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Article
Publication date: 13 April 2015

Amobichukwu Chukwudi Amanambu and Christiana Ndidi Egbinola

The purpose of this paper is to examine the presence of geogenic contaminants in groundwater from shallow aquifers of the crystalline basement complex rocks of Ibadan…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the presence of geogenic contaminants in groundwater from shallow aquifers of the crystalline basement complex rocks of Ibadan south-western, Nigeria.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 30 drinking water samples, (six samples each from the five major lithologic formations of the study area) were collected from hand dug wells during the rainy season. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry was used to determine concentrations of arsenic, iron and fluoride in drinking water samples and also concentrations of other chemical parameters that could affect the concentrations of the geogenic contaminants including pH, Ca, Mg, Na and SO42−. Descriptive statistics, multiple correlation and analysis of variance were used to examine the relationship between the geogenic contaminants and concentration of other chemical parameters while inverse distance weighting was used to produce risk maps.

Findings

The results showed Arsenic concentration exceeding the WHO recommended concentration for drinking water in all the samples within the area. Samples from 16.6 per cent of the wells exceeded the recommended limit for fluoride while iron was present in most of the samples within acceptable limits. The study also revealed no significant difference in concentration of contaminants between the geologic formations.

Originality/value

Geogenic contamination has been scarcely studied in Nigeria. This research, therefore, is a paradigm shift in the study of groundwater contamination which had been mainly focused on anthropogenic contaminants. The outcome of this research will engender policy makers and researchers to pay more attention to geogenic contamination than anthropogenic contaminants in Nigeria.

Details

Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, vol. 26 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1477-7835

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 August 2016

Wei Guo, Honglin Liu and Chaoli Lan

Based on core description, gas logging and laboratory analysis, this paper aims to study the controlling effect of the types of shale sedimentary microfacies in coal formations

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Abstract

Purpose

Based on core description, gas logging and laboratory analysis, this paper aims to study the controlling effect of the types of shale sedimentary microfacies in coal formations over shale reservoirs using the example of Shanxi formation in Northern Ordos Basin.

Design/methodology/approach

According to core observation, the authors selected typical samples of rock types for thin section analysis to determine the micro features and compositions of rocks.

Findings

By using core observation, we found that fine lithology in Shanxi formation included major shale, carbonaceous shale, partially carbonaceous shale, partially silty shale and silty shale with colors of gray, dark gray, black and/or gray. Shanxi Formation shale are deposited in plant-rich and plant-poor swamps, interdistributary depressions of delta plains, interfluvial depressions of meandering rivers as well as microfacies environment of natural levees and the distal crevasse splay.

Originality/value

Currently, the research on the shale gas in Shanxi Formation in the Ordos Basin is still in its infancy. There is yet no research on the fine-grained partition of the sedimentary facies in coal accumulation environment of Shanxi formation and the controlling effect of sedimentary microfacies over shale reservoirs.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. 13 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 10 April 2017

Nadjet Zair, Salah Chaab and Catherine Bertrand

The purpose of this paper is to assess the vulnerability of the aquifer using two models of analysis (DRASTIC and GOD) that were applied in practice in the regions of Bir…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to assess the vulnerability of the aquifer using two models of analysis (DRASTIC and GOD) that were applied in practice in the regions of Bir Chouhada, Souk Naamane and Ouled Zouai in the district of Oum El-Bouaghi.

Design/methodology/approach

This study aims to determine the most adequate methods to ensure the protection of the Bir Chouhada, Souk Naamane and Ouled Zouai aquifer from pollution using vulnerability assessment. The application of the DRASTIC and GOD models made this evaluation possible.

Findings

The analysis of the both maps of vulnerability, resulting from the application of the two methods (DRASTIC and GOD), has revealed several classes of vulnerability that are no-, low-, medium- and high-vulnerable area. High DRASTIC vulnerability values vary between 145 and 178, and those of GOD vary between 0.07 and 0.57. It is observed that vulnerability increases from the center toward the eastern part of the plain; this is confirmed by the repartition of nitrate contents. The impact of the hydraulic conductivity on vulnerability to pollution is more significant than those of the vadose zone and the aquifer media. This is well observed when considering the single-parameter sensitivity analysis.

Originality/value

The text deepens the understanding of the vulnerability assessment and quality of the aquifer and the groundwater. The present study can be used for the assessment and the management of groundwater.

Details

Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, vol. 28 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1477-7835

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 7 March 2023

Mathew Gregory Tagwai, Onimisi Abdullateef Jimoh, Shaib Abdulazeez Shehu and Hareyani Zabidi

This paper aims to give an oversight of what is being done by researchers in GIS and remote sensing (field) to explore minerals. The main objective of this review is to explore…

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to give an oversight of what is being done by researchers in GIS and remote sensing (field) to explore minerals. The main objective of this review is to explore how GIS and remote sensing have been beneficial in identifying mineral deposits for easier and cost-effective mining.

Design/methodology/approach

The approach of this research used Web of Science to generate a database of published articles on the application of GIS and remote sensing techniques for mineral exploration. The literature was further digested, noting the main findings, adopted method, illustration and research scales.

Findings

When applied alone, each technique seems effective, but it is important to know that combining different methods is more effective in identifying ore deposits.

Originality/value

This paper also examined and provided possible solutions to both current and future perspective issues relating to the application of GIS and remote sensing to mineral exploration. The authors believe that the conclusions and recommendations drawn from case studies and literature review will be of great importance to geoscientists and policymakers.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 6 September 2021

Tarun Kumar Lohani, Melkamu Teshome Ayana, Abdella Kemal Mohammed, Mohammad Shabaz, Gaurav Dhiman and Vishal Jagota

Gaya, the holy city of Hindus, Buddhists and Jains, is facing an acute shortage of potable water. Although the city is blessed with some static and dynamic water bodies all around…

Abstract

Purpose

Gaya, the holy city of Hindus, Buddhists and Jains, is facing an acute shortage of potable water. Although the city is blessed with some static and dynamic water bodies all around the region, they do not fulfill the requirement of millions of public either inhabitants of the area or tourists or pilgrims flocking every day. Countless crowds, congested roads, swarming pedestrians, innumerable vehicles moving throughout the day and night have made the city into a non-livable one. The present status of surface water is a mere nightmare to the requirements of the people. Due to which, massive ground water pumping mostly illegally has added a grid in addition to the other socio-economic issues.

Design/methodology/approach

To focus on such problem, the ground water of the region was studied thoroughly by calculating the depth of water level, discharge, pre-and post-monsoon water table and specifically the storativity in ten different locations. Some data were acquired, others were assessed, and few are calculated to provide an overall view of the ground water scenario.

Findings

After a long and tedious field study, it was finally established from that static water level ranges from 2.45 to 26.59 m, below ground level (bgl), discharge varies from 3.21 m3/day to 109.32 m3/day. Post pumping drawdown falls between 0.93 m and 16.59 m, whereas the specific capacity lies in between 0.96 and 7.78 m3/hr/m. Transmissivity, which is a key objective to assess ground water potential ranges from 109.8 to 168.86 m2/day.

Originality/value

This research work is original.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. 20 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 August 2002

Stephan Dimovski and Radi Raditchev

Geophysical methods are widely applied for the prognostication of natural and technogeneous risks. Especially effective is their application in the sphere of engineering geology…

Abstract

Geophysical methods are widely applied for the prognostication of natural and technogeneous risks. Especially effective is their application in the sphere of engineering geology and the ore exploration industry. The effectiveness of geophysical methods is convincingly illustrated by the concrete results obtained in studies, performed to solve specific problems. This paper presents an overview of methods and studies in the field of natural and technogeneous risks by the application of geophysical surveying. In a case study focusing on opencast coal exploration in the area of Maritza‐East, the usefulness of geophysical methods in mapping the hard rock inclusions in the overburden of the lignite mines is outlined. The possibilities of using such technologies for guiding the process and the reduction of technogeneous risks during exploration are outlined.

Details

Environmental Management and Health, vol. 13 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0956-6163

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 20 September 2019

Yijun Hou, Dongdong Wang and Guoqi Dong

The purpose of this paper is to take the early Permian no.6 coal seam in Jungar coalfield of North China as an example, this paper studied the net primary productivity (NPP) level…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to take the early Permian no.6 coal seam in Jungar coalfield of North China as an example, this paper studied the net primary productivity (NPP) level of the early Permian peatland and its relationship with the atmospheric environment at that time, analyzed the influence of the atmospheric environment, and discussed its control factors.

Design/methodology/approach

First, geophysical logging signals were used for a spectrum analysis to obtain the Milankovitch cycle parameters in the no. 6 coal seam, including the eccentricity (95 ka); obliquity (35.6 ka); and precession (21.2 ka). These were then used to calculate the accumulation rate of the residual carbon in the no. 6 coal seam, which was determined to be between 49.44 and 50.57 gC/(m2 · a). The carbon loss could be calculated according to the density and residual carbon content of the no. 6 coal seam. Then, the total carbon accumulation rate of the peatland was further derived as being between 64.91 and 66.40 gC/(m2 · a). Also, the NPP of the peatland was determined to be between 129.82 and 132.8 gC/(m2 · a).

Finding

The result showed that the NPP of the early Permian peatland area was lower than that of the Holocene at the same latitude, and also lower than that of the later Permian of South China.

Originality/value

This study’s comprehensive analysis indicated that the temperature and humidity conditions, along with the oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere, were the main control factors of the NPP of the early Permian peatland. Also, wildfires were found to play a role.

Details

World Journal of Engineering, vol. 16 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1708-5284

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 13 November 2020

Ji Youjun, K. Vafai, Huijin Xu and Liu Jianjun

This paper aims to establish a mathematical model for water-flooding considering the impact of fluid–solid coupling to describe the process of development for a low-permeability…

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to establish a mathematical model for water-flooding considering the impact of fluid–solid coupling to describe the process of development for a low-permeability reservoir. The numerical simulation method was used to analyze the process of injected water channeling into the interlayer.

Design/methodology/approach

Some typical cores including the sandstone and the mudstone were selected to test the permeability and the stress sensitivity, and some curves of the permeability varying with the stress for the cores were obtained to demonstrate the sensitivity of the formation. Based on the experimental results and the software Eclipse and Abaqus, the main injection parameters to reduce the amount of the injected water in flowing into the interlayer were simulated.

Findings

The results indicate that the permeability of the mudstone is more sensitive to the stress than sandstone. The injection rate can be as high as possible on the condition that no crack is activated or a new fracture is created in the development. For the B82 block of Daqing oilfield, the suggested pressure of the production pressure should be around 1–3MPa, this pressure must be gradually reached to get a higher efficiency of water injection and avoid damaging the casing.

Originality/value

This work is beneficial to ensure stable production and provide technical support to the production of low permeability reservoirs containing an interlayer.

Details

International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, vol. 31 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0961-5539

Keywords

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