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Article
Publication date: 19 September 2019

Pengcheng Wang, Dengfeng Zhang and Baochun Lu

Considering the external disturbances and dynamic uncertainties during the process of the trajectory tracking, this paper aims to address the problem of the welding robot…

Abstract

Purpose

Considering the external disturbances and dynamic uncertainties during the process of the trajectory tracking, this paper aims to address the problem of the welding robot trajectory tracking with guaranteed accuracy.

Design/methodology/approach

The controller consists sliding mode control, fuzzy control and low pass filter. The controller adopts low-pass filter to reduce the high frequency chattering control signal in sliding mode control. The fuzzy control model is used to simulate the external disturbance signal and the dynamic uncertainty signal, so that the controller can effectively restrain the chattering caused by the sliding mode control algorithm, realizing the track of the welding robot effectively and improving the robustness of the robot.

Findings

An innovative experiment device was adopted to realize the performance of the proposed controller. Considering the kinematic and dynamic uncertainty during the process of robot tracking, the tracking accuracy was realized within 0.3 mm.

Originality/value

This paper uses Lyapunov stability theory and Barbalat theorem to analyze the stability of the proposed controller.

Details

Industrial Robot: the international journal of robotics research and application, vol. 47 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-991X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 4 January 2013

Gokhan Bayar

The purpose of this paper is to present work which is a part of the Comprehensive Automation for Specialty Crops project (CASC). Desired trajectory tracking objective has been…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present work which is a part of the Comprehensive Automation for Specialty Crops project (CASC). Desired trajectory tracking objective has been previously performed by using a non‐model based approach in this project. Long distance autonomous drive has been achieved; however the results haven't met the expectations of the project requirements. In order to provide these requirements, this study is conducted. In this study, long distance autonomous trajectory tracking for an orchard vehicle is studied. Besides longitudinal motion, lateral motion of the vehicle is also considered. The longitudinal and lateral errors are objected to keep into a region of less than 10 cm.

Design/methodology/approach

Car‐like robot kinematic modeling approach is used to create desired trajectory. In order to control longitudinal velocity and steering angle of the vehicle, a controller methodology is proposed. Stability of the controller proposed is shown by using Lyapunov stability approach.

Findings

The proposed model is adapted into a four‐wheeled autonomous orchard vehicle and tested in an experimental orchard for long distance autonomous drives. More than 15 km autonomous drive is successfully achieved and the details are presented in this paper.

Originality/value

In this study, long distance autonomous trajectory tracking for an orchard vehicle is focused. A model based control strategy, including the information about longitudinal and lateral motion of the vehicle, is constructed. A new approach to create steering angles for turning operations of the orchard vehicle is introduced. It is objected that the longitudinal and lateral errors should be less than 10 cm during the trajectory tracking task.

Details

Industrial Robot: An International Journal, vol. 40 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-991X

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 17 June 2021

Nigar Ahmed and Mou Chen

The purpose of this research paper is to design a disturbance observer-based control based on the robust model reference adaptive backstepping sliding-mode control for attitude…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this research paper is to design a disturbance observer-based control based on the robust model reference adaptive backstepping sliding-mode control for attitude quadrotor model subject to uncertainties and disturbances.

Design/methodology/approach

To estimate and reject the disturbance, a disturbance observer is designed for the exogenous disturbances with perturbation while a control criterion is developed for the tracking of desired output. To achieve the control performance, backstepping and sliding-mode control techniques are patched together to obtain robust chattering-free controller. Furthermore, a model reference adaptive control criterion is also combined with the design of robust control for the estimation and rejection of uncertainties and unmodeled dynamics of the attitude quadrotor.

Findings

The findings of this research work includes the design of a disturbance observer-based control for uncertain attitude quadrotor system with the ability of achieving tracking control objective in the presence of nonlinear exogenous disturbance with and without perturbation.

Practical implications

In practice, the quadrotor flight is opposed by different kinds of the disturbances. In addition, being an underactuated system, it is difficult to obtain an accurate mathematical model of quadrotor for the control design. Thus, a quadrotor model with uncertainties and disturbances is inevitable. Hence, it is necessary to design a control system with the ability to achieve the control objectives in the presence of uncertainties and disturbances.

Originality/value

Designing the control methods for quadrotor control without uncertainties and disturbances is a common practice. However, investigating the uncertain quadrotor plant in the presence of nonlinear disturbances is rarely taken into consideration for the control design. Hence, this paper presents a control algorithm to address the issues of the uncertainties and disturbances as well as investigate a control algorithm to achieve tracking performance.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 93 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1748-8842

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 3 September 2020

Madhusmita Panda, Bikramaditya Das, Bidyadhar Subudhi and Bibhuti Bhusan Pati

In this paper, an adaptive fuzzy sliding mode controller (AFSMC) is developed for the formation control of a team of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) subjected to unknown…

Abstract

Purpose

In this paper, an adaptive fuzzy sliding mode controller (AFSMC) is developed for the formation control of a team of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) subjected to unknown payload mass variations during their mission.

Design/methodology/approach

A sliding mode controller (SMC) is designed to drive the state trajectories of the AUVs to a switching surface in the state space. The payload mass variation results in parameter variation in AUV dynamics leading to actuator failure. This further leads to loss of communication among the members of the team. Hence, an adaptive SMC based on fuzzy logic is developed to maintain the coordinated motion of AUVs with payload mass variation.

Findings

The results are obtained by employing adaptive SMC for AUVs with and without payload variations and are compared. It is observed that the proposed adaptive SMC exhibits improved performance and tracks the desired trajectory in less time even with variation in the payload. The adaptive fuzzy control algorithm is developed to handle variation in payload mass variation. Lyapunov theory is used to establish stability of AFSMC controller.

Research limitations/implications

Perfect alignment is assumed between centres of gravity (OG) and buoyancy (OB), thus AUVs maintaining horizontal stability during motion. The AUVs’ body centres are aligned with centres of gravity (OG), thus the distance vector being rg = [0,0,0]T. As it is a tracking problem, sway motion cannot be neglected as the AUVs are travelling in a curved locus, hence susceptible to Coriolis and centripetal forces. The AUV is underactuated as only two thrusters at the stern plate that are employed for the surge and yaw controls and error in Y- direction are controlled by adjusting control input in surge and heave direction. Control inputs to the thruster are constants, and depth control is achieved by adjusting the rudder angle.

Practical implications

AUVs are employed in military mission or surveys, and they carry heavy weapons or instrument to be deployed at or picked from specific locations. Such tasks lead to variation in payload, causing overall mass variation during an AUV’s motion. A sudden change in the mass after an AUV release or pick load results in variation in depth and average velocity.

Social implications

The proposed controller can be useful for military missions for carrying warfare and hydrographic surveys for deploying instruments.

Originality/value

A proposed non-linear SMC has been designed, and its performances have been verified in terms of tracking error in X, Y and Z directions. An adaptive fuzzy SMC has been modelled using quantized state information to compensate payload variation. The stability of AFSMC controller is established by using Lyapunov theorem, and reachability of the sliding surface is ensured.

Details

International Journal of Intelligent Unmanned Systems, vol. 9 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2049-6427

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 March 2005

Marissa Condon and Rossen Ivanov

Nonlinear dynamical systems may, under certain conditions, be represented by a bilinear system. The paper is concerned with the construction of the controllability and…

Abstract

Purpose

Nonlinear dynamical systems may, under certain conditions, be represented by a bilinear system. The paper is concerned with the construction of the controllability and observability gramians for the corresponding bilinear system. Such gramians form the core of model reduction schemes involving balancing.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper examines certain properties of the bilinear system and identifies parameters that capture important information relating to the behaviour of the system.

Findings

Novel approaches for the determination of approximate constant gramians for use in balancing‐type model reduction techniques are presented. Numerical examples are given which indicate the efficacy of the proposed formulations.

Research limitations/implications

The systems under consideration are restricted to the so‐called weakly nonlinear systems, i.e. those without strong nonlinearities where the essential type of behaviour of the system is determined by its linear part.

Practical implications

The suggested methods lead to an improvement in the accuracy of model reduction. Model reduction is a vital aspect of modern system simulation.

Originality/value

The proposed novel approaches for model reduction are particularly beneficial for the design of controllers for nonlinear systems and for the design of radio‐frequency integrated circuits.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 24 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 10 April 2019

Erdem Ilten and Metin Demirtas

To meet the need of reducing the cost of industrial systems, sensorless control applications on electrical machines are increasing day by day. This paper aims to improve the…

Abstract

Purpose

To meet the need of reducing the cost of industrial systems, sensorless control applications on electrical machines are increasing day by day. This paper aims to improve the performance of the sensorless induction motor control system. To do this, the speed observer is designed based on the combination of the sliding mode and the fractional order integral.

Design/methodology/approach

Super-twisting sliding mode (STSM) and Grünwald–Letnikov approach are used on the proposed observer. The stability of the proposed observer is verified by using Lyapunov method. Then, the observer coefficients are optimized for minimizing the steady-state error and chattering amplitude. The optimum coefficients (c1, c2, ki and λ) are obtained by using response surface method. To verify the effectiveness of proposed observer, a large number of experiments are performed for different operation conditions, such as different speeds (500, 1,000 and 1,500 rpm) and loads (100 and 50 per cent loads). Parameter uncertainties (rotor inertia J and friction factor F) are tested to prove the robustness of the proposed method. All these operation conditions are applied for both proportional integral (PI) and fractional order STSM (FOSTSM) observers and their performances are compared.

Findings

The observer model is tested with optimum coefficients to validate the proposed observer effectiveness. At the beginning, the motor is started without load. When it reaches reference speed, the motor is loaded. Estimated speed and actual speed trends are compared. The results are presented in tables and figures. As a result, the FOSTSM observer has less steady-state error than the PI observer for all operation conditions. However, chattering amplitudes are lower in some operation conditions. In addition, the proposed observer shows more robustness against the parameter changes than the PI observer.

Practical implications

The proposed FOSTSM observer can be applied easily for industrial variable speed drive systems which are using induction motor to improve the performance and stability.

Originality/value

The robustness of the STSM and the memory-intensive structure of the fractional order integral are combined to form a robust and flexible observer. This paper grants the lower steady-state error and chattering amplitude for sensorless speed control of the induction motor in different speed and load operation conditions. In addition, the proposed observer shows high robustness against the parameter uncertainties.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering , vol. 38 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 7 August 2017

Zhiguang Chen, Chenguang Yang, Xin Liu and Min Wang

The purpose of this paper is to study the controller design of flexible manipulator. Flexible manipulator system is a nonlinear, strong coupling, time-varying system, which is…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the controller design of flexible manipulator. Flexible manipulator system is a nonlinear, strong coupling, time-varying system, which is introduced elastodynamics in the study and complicated to control. However, due to the flexible manipulator, system has a significant advantage in response speed, control accuracy and load weight ratio to attract a lot of researchers.

Design/methodology/approach

Since the order of flexible manipulator system is high, designing controller process will be complex, and have a large amount of calculation, but this paper will use the dynamic surface control method to solve this problem.

Findings

Dynamic surface control method as a controller design method which can effectively solve the problem with the system contains nonlinear and reduced design complexity.

Originality/value

The authors assume that the dynamic parameters of flexible manipulator system are unknown, and use Radial Basis Function neural network to approach the unknown system, combined with the dynamic surface control method to design the controller.

Details

Assembly Automation, vol. 37 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-5154

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 2 October 2017

Chung-Hsun Sun, Sheng-Kai Huang, Hsuan Chen, Cheng-Wei Ye, Yin-Tien Wang and Wen-June Wang

Based on laser-range-finder (LRF) sensing, the control design of location and orientation stabilization for the mobile robot is investigated. However, the practical limitation of…

Abstract

Purpose

Based on laser-range-finder (LRF) sensing, the control design of location and orientation stabilization for the mobile robot is investigated. However, the practical limitation of the LRF sensing is usually ignored in the control design, which leads to incorrect localization and unexpected control results. The purpose of this study is to design the fuzzy controller subject to the practical limitation on the LRF-based localization for a differentially driven wheeled mobile robot.

Design/methodology/approach

First, the Takagi–Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model is derived from the polar kinematic model of a differentially driven mobile robot. Then, the fuzzy controller is designed to the derived T-S fuzzy kinematic model in accordance with the Lyapunov stabilization theorem. The derived Lyapunov stabilization conditions for the fuzzy control design are expressed as the linear matrix inequality (LMI) form and effectively solved by LMI tools. The practical limitation on the LRF-based localization is also expressed as the LMI form and simultaneously solved with the control design.

Finding

The location and posture stabilization experiments are carried out on a mobile robot with LRF-based localization to prove the effectiveness of the proposed T-S fuzzy model-based control design. Furthermore, the ground truth experiment evaluates the accuracy of LRF-based localization.

Originality/value

The contribution of this study is to develop the fuzzy control law for a differentially driven wheeled mobile robot under the practical limitation on LRF-based localization. The proposed control design can be applied to other robots with practical limitations on the sensors.

Details

Engineering Computations, vol. 34 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0264-4401

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 27 January 2022

ZY Chen, Yahui Meng, Ruei-Yuan Wang and Timothy Chen

To prove the effectiveness of the proposed design method, this study aims to propose the Fisher equation and temperature cooling fins that control high-speed aerospace vehicles.

Abstract

Purpose

To prove the effectiveness of the proposed design method, this study aims to propose the Fisher equation and temperature cooling fins that control high-speed aerospace vehicles.

Design/methodology/approach

A new approach whereby the control of aerospace vehicles can be achieved by fuzzy controller and appropriate Navier–Stokes equations in this article. The design of the controller based on models of Navier–Stokes equations simplified complex mathematical simulations and approximations.

Findings

If the fuzzy controller cannot stabilize the system, the Navier–Stokes fuzzy function is injected into the system as a controller tool, and the system is asymptotically stabilized by adjusting the fuzzy parameters.

Originality/value

The simulation results show that if the tuning frequency is high enough, the fuzzy controller and fuzzy observer can create chaotic movements by adjusting the dither amplitude appropriately. The demonstration of the Fisher equation and the temperature-cooled fin control problem for high-speed aerospace vehicles has displayed the benefits of combining fuzzy control with the Navier–Stokes equation.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 94 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1748-8842

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 4 September 2019

Navya Thirumaleshwar Hegde, V.I. George, C. Gurudas Nayak and Kamlesh Kumar

The purpose of this paper is to give reviews on the platform modeling and design of a controller for autonomous vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) tilt rotor hybrid unmanned…

1211

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to give reviews on the platform modeling and design of a controller for autonomous vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) tilt rotor hybrid unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Nowadays, UAVs have experienced remarkable progress and can be classified into two main types, i.e. fixed-wing UAVs and VTOL UAVs. The mathematical model of tilt rotor UAV is time variant, multivariable and non-linear in nature. Solving and understanding these plant models is very complex. Developing a control algorithm to improve the performance and stability of a UAV is a challenging task.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper gives a thorough description on modeling of VTOL tilt rotor UAV from first principle theory. The review of the design of both linear and non-linear control algorithms are explained in detail. The robust flight controller for the six degrees of freedom UAV has been designed using H-infinity optimization with loop shaping under external wind and aerodynamic disturbances.

Findings

This review will act as a basis for the future work on modeling and control of VTOL tilt rotor UAV by the researchers. The development of self-guided and fully autonomous UAVs would result in reducing the risk to human life. Civil applications include inspection of rescue teams, terrain, coasts, border patrol buildings, police and pipelines. The simulation results show that the controller achieves robust stability, good adaptability and robust performance.

Originality/value

The review articles on quadrotors/quadcopters, hybrid UAVs can be found in many literature, but there are comparatively a lesser amount of review articles on the detailed description of VTOL Tilt rotor UAV. In this paper modeling, platform design and control algorithms for the tilt rotor are presented. A robust H-infinity loop shaping controller in the presence of disturbances is designed for VTOL UAV.

Details

International Journal of Intelligent Unmanned Systems, vol. 8 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2049-6427

Keywords

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