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Article
Publication date: 28 May 2020

Haipeng Jin, Gianna Moscardo and Laurie Murphy

This paper aims to draw upon the notion of practice as performance from social practice theory to unravel the onsite process of Chinese outbound tourist shopping.

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to draw upon the notion of practice as performance from social practice theory to unravel the onsite process of Chinese outbound tourist shopping.

Design/methodology/approach

The study took a mixed methods approach. Qualitative data were collected via 110 participant observations conducted in Australia, and quantitative techniques were used to analyse the data in Leximancer.

Findings

Chinese tourist shopping practices are performed on site through a range of intra-personal and inter-personal embodied actions, with the patterns these actions constitute being different across shopping settings. The frequency of inter-personal actions also reflects the importance of social interactions and communications in the shopping performances of Chinese tourists, some of which are conducted with people not present in the settings via social media.

Originality/value

This study uses a social practice framework from sociology to examine in detail how Chinese outbound tourists shop on site. The embodied actions identified in the study present a rich and detailed picture of the flow of Chinese tourist shopping performances. This allows for improved understanding of the forces for change in this aspect of Chinese outbound tourism.

摘要

本研究采用混合研究方法,以在澳大利亚收集的110个参与式观察作为质性数据,并通过运用Leximancer软件来对这些数据进行量化分析。

目的

本研究旨在运用社会实践理论中实践作为展演的概念来揭示中国出境游客购物的现场过程。

发现

中国出境游客的现场购物实践通过一系列自我具身行动与人际具身行动而得以展演,并且由这些具身行动所构成的模式因购物环境的差异而有所不同。人际具身行动的频繁出现体现了社会互动与沟通在中国游客购物展演中的重要性。其中,一些社会互动与沟通是与不在现场的他者借助社交媒体进行。

原创性

本研究运用社会学中的社会实践概念来详细地研究中国出境游客如何在现场进行购物。文中所发现的具身行动展示了一幅丰富且详实的中国游客购物展演流程的画卷。这为更好地理解中国出境游客购物变化的影响因素提供了新的思路。

Diseño/metodología/enfoque

El estudio adoptó un enfoque de métodos mixtos. Los datos cualitativos se recopilaron a través de 110 observaciones de participantes realizadas en Australia, y se utilizaron técnicas cuantitativas para analizar los datos en Leximancer.

Propósito

Este estudio se basa en la noción de práctica como desempeño de la teoría de la práctica social para desentrañar el proceso in situ de las compras turísticas chinas en el exterior.

Resultados

Las prácticas de compras turísticas chinas se realizan en el sitio a través de un conjunto de acciones intrapersonales e interpersonales incluidas, constituyendo estos patrones diferentes entornos de compra. La frecuencia de las acciones interpersonales también refleja la importancia de las interacciones sociales y las comunicaciones en las actuaciones de compras de los turistas chinos, algunas de las cuales se realizan con personas que no están presentes en los entornos a través de las redes sociales.

Originalidad/valor

Este estudio utiliza un marco de práctica social de la sociología para examinar en detalle cómo los turistas chinos emisores compran en el sitio. Las acciones incluidas identificadas en el estudio presentan una imagen rica y detallada del flujo de actuaciones de compras turísticas chinas. Esto permite una mejor comprensión de las fuerzas para el cambio en este aspecto del turismo emisor chino.

Book part
Publication date: 17 February 2022

Marko Salvaggio

Drawing from two years of multi-sited fieldwork about international backpacking in Central America, I make important connections between the backpacking escape motive, the…

Abstract

Drawing from two years of multi-sited fieldwork about international backpacking in Central America, I make important connections between the backpacking escape motive, the backpacker hostel, and tourism. I explain how backpackers experience the hostel as their “home base” and “home away from home” to escape into local cultures and natural environments that exist outside of it and an international community of travelers that convenes inside of it. I refer to theories on modern tourism, the backpacking escape motive, and the concept of community. I also theorize how the global spread of modern amenities and tourism shapes backpackers' escape experiences.

Details

Subcultures
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80262-663-6

Keywords

Content available
Book part
Publication date: 25 July 2008

Abstract

Details

Advances in Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84950-522-2

Content available
Book part
Publication date: 24 September 2010

Abstract

Details

Tourism-Marketing Performance Metrics and Usefulness Auditing of Destination Websites
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84950-901-5

Content available
Book part
Publication date: 4 December 2009

Abstract

Details

Perspectives on Cross-Cultural, Ethnographic, Brand Image, Storytelling, Unconscious Needs, and Hospitality Guest Research
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84950-604-5

Content available
Book part
Publication date: 10 November 2011

Abstract

Details

Tourism Sensemaking: Strategies to Give Meaning to Experience
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-0-85724-853-4

Book part
Publication date: 8 December 2016

Julie Slayton

The structure of public school systems does not foster or grow leadership. Instead, individuals are promoted through the system most frequently as a result of having held certain…

Abstract

The structure of public school systems does not foster or grow leadership. Instead, individuals are promoted through the system most frequently as a result of having held certain positions. Teachers become classroom personnel. Classroom personnel become administrators. Administrators become principals. These progressions from classroom to principal are infrequently accompanied by educational pathways or professional development that ensures that those entering into positions of leadership are actually prepared to lead. Instead, people ascend to positions of leadership after having obtained the “right” credentials or walked in the “right” shoes. The consequence of this practice has led to a significant number of people who hold leadership positions but are ill-equipped to lead. This chapter will address this situation by contemplating what can be done to (a) prevent people who should not be leaders from becoming leaders and (b) create a system that cultivates leaders who both hold leadership positions and are positioned to lead.

Details

The Dark Side of Leadership: Identifying and Overcoming Unethical Practice in Organizations
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78635-499-0

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 16 July 2019

Mahfuja Malik and Eunsup Daniel Shim

The purpose of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the economic determinants of the compensation for chief executive officers (CEOs) between the pre- and…

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the economic determinants of the compensation for chief executive officers (CEOs) between the pre- and post-financial crisis periods. To conduct the comparative analysis, the authors consider five years before and five years after the financial crisis of 2008. The authors use the data from the US financial service institutions and run separate regressions for the pre- and post-crisis periods to check if there is any significant difference in the economic determinants of executive compensation before and after the financial crisis. The authors find that total compensation and its incentive components decreased significantly in the post-crisis period. In the pre-crisis period, total compensation was determined by stock performance, accounting profit, growth, and leverage, whereas in the post-crisis period stock returns and leverage are the major factors influencing total compensation. The authors also find that firms’ leverage negatively influences the sensitivity of the pay for performance, but the influence of leverage on pay for performance is weaker in the post-crisis period. Our research is significant in the context of the US economy, the regulatory reforms of financial institutions, and the perspectives of the executive compensations. This is the first study that compares the relationship between compensation and firm performance over the pre- and post-crisis periods. It is an explicit attempt to develop a theoretical understanding of the compensation/performance relationship for the financial industry, which is blamed for the financial crisis and is affected by the Dodd–Frank regulation after the crisis.

Book part
Publication date: 28 October 2021

Dipankar Ghosh, Anne Wu and Ling-Chu Lee

Research on weighting of measures often examines only one incentive at a time (usually bonus) and provide mixed findings regarding the relevance of non-financial performance (NFM…

Abstract

Research on weighting of measures often examines only one incentive at a time (usually bonus) and provide mixed findings regarding the relevance of non-financial performance (NFM) measures to evaluate and reward long-term time horizon employees. Using proprietary data from an auto dealership organization, we show that financial measures (FM) are weighted more for bonus than they are weighted for merit raise and promotion but NFM are weighted more than FM for merit raise and promotion. Thus, the temporal orientations of the measures and incentives seem to be aligned: the short-term (long-term) nature of FM (NFM) parallel’s the time horizon of the incentives. Next, our exploratory research questions find that for bonuses, both FM and NFM exert similar levels of significant and positive influence on junior and senior managers. But for promotions, the influence of FM is insignificant for both groups. In contrast, the influence of NFM on promotions is not only significant for both groups but is significantly greater for junior managers than it is for senior managers. That is, the evaluations of NFM for senior managers are less influential on their promotion than they are for junior managers suggesting that promotions for senior managers are often based on factors other than their formal performances.

Book part
Publication date: 16 July 2019

Ahmet C. Kurt and Nancy Chun Feng

Many argue that the design of compensation contracts for public company chief executive officers (CEOs) is often not guided by a goal of value maximization. Yet, there is limited…

Abstract

Many argue that the design of compensation contracts for public company chief executive officers (CEOs) is often not guided by a goal of value maximization. Yet, there is limited direct empirical evidence on the negative consequences of the proposed inefficient contracting between shareholders and CEOs. Using data on CEO bonus contracts of the S&P 500 firms, we investigate potential firm performance implications of the use of qualitative criteria such as leadership and mentoring in those contracts. We maintain that unlike quantitative criteria, qualitative criteria are difficult to define and measure on an objective basis, possibly resulting in an inefficient and biased incentive structure. Twenty-five percent of the sample observations have CEO bonus contracts that include a qualitative criterion for bonus payment determination. Our results show that employee productivity, asset productivity, capital expenditures, and future abnormal stock returns are lower for firms that use a qualitative criterion in CEO bonus contracts than those that do not. Further, contrary to the argument in prior literature that earnings management decreases with the use of subjective performance indicators in incentive contracts, we find that income-increasing accruals are actually higher when the CEO bonus contract includes a qualitative criterion. We recommend that compensation committees set concrete, measurable performance goals for CEOs, providing CEOs with better guidance and helping improve their corporate decision making.

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