the copula method that considers more complex statistical dependence structures; (b) time-dependence, through autoregressive time-series structures and moving average; (c) random modelling of lead-time; and (d) demands for components with values equal to zero using zero-inflated or adjusted probability distribution.

Practical implications

Professional management of the supply chain allows the users to register data concerning component identification, demand, and stock levels to subsequently be used with the proposed methodology, which must be implemented computationally.

Originality/value

The proposed multivariate methodology allows it to describe demand dependence structures through inventory models applicable to components used to produce menus in food services.

Propuesta

Este trabajo propone una metodología basada en modelos de inventarios con demanda aleatoria y estructura de dependencia para un conjunto de materias primas, denominadas “componentes”, usadas por servicios de alimentación que producen raciones alimenticias denominadas “menús”.

Diseño/Metodología

Los margen de contribución de servicios de alimentación que producen menús son optimizados empleando modelos de inventarios con demandas aleatorias dependientes. La dependencia estadística entre demandas de componentes y/o menús es incorporada en el modelado mediante la distribución gaussiana (o normal) multivariada. La optimización de los márgenes de contribución se logra usando modelos de inventarios probabilísticos para cada componente y programación estocástica mediante el algoritmo de evolución diferencial.

Resultados

El margen de contribución esperado (promedio) aumenta en un 18,32% usando modelos de inventario de revisión continua para abarrotes y modelos uniperiódicos para componentes perecederos (sistema optimizado), en relación al sistema no optimizado usado anteriormente por la compañía.

Originalidad

La metodología multivariada propuesta permite describir estructuras de dependencia de la demanda mediante modelos de inventario aplicables a componentes usados para producir menús en servicios de alimentación.

Implicancias prácticas

Una administración profesional de la gestión de la cadena de suministros permite registrar datos de la identificación del componente, su demanda y sus niveles de stock para ser usados posteriormente con la metodología propuesta, la que debe estar implementada computacionalmente.

Limitaciones

El modelado multivariado puede ser mejorado (a) utilizando distribuciones probabilísticas univariadas (marginales) distintas a la gaussiana, mediante métodos de cópulas que recojan estructuras de dependencia estadística más complejas; (b) considerando demandas de componentes con valores iguales a cero, mediante distribuciones probabilísticas infladas en cero; (c) usando dependencia temporal, mediante estructuras de series de tiempo autorregresivas y de media móvil, y (d) modelando el lead-time en forma aleatoria.

Article
Publication date: 21 July 2022

Yujia Chen, Tao Xue, Aarni Tuomi and Ziya Wang

Given little light has been shed on the preference of Generation Z tourists or tourists from different cultural backgrounds toward service robot preference in hospitality…

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Abstract

Purpose

Given little light has been shed on the preference of Generation Z tourists or tourists from different cultural backgrounds toward service robot preference in hospitality contexts, this study aims to explore robot service preferences in the accommodation sector in the Chinese market, with a specific focus of Generation Z customers.

Design/methodology/approach

This study followed an exploratory sequential research design including two qualitative methods (i.e. projective techniques and semistructured interviews) to reach its objectives.

Findings

This study suggests that service robots are more preferred for routine tasks and gender differences exist in the preference of service robot’s anthropomorphism level. The preferences are driven by four factors based on different levels of hedonic and utilitarian values: experienced-hedonic value, utilitarian-hedonic value, task-relevant value and utilitarian value.

Research limitations/implications

First, because of the exploratory nature of this study, the data interpretation is unavoidably subjective; therefore, the results can be confirmed by using a more rigorous research method. Second, this study only focuses on the preference of Generation Z customers in China in the hotel sector; as the cultural differences exist in different countries, this study’s findings cannot be readily generalized across populations and service contexts. Finally, this study fails to dig into the effect of gender differences on varying levels of anthropomorphic attributes.

Practical implications

As hotels adopt service robots more widely, managers need to identify customers’ service preferences and prioritize tasks between robots and human resources for more efficient service. Particularly important is understanding the benefits and challenges of specific robot implementations rather than looking for a one-size-fits-all mode of operation.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to understand robot service preference with regard to specific tourist groups in illustrating their preference for service delivery. Drawing on self-determination theory, this study potentially provides a theoretical basis for hotel service process optimization.

目的

本研究从接待业情景出发, 针对中国Z世代游客在住宿业环境下对机器人服务使用偏好进行了探索性研究, 并对导致该偏好所产生的关键因素进行了探索。

设计/方法学/方法

本研究遵循了探索性次序研究设计步骤, 通过投射技术和半结构化访谈相结合的定性方法对本文研究目标进行了回答。

研究发现

研究表明, 顾客对服务机器人日常服务事项表现出明显偏好, 但是, 对于服务机器人的拟人化水平偏好存在性别化差异。根据享乐主义和实用主义价值的不同维度角来看, 游客偏好差异的产生主要受到四种价值取向驱动, 包括:1)享乐—体验价值驱动; 2)实用—享乐价值驱动; 3)任务相关价值驱动; 4)实用价值驱动。

研究局限/启示

由于本研究是探索性研究, 且对投射技术和半结构化访谈数据的解释具有一定主观性, 建议未来通过更加严格的研究方法来验证分析结果。此外, 由于是在中国酒店行业特殊的语境和背景下进行的研究, 存在一定跨国文化差异, 其结论在跨种族和跨服务背景的适用性仍待进一步验证。最后, 本研究未能进一步深入探讨性别差异对不同层次拟人化属性的影响。

实践启示

随着服务机器人在酒店业的普及, 管理者需要识别顾客的服务偏好, 在具体任务分配过程中, 需要对服务机器人和员工的使用安排进行优先等级划分, 以此全面提高服务效率。最重要的是, 要充分了解使用机器人的利与弊, 而不是通过一刀切的方式管理酒店服务。

原创性/价值

本研究首次对特定游客群体(Z世代)对于服务机器人使用偏好进行了研究, 从自主决策理论出发阐述了他们对服务提供者的使用偏好差异及其驱动因素, 为优化酒店服务流程提供了理论指导和实证证据。

Diseño/metodología/enfoque

Este estudio se diseñó bajo una investigación secuencial exploratoria que incluyó dos métodos cualitativos (es decir, técnicas proyectivas y entrevistas semiestructuradas) para alcanzar sus objetivos.

Propósito

Dado que se ha arrojado poca luz sobre la preferencia de los turistas de la Generación Z o de los turistas de diferentes orígenes culturales hacia los servicios de robótica en el sector alojativo, este estudio tiene como objetivo explorar las preferencias de servicios de robots en el sector del alojamiento en China, con un enfoque específico hacia la Generación Z.

Conclusiones

Este estudio sugiere que los robots de servicio son más preferidos para tareas rutinarias, existiendo diferencias de género en la preferencia del nivel de antropomorfismo del robot de servicio. Las preferencias están impulsadas por cuatro factores basados en diferentes niveles de valores hedónicos y utilitarios: 1) valor hedónico experimentado, 2) valor hedónico utilitario, 3) valor relevante para la tarea y 4) valor utilitario.

Limitaciones/implicaciones de la investigación

Primero, debido a la naturaleza exploratoria de este estudio, la interpretación de los datos es inevitablemente subjetiva, por lo tanto, los resultados pueden confirmarse utilizando un método de investigación más riguroso. Además, este estudio solo se enfoca en la preferencia de los clientes de la Generación Z para el sector hotelero en China, ya que las diferencias culturales existentes en diferentes países, no pueden generalizarse fácilmente entre poblaciones y contextos de servicio. Por último, este estudio no profundiza en el efecto de las diferencias de género en los distintos niveles de atributos antropomórficos.

Implicaciones prácticas

A medida que los hoteles vayan adoptando servicios con robots, los gerentes deberían identificar las preferencias de servicio de los clientes y priorizar tareas para robots o para recursos humanos cara a un servicio más eficiente. Particularmente importante es comprender los beneficios y desafíos de las implementaciones de robots específicos, en lugar de buscar un modo de operación único para todos.

Originalidad/valor

Este es el primer estudio que comprende la preferencia de servicios de robots con respecto a grupos de turistas específicos para ilustrar su preferencia por la prestación de servicios. Basándose en la teoría de la autodeterminación, este estudio proporciona potencialmente una base teórica para la optimización del proceso de servicio del hotel.

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 23 November 2023

Chetana Balakrishna Maddodi and Pallavi Upadhyaya

The purpose of this study is to review and synthesize the literature on in-app advertising, identify gaps and propose future research directions.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to review and synthesize the literature on in-app advertising, identify gaps and propose future research directions.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors use a systematic literature review (SLR) approach, following the PRISMA guidelines, to investigate the current state of research in in-app advertising. The study uses 44 shortlisted articles from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. Using the Theory-Context-Characteristics-Methodology (TCCM) framework, the authors analyze the gaps in theory, context, characteristics and methods.

Findings

Using thematic analysis, the authors identify five main themes in the in-app advertising literature, namely, ad platform optimization; mobile app user psychology and behavior; ad effectiveness; ad fraud; and security, privacy and other user concerns. The findings show the need for empirical research, with a strong theoretical foundation in emerging ad formats of in-app advertising, user behavior and buy-side of in-app advertising.

Originality/value

This is a maiden study to conduct a domain-based SLR in the emerging field of in-app advertising using the TCCM framework. The authors highlight the key differences between in-app advertising and mobile web advertising. The authors propose theories in the advertising field that could be used in future empirical studies of in-app advertising.

Propósito

El propósito de esta investigación es revisar y sintetizar la literatura sobre la publicidad en Apps, identificar lagunas y proponer futuras direcciones de investigación.

Diseño

Utilizamos un enfoque de revisión sistemática de la literatura, siguiendo las directrices PRISMA, para investigar el estado actual de la investigación en publicidad en aplicaciones. El estudio utiliza 44 artículos preseleccionados de las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science (WoS). Utilizando el marco Teoría-Contexto-Características-Metodología (TCCM), analizamos las lagunas en teoría, contexto, características y métodos.

Conclusiones

Mediante un análisis temático, identificamos cinco temas principales en la literatura sobre publicidad en aplicaciones, a saber: optimización de plataformas publicitarias; psicología y comportamiento de los usuarios de aplicaciones móviles; eficacia publicitaria; fraude publicitario; seguridad, privacidad y otras preocupaciones de los usuarios. Nuestros hallazgos muestran la necesidad de investigación empírica, con una sólida base teórica en los formatos publicitarios emergentes de la publicidad en Apps, el comportamiento del usuario y el buy-side de la publicidad en Apps.

Originalidad

Se trata de un estudio pionero para realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura basada en el dominio en el campo emergente de la publicidad en Apps utilizando el marco TCCM. Destacamos las principales diferencias entre la publicidad en aplicaciones y la publicidad en la web para móviles. Proponemos teorías en el campo de la publicidad que podrían utilizarse en futuros estudios empíricos sobre la publicidad en Apps.

目的

本研究旨在回顾和总结有关应用内广告的文献, 找出差距并提出未来的研究方向。

设计

我们采用系统性文献综述方法, 遵循 PRISMA 指南, 调查应用内广告的研究现状。研究使用了 Scopus 和 Web of Science (WoS) 数据库中的 44 篇入围文章。利用理论-背景-特征-方法(TCCM)框架, 我们分析了理论、背景、特征和方法方面的差距。

研究结果

通过主题分析, 我们确定了应用内广告文献的五大主题, 即广告平台优化; 移动应用用户心理和行为; 广告效果; 广告欺诈; 安全、隐私和其他用户关注点。我们的研究结果表明, 有必要在应用内广告的新兴广告形式、用户行为和应用内广告买方等方面开展实证研究, 并奠定坚实的理论基础。

独创性

这是一项首次使用 TCCM 框架对新兴的应用内广告领域进行基于领域的系统性文献综述的研究。我们强调了应用内广告与移动网络广告的主要区别。我们提出了广告领域的理论, 可用于未来的应用内广告实证研究。

Article
Publication date: 24 July 2019

Elyn Lizeth Solano Charris, Jairo Rafael Montoya-Torres and William Guerrero-Rueda

The purpose of this paper is to present a decision support system (DSS) for a Colombian public utility company in order to aid decision-making at the operational level regarding…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present a decision support system (DSS) for a Colombian public utility company in order to aid decision-making at the operational level regarding route planning and travel time. The aim is to provide a tool to assist technicians that perform interruption and reconnection of domiciliary services for about 2,000 customers a day.

Design/methodology/approach

The real-life problem is modeled as a Single Depot Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows (SDVRP-TW), which is a well-known optimization problem in Operations Research/Management Science. A two-stage approach integrated into decision-making software is provided. The first stage considers the clustering of customers generated by a combination of the sweep and the k-means algorithms, while the second phase plans the routing of technicians using the nearest-neighbor and the Or-opt heuristics. The proposed approach is tested using real data sets.

Findings

In comparison with the current route planning approach, the proposed method is able to obtain savings in total travel times, improving operational productivity by 22.2 percent.

Research limitations/implications

Since the analysis is carried out based on mathematical modeling, assumptions about the relationships between variables and elements of the actual complex problem might be simplified. Although the proposed approach aids the route planning, decision makers make the final decisions.

Practical implications

The proposed DSS has a critical impact on actual operational practices at the company. Productivity and service level are improved, while reducing operational costs. The decision-making process itself will be improved so technicians and higher decision makers can focus on performing other tasks.

Originality/value

The real-life problem is modeled using mathematical programming and efficiently solved through a two-stage approach based on simple, quite intuitive, solution procedures that have not been implemented for such services. In addition, as actual data from the company is employed for experimental purposes, the solution approach is tested and its efficiency and efficacy are both validated in a realistic setting, hence providing realistic behavior for decision makers at the company.

Propósito

presentar un sistema de soporte a las decisiones (Decision Support System, DSS) para una empresa colombiana de servicios públicos con el fin de apoyar el proceso de toma de decisiones a nivel operativo en lo relacionado con la planeación de rutas y el tiempo de servicio. El objetivo es suministrar una herramienta que ayude a los técnicos a desempeñar el servicio de corte y reconección de servicios domiciliarios para aproximadamente 2000 clientes por día.

Diseño/metodología/enfoque

el problema de una empresa real es modelado como un problema de enrutamiento de vehículos un único depósito y ventanas de tiempo (Single Depot Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows, SDVRP-TW). Éste es un problema de optimización muy conocido en Investigación de Operaciones / Ciencias de la Administración. Se presenta un enfoque de dos etapas integrado en un software de ayuda a la toma de decisiones. La primera etapa considera el agrupamiento de los clientes generado por una combinación de los algoritmos del barrido y el k-media, mientras que la segunda fase define el plan de rutas para los técnicos utilizando las heurísticas de vecino más cercano y Or-opt. El enfoque propuesto es validado empleando datos reales.

Hallazgos

en comparación con el plan de rutas actualmente utilizado por la empresa, el método propuesto es capaz de obtener ahorros en el tiempo total de viaje incrementando la eficiencia operativa en un 22.2%.

Limitaciones de la invstigación/implicaciones

puesto que el análisis se lleva a cabo a partir de un modelo matemático, los supuestos sobre las relaciones entre las variables y los elementos del sistema real complejo podrían simplificarse. Además, aunque el sistema propuesto realiza la planeación de rutas, la decisión final es tomada finalmente por las personas.

Implicaciones prácticas

el DSS propuesto tiene un impacto crítico en la práctica operativa real de la empresa. La productividad y el nivel de servicio se mejoran, mientras se reducen los costos operativos. El proceso de toma de decisiones en sí mismo se verá mejorado pues los técnicos y los tomadores de decisiones pueden enfocarse en realizar otras tareas.

Originalidad/valor

el problema real es modelado utilizando programación matemática y se resuelve de forma efectiva con un procedimiento de dos etapas sencillo y básicamente intuitivo que no ha sido puesto en marcha antes para tales empresas de servicios. Además, puesto que datos reales de la empresa son utilizados en la experimentación, el enfoque de solución es validado y su eficiencia y eficacia son comprobadas en un ambiente real, suministrando así un comportamiento real para los tomadores de decisiones en la empresa.

Article
Publication date: 29 November 2018

Gustavo Ferro, Carlos A. Romero and Exequiel Romero-Gómez

The purpose of this paper is to build performance indicators to assess efficiency for First Instance Federal Courts in Argentina and study the determinants of efficiency in…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to build performance indicators to assess efficiency for First Instance Federal Courts in Argentina and study the determinants of efficiency in Criminal Instruction Courts.

Design/methodology/approach

The efficiency scores were determined using data envelopment analysis with a database for the period 2006–2010. Then, a search of the efficiency determinants in the Criminal Instruction Courts was performed. Four output-oriented models were developed based on various explanatory and environmental variables.

Findings

Workload is an environmental variable that significantly increased the average levels of efficiency. When analyzing explanatory factors of the efficiency levels of the Criminal Instruction Courts, surrogate judges and temporary staff are more efficient on average than tenured judges and staff.

Research limitations/implications

The method chosen permits flexibility in the analysis. Future research would be interesting to develop the underlying economic model using econometric methods.

Practical implications

This paper’s contribution is twofold: first, to estimate the relative efficiency for all First Instance Federal Courts in every jurisdiction; and second, to explain the differences in efficiency in the Criminal Instruction Courts.

Social implications

This study has the potential to greatly impact the discussion of how to structure judicial procedures (from the benchmarking between different branches of Federal justice) and in the design of incentives in a judicial career (e.g. tenured vs temporary judges and clerical employees, the role of seniority of judges and clerical employees and the impact of gender in performance).

Originality/value

To the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first scholarly article to measure efficiency in Argentine justice system using mathematical programming and econometric methods. It has academic interest since it advances on the comprehension of the underlying production function of justice service provision. The paper also has social and practical implications since it permits contributing to the institutional design and opens the discussion for further sequels with other methods and complementary purposes.

Details

Benchmarking: An International Journal, vol. 25 no. 9
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1463-5771

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 20 June 2022

Ruby-Alejandra Villamil, Natalia Escobar, Laura Natalia Romero, Ribka Huesa, Anny Valentina Plazas, Carina Gutiérrez and Gloria Elizabeth Robelto

This paper aims to study the use of pumpkin pulp and its by-products in food formulation. Pumpkins are important and useful in the food industry. However, only the pulp is used…

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to study the use of pumpkin pulp and its by-products in food formulation. Pumpkins are important and useful in the food industry. However, only the pulp is used, and the shell and seeds are wasted, which represents an important food waste.

Design/methodology/approach

A systematic review was performed by searching electronic databases relating to the physicochemical, textural and sensory effects of the pumpkin pulp and its by-products’ incorporation into foods. No human subjects were involved, and ethical approval was not required.

Findings

Pumpkin seeds and shell have been included in quite a variety of products. The primary effects on the physicochemical properties of bakery products, dairy products, beverages and snacks are the increase in energy, protein, iron, calcium, carotene content and textural properties (hardness, chewiness, snapping force and viscosity).

Research limitations/implications

Limitations comprise the heterogeneity of the studies included, which causes varied results.

Originality/value

It was evidenced that pumpkin is already included in food products, especially in bakery products. However, there are not many products where the shell and seeds are used. Therefore, it is a field to be explored, as these by-products have great potential both to enrich food products and to reduce food waste contributing to sustainability.

Details

Nutrition & Food Science , vol. 53 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 September 1997

A. Hernández, J. Albizuri, M.B.G. Ajuria and M.V. Hormaza

Proposes an automatic adaptive meshing scheme. Error in strain energy is directly obtained through strain energy density function (SED). Versatility of this function, in…

Abstract

Proposes an automatic adaptive meshing scheme. Error in strain energy is directly obtained through strain energy density function (SED). Versatility of this function, in comparison with that of others, is looked at in detail. Mesh enrichment method consists of a series of h‐refinement steps and concludes with a single p‐refinement step. Adds that an examination of the accuracy of the element used in the refinement procedure is made. This scheme has been implemented in ZATILAN, a FE code developed in the Department of the Mechanical Engineering of the University of the Basque Country.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 14 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

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