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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of slip position on the performance of liquid film seal.

A mathematical model of liquid film seal with slip/no-slip surface was established based on the Navier slip model and JFO boundary condition. Liquid film governing equation was discretized by the finite difference method and solved by the SOR relaxation iterative algorithm and the effects of slip position on sealing performance are discussed.

The results indicate that boundary slip plays an important role in the overall performance of a seal and a reasonable arrangement of slip position can improve the steady-state performance of liquid film seal.

Based on the mathematical model, the optimal parameters for liquid film seal with boundary slip at groove are obtained. The results presented in this study are expected to provide a theoretical basis to improve the design method of liquid film seal.

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-03-2020-0082/

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the dynamic characteristics of spiral groove liquid film seal under the effect of thermal–fluid–solid coupling.

The dynamic analysis model of spiral groove liquid film seal under the effect of thermal–fluid–solid coupling was established by perturbation method. The steady-state and perturbation Reynolds equations were solved, and the steady-state sealing performance and dynamic characteristic coefficients of the liquid film were obtained.

Compared with the liquid film without coupling method, a divergent seal gap is formed between the seal rings under the effect of thermal–fluid–solid coupling, the minimum liquid film thickness decreases, the dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients of the liquid film are increased and the thermoelastic deformation of the end-face improves the dynamic performance of the liquid film seal.

The dynamic characteristics of the spiral groove liquid film seal under the effect of thermal–fluid–solid coupling are studied, which provides a theoretical reference for optimizing the dynamic performance of the non-contacting liquid film seal.

The purpose of this paper is to study the dynamic characteristics of mechanical face seals with liquid-lubricated inclined elliptical grooves.

The steady-state and perturbation Reynolds control equations of liquid films were established. The film pressure and the liquid film dynamic coefficients were obtained, impacts of groove structures on the liquid film dynamic characteristic coefficients were analyzed.

The analysis results indicate that the axial dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients of the liquid film seal with inclined elliptical grooves are far greater than those of the angular directions. Furthermore, the dynamic stiffness coefficient of the liquid film with the nonclosed inclined elliptical grooves is higher than those with the closed grooves, whereas the dynamic damping coefficient of the liquid film is lower.

The effects of inclined elliptical groove structures on the dynamic characteristics of the liquid film seal are investigated. The results presented are expected to enrich the theoretical basis of optimizing the dynamic performance of liquid film seals with textures.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the dynamic characteristics of a spiral groove liquid film seal considering the effect of cavitation.

A mathematical model of a spiral groove liquid film seal was established based on the mass-conserving Jakobsson–Floberg–Olsson cavitation boundary condition. The film rupture and film reformation boundaries were assumed to be unchanged under infinitesimal perturbation conditions. Governing equations under steady and perturbed states were solved by the finite element method, and then the dynamic characteristics of the spiral groove liquid film seal were theoretically investigated considering the effect of cavitation.

The results indicate that dynamic coefficients considering cavitation are smaller than those neglecting cavitation. The difference value is consistent with the change in cavitation area. The liquid film seal does not suffer axial instability whether considering cavitation, but its angular instability is more likely to occur when cavitation is considered.

For liquid lubricated non-contacting mechanical seals, the dynamic characteristics considering cavitation are investigated. The results are expected to provide a theoretical basis for improving the design method of liquid film seals.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of surface topography, including surface roughness, circumferential waviness and radial taper, on hydrodynamic performance of liquid film seals considering cavitation.

A mathematical model of liquid film seals with surface topography was established based on the mass-conservative algorithm. Liquid film governing equation was discretized by the finite control volume method and solved by the Gauss–Seidel relaxation iterative algorithm, and the hydrodynamic performance parameters of liquid film seals were obtained considering surface roughness, circumferential waviness and radial taper separately.

The results indicate that the values of load-carrying capacity and frication torque are affected by the surface topography in varying degrees, but the effect is limited.

The results presented in the study are expected to aid in determining the optimum value of structural parameters for the optimum seal performance because of the realistic model which considers both surface topography and cavitation.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of boundary slip on hydrodynamic performance of liquid film seal considering cavitation.

A mathematical model of liquid film seal with slip surface was established based on the Navier slip model and Jakobsson–Floberg–Olsson (JFO) boundary condition. Liquid film governing equation was discretized by the finite difference method and solved by the SOR relaxation iterative algorithm and the hydrodynamic performance parameters of liquid film seal were obtained considering boundary slip and cavitation.

The results indicate that the values of performance parameters are affected significantly by the slip length under the condition of high speed and low differential pressure.

The performances of liquid film seal are investigated considering slip surface and cavitation. The results presented in the study are expected to provide a theoretical basis to improve the design method of liquid film seal.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the hydrodynamic performance of liquid film seals with oblique grooves (OGs) and spiral grooves (SGs), considering cavitation, compare and analyze the differences between them.

Considering cavitation effect, the incompressible steady-state Reynolds equation was solved to obtain the sealing performance parameters of the liquid film seal with oblique groove and spiral groove.

The hydrodynamic performance of oblique groove seal (OGS) and spiral groove seal (SGS) shows a similar trend with the change of operating parameters. When the groove angle is less than 20°, the load-carrying capacity of SGS is better than that of OGS, while when the groove angle continues to increase, the hydrodynamic performance of OGS is slightly better than that of SGS, and more suitable for use under small differential pressure and high speed.

The hydrodynamic characteristics of liquid film seals with oblique grooves and spiral grooves considering cavitation effect were studied, which provides a theoretical reference for the application of oblique groove seal.

The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of operating conditions including process coefficient, lubricant viscosity and cavitation pressure on the cavitation of spiral groove liquid-film seal (SG-LFS).

A mathematical model of SG-LFS is established based on the JFO boundary and a relative density is introduced. The universal governing equation after a coordinate transformation is discretized by the FVM method and solved by the Gauss-Seidel relaxation scheme.

The results indicate that the two-dimensional size of cavitation and cavitation degree are affected significantly by the process coefficient and lubricant viscosity but the effect of cavitation pressure can be ignored.

The effect mechanisms of operating conditions on the cavitation of SG-LFS are studied by the JFO boundary and cavitation degree characterized by a relative density. The results presented are helpful to perfect and deeply understand the cavitation mechanism of liquid-film seal.

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-03-2020-0083/

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of surface topography, including surface roughness, waviness and taper, on the cavitation of liquid film lubricated mechanical seals (LFL-MS).

A universal governing equation considering cavitation is established, and an equivalent relative density is defined to characterize the cavitation degree. The equation is discretized by the finite volume method and solved by the Gauss–Seidel relaxation scheme.

Results indicate that both radial length and a circumferential width of the cavitation zone and cavitation degree are affected significantly by the waviness amplitude and taper, but the effect of surface roughness is limited.

Effect mechanism of surface topography on the cavitation of LFL-MS is investigated and cavitation degree is reflected by an equivalent relative density. The results further help to comprehensively explore the cavitation mechanism.

This paper aims to investigate the influence of the contact status between the seal ring and its support on the seal performance in hydrostatic mechanical face seal.

A thermal fluid-solid interaction (TFSI) model of hydrostatic mechanical face seal is further developed, in which the multi-body contacts between components are particularly given more attention. The numerical models of the flow field and complete seal assemblies are developed. A specific energy equation is obtained to simplify the calculation of film temperature. Based on the mechanism for the continuity condition of the physical quantities at the fluid–solid interface, the TFSI model uses an on-line iterative coupling method.

The contact status between seal ring and its support affects the seal performance significantly. The rotating ring and the stationary ring contribute differently because of the contact status difference.

The contact status between the seal ring and the ring seat is key to gain an insight into the performance of the hydrostatic mechanical face seal thus provides guidance for mechanical seal design.