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The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of punching on the local magnetic properties of the nonoriented electrical steel sheet.

A microcomposite B–H sensor consisting of a pair of B probes with a spacing of 2 mm and a 1.8 × 1.8 mm² H coil is designed. The region and degree of local magnetic properties degradation caused by punching can be quantitatively analyzed by flexibly moving the composite B–H sensor. The influence and physical mechanism of punching on the hysteresis loss, eddy current loss and excess loss are analyzed based on the Bertotti loss separation theory.

This study investigates the deterioration effect of the punched nonoriented electrical steel. The permeability near the edge decreases, and the core loss as well as the microhardness increases. The region of magnetic property deterioration is dependent on the area of work hardening.

The microcomposite B–H sensor can be used to measure the magnetic properties near the edge of electrical steel sheets under different processing conditions. This study provides the possibility of precise magnetic property model of the motor core after punching, especially valuable for motors without annealing process.

Magnetic properties of electrical steel are affected by mechanical stress. In electrical machines, influences because of manufacturing and assembling and because of operation cause a mechanical stress distribution inside the steel lamination. The purpose of this study is to analyse the local mechanical stress distribution and its consequences for the magnetic properties which must be considered when designing electrical machines.

In this paper, an approach for modelling stress-dependent magnetic material properties such as magnetic flux density using a continuous local material model is presented.

The presented model shows a good approximation to measurement results for mechanical tensile stress up to 100 MPa for the studied material.

The presented model allows a simple determination of model parameters by using stress-dependent magnetic material measurements. The model can also be used to determine a scalar mechanical stress distribution by using a known magnetic flux density distribution.

The purpose of this paper is to reduce computation time of magnetic characteristic analysis considering 2D vector magnetic properties.

The paper proposes a complex E&S modelling with assumption that both flux density and field strength waveforms are sinusoidal. The computation time of the complex E&S modeling becomes 1/10 in comparison with one of the conventional E&S modeling. This modeling is applicable up to 1.4 T of the local magnetic flux density condition in the case of non‐oriented magnetic materials.

In the results of the magnetic field analyses of a linear‐induction motor model core by means of the finite element method taking account of the complex E&S modeling, the distributions of the flux density and the field strength were able to be approximately analyzed and their phase differences in space were represented. The results of the magnetic characteristic analysis of the linear‐induction motor showed that the teeth‐end shape had large influences on the thrust and cogging.

This technique helps to know approximately local vector magnetic properties in core materials. This modeling is very useful for magnetic core design taking account of the simplified 2D vector magnetic properties.

The method presented in this paper enables expression of the simplified 2D vector magnetic properties in magnetic field analyses. The computation time can be considerably reduced in comparison with the conventional method.

In rotational alternating current machines, interlocking is a commonly used manufacturing method to fix laminated silicon steel cores. The purpose of this study is to measure the localized magnetic properties more comprehensively and to analyze the deteriorated magnetic properties caused by interlocking more accurately.

A movable B–H sensor is designed in this paper. The localized magnetic properties measurement was performed to investigate the magnetic properties around the interlocks with various sizes, various orientations and various numbers of laminations. Then, the damaged area caused by the interlocking was quantified, and the magnetic degradation of different degrees is layered.

The measurement results have shown that the interlocks with larger sizes, along the transverse direction and on 10-layer laminate, will lead to more serious magnetic degradation, and the maximum loss increment can reach up to 70%.

This work is an improvement and optimization based on the previous overall magnetic measurement of the interlock. The quantitative results of the localized magnetic measurement will have a certain significance for the accurate modeling and simulation of the electrical machines and provide valuable guidance for the optimization of the actual production process of the motor.

As additive manufacturing techniques, such as selective laser melting, allow for straightforward production of parts on basis of simple computer-aided design files only, unauthorized replication can be facilitated. Thus, identification and tracking of individual parts are increasingly vital in light of globalized competition. This paper aims to overcome the susceptibility of additive manufacturing techniques for product piracy by establishing a method for introducing and reading out product identification markers not visible by naked-eye inspection.

Lasers of different nominal power were used for altering the solidification mechanisms during processing in distinct areas of the samples. The resulting local microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties, respectively, were determined by scanning electron microscopy and hardness measurements. The applicability of an advanced eddy current technique for reading out local differences in electro-magnetic properties was examined.

The findings show that distinct microstructural features are obtained in dependence of the locally applied laser power. These features manifest themselves not only in terms of grain morphology, texture and hardness but also induce changes in the local electro-magnetic properties. The inscribed pattern can be non-destructively visualized by using an advanced eddy current technique.

Conventional copy protection basically consists in supplementary labelling or surface modification. In the present study, a new method is proposed for additively manufactured parts, overcoming the drawbacks of the former methods through process-induced microstructure manipulation. Slight alterations in the electro-magnetic material properties can be detected by advanced eddy current method allowing for identification of arbitrary and inimitable component information in additively manufactured parts.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of the interlocking process on the iron loss in the lamination core and to increase the efficiency of electrical machines.

A 3D electromagnetic model of the interlocking dowels is proposed in order to simulate the eddy current distribution in the lamination core. Considering the time-consuming of the 3D finite element method (FEM), a 2D electromagnetic model is then proposed based on the 3D model. Influence of the interlocking process on the motor performances is analyzed with 2D FEM, considering the electrical connection of the dowels and the magnetic property deterioration of the electrical steel sheets.

The interlocking process removes the insulation between the laminations at the cut-edges of the interlocking dowels, causing extra eddy current loss in the lamination core. The effect of the interlocking process is dependent on the number, location and size of the interlocking dowels.

The interlocking dowel model is established in order to simulate the effects of the interlocking process. By using the FEM calculation, optimal solution is discussed to minimize the undesired effect of the interlocking dowels.

In this paper, the FEM model of the induction motor with interlocked stator core is first established, then simulation analysis is implemented. Results shows that choosing a proper number of interlocking dowels with suitable location and size can reduce the extra loss.

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate an inverse problem approach for the determination of stress zones in steel plates of electrical machines. Steel plates of electrical machines suffer large mechanical stress by processes like cutting or punching during the fabrication. The mechanical stress has effects on the electrical properties of the steel, and thus on the losses of the machine.

In this paper, the authors present a sensor arrangement and an appropriate algorithm for determining the spatial permeability distribution in steel plates. The forward problem for stress zone imaging is explained and an appropriate numerical solution technique is proposed. Then an inverse problem formulation is introduced and the nature of the problem is analyzed.

Based on sensitivity analysis, different measurement procedures are compared and a measurement setup is suggested. Further the ill‐posed nature of the inverse problem is analyzed by the Picard condition.

Because of the increased losses due to stress zones, the quantification of stress effects is of interest to adjust the production process. Stress zone imaging is a first approach for the application of an imaging system to quantify these material defects.

This paper presents a simulation study about the applicability of an inverse problem for stress zone imaging and presents first reconstruction results. Further, the paper discusses several issues about stress zone imaging for the ongoing research.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of the related factors on the mean path length of the Epstein frame and propose a weighted method based on the different specific losses to decide the actual mean path length of the Epstein frame.

Two Epstein frames of different dimensions (i.e. standard 25 cm and revised 17.5 cm Epstein frame) are used in experiments, and two kinds of the mean path lengths, lm1 and lm2, are defined based on the different specific iron losses produced at the middle part of the limb and the rest of the whole frame, respectively.

The mean magnetic path varies with many factors such as peak flux density, excitation frequency, permeability as well as the anisotropy of the material under test.

The results play an important role in designing the transformer core and the building factor.

Since Islamic markets are growing substantially, there is an urgent need to gain a better understanding of how Muslim consumers perceive products from a religious perspective. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the brain responses of Muslim consumers to Halal and non-Halal products using a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technology.

The research model is a simplified version of the theory of planned behavior. The initial experiment began by asking participants to divide a set of images into two groups: Halal and non-Halal products. The fMRI experiment uses a blocked design approach to capture brain activities resulting from presenting the two groups of images to participants, and to record the strength of their attitudes toward purchasing the products.

Across all participants, the level of brain activation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex increased significantly when Halal images were presented to them. The same results emerged when the Halal images showed raw and cooked meat. The variations in the results may be due to the high emotional sensitivity of Muslim consumers to using religious products.

This study uses a unique approach to monitor brain activity to confirm that consumers from specific market segments respond differently to market products based on their internal beliefs. Findings from this study provide evidence that marketing managers targeting Muslim markets should consider the sensitivity of presenting products in ways that reflect religious principles, in order to gain higher acceptance in this market segment.

Although the literature reports considerable research on Muslim consumers’ behavior, most of the previous studies utilize conventional data collection approaches to target broad segments of consumers by using traditional products. This paper is the first to track the reactions of the Muslim consumer segment to specific types of market products.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of destination images on tourists’ behavioral intention to select a destination for their next vacation. Most of previous studies investigated this relationship by interacting with tourists during their stay in the destination. However, this research examines the impact of destination images before tourists visit a destination, using functional technological-oriented magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) approach to track brain activation during the decision to select a destination.

The proposed model is adopted from the theory of planned behavior. Study participants divide a set of hotel destination images into two groups: attractive and non-attractive destination images. A blocked design experiment was used during fMRI scan to track brain activities resulting from presenting the two groups of images to participants, and record the strength of their intention to visit the attractive destination.

The level of brain activation at the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) increased when participants were asked to assess the attractive destination images compared with the level of activation for non-attractive ones. Also, the positive attitude toward an attractive destination led to higher intention to visit that destination.

This study enhances the authors’ understanding of how tourists analyze destination images to reach a decision on future action. It can also be used to help destination managers define an advertisement strategy that makes their destination more attractive.

Although the literature reports considerable research on destination image and its influence on tourists intention, this is the first exploratory study to use the fMRI technology to investigate tourists’ attitude toward destination images.