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1 – 10 of 222Tina Wathern and Robert William Green
This paper considers the challenges and solutions in relation to older lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans (LGB&T) housing in the UK. The purpose of this paper is to identify the key…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper considers the challenges and solutions in relation to older lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans (LGB&T) housing in the UK. The purpose of this paper is to identify the key housing issues and concerns affecting older LGB&T people in the UK, and ways in which these might be addressed.
Design/methodology/approach
This is a practical discussion which focusses on the issues of policies and provision in relation to older LGB&T housing in the UK, both specialist and mainstream housing.
Findings
There is a growing body of literature from both the voluntary sector and academic researchers highlighting the housing issues affecting older LGB&T people. There is a need for both specialist and appropriate mainstream housing provision. However, policy and funding issues constrain the creation and/or development of such provision.
Practical implications
Policy makers and housing providers in the UK need to address, and meet, the diverse housing needs of older LGB&T people.
Social implications
Until their housing needs are met, many older LGB&T people remain concerned about their housing futures, and may end up living in housing which is not their preference and which is not suitable for them.
Originality/value
This paper is the first to provide a comprehensive overview of the work of Stonewall Housing’s network for older LGB&T people, and the challenges and solutions which have been identified in relation to their housing issues and concerns.
Arnaud Cave, Georges Hubner and Danielle Sougne
The purpose of this paper is to gain a better understanding of the market timing skills displayed by hedge fund managers during the 2007‐08 financial crisis.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to gain a better understanding of the market timing skills displayed by hedge fund managers during the 2007‐08 financial crisis.
Design/methodology/approach
The performance of a market timer can be measured through the 1966 Treynor and Mazuy model, provided the regression alpha is properly adjusted by using the cost of an option‐based replicating portfolio, as shown by Hübner. The paper adapts this approach to the case of multi‐factor models with positive, negative or neutral betas. This new approach is applied on a sample of hedge funds whose managers are likely to exhibit market timing skills. This concentrates on funds that post weekly returns, and analyzes three hedge funds strategies in particular: long‐short equity, managed futures, and funds of hedge funds. The paper analyzes a particular period during which the managers of these funds are likely to magnify their presumed skills, namely around the financial and banking crisis of 2008.
Findings
Some funds adopt a positive convexity as a response to the US market index, while others have a concave sensitivity to the returns of an emerging market index. Thus, the paper identifies “positive”, “mixed” and “negative” market timers. A number of signs indicate that only positive market timers manage to acquire options below their cost, and deliver economic significant performance, even in the midst of the financial crisis. Negative market timers, by contrast, behave as if they were forced to sell options without getting the associated premium. This behaviour is interpreted as a possible result of re sales, leading them to liquidate positions under the pressure of redemption orders, and inducing negative performance adjusted for market timing.
Originality/value
The paper suggests that the convexity in returns that is generally associated with market timing can be attributed to three sources: timing skills, exposure to nonlinear risk factors, or liquidity pressures. It manages to identify the impact of the latter two effects in the context of hedge funds.
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Rony Germon, Séverine Leloarne, Myriam Razgallah, Imen Safraou and Adnane Maalaoui
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role that sexual orientation can play in entrepreneurial intention.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role that sexual orientation can play in entrepreneurial intention.
Design/methodology/approach
By conducting a survey on a sample of 654 individuals and, among them, 266 LGB people in the Paris region (France), and using linear regressions, The authors test the impact of sexual orientation on the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention, as defined by Ajzen (1991), and on entrepreneurial intention.
Findings
The study reveals that LGB people express a higher entrepreneurial intention than non-LGB people. The study also reveals that sexual orientation positively impacts the three antecedents of entrepreneurial intention, namely attitudes, perceived behavioral control and subjective norms.
Research limitations/implications
The study was conducted in a specific context: an LGB-friendly region and among a population of well-educated people. One could also have investigated the impact of femininity and masculinity on entrepreneurial intention among this population.
Practical implications
LGB people adopt entrepreneurial cognition different to that of other minorities, which tends to confirm that LGB entrepreneurial norms and beliefs are not really the same as those of the dominant culture. The study sheds light on the key antecedent one has to work on to increase the entrepreneurial intention of LGB people.
Originality/value
This study reveals that LGB people, even in friendly LGB geographical areas, are still suffering from a lack of self-esteem. The study also confirms that creating any new venture, as job creation process, is perceived as to be the alternative to difficult employment.
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This paper is a conceptual discussion of the ways in which the diverse lives, identities and collective politics of lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) people can be made visible, and…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper is a conceptual discussion of the ways in which the diverse lives, identities and collective politics of lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) people can be made visible, and how they are made visible, in long-term care environments for older people. The purpose of this paper is to problematise strategies of visibility as methods for promoting social inclusion in care environments.
Design/methodology/approach
This is a conceptual discussion that draws on several social theorists that have previously discussed the politics of visibility, knowledge and sexuality.
Findings
Promoting increased visibility in itself does not fully grapple with the ways in which older LGB can be represented and known as particular kinds of sexual citizens. This potentially curtails a more holistic recognition of their needs, interests and wishes, inclusive of their sexual lives and histories. Making LGB lives visible in care environments may not always be a productive or affirmative strategy for dismantling homophobic views and beliefs.
Practical implications
The theoretical implications of a politics of visibility warrant a deeper consideration of strategies for promoting visibility. The paper concludes with a discussion of some of the practical implications for rethinking strategies of visibility in care environments.
Originality/value
Critical discussions about the application of visibility strategies, and the problematic assumptions contained within such strategies, are lacking in relation to mainstream housing and social care provision for older LGB people. This paper seeks to initiate this important discussion.
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This paper is a conceptual discussion of the marginalisation of the voices of older lesbians, gay and bisexual (LGB) women, within the collective discourse of “older LGBT…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper is a conceptual discussion of the marginalisation of the voices of older lesbians, gay and bisexual (LGB) women, within the collective discourse of “older LGBT* housing”. The purpose of this paper is to critically interrogate its (in)equality implications and to consider ways in which they might be overcome.
Design/methodology/approach
This is a conceptual discussion that draws on the social justice model of equality developed by Nancy Fraser, specifically the domains of resources, recognition and representation.
Findings
The housing needs, wishes and concerns of older LGB women are often marginalised while at the same time those of older gay men are privileged. Older LGB women’s preferences for gender- and/or sexuality- specific housing are silenced within collective homogenising discourse – by researchers and activists alike – which mobilises a “mainstream” or “LGBT*-specific” binary about housing options.
Research limitations/implications
Research findings which do not include the voices of older lesbian, gay and bisexual women are inherently flawed. There is a need to ensure their voices – across the older age spectrum – are included.
Practical implications
The voices of older LGB women in relation to older age housing need to be better heard so that they can be better resourced.
Social implications
The marginalisation of older lesbian, gay and bisexual women’s voices in relation to older age housing has profound equality and human rights implications.
Originality/value
Critical discussions about the gendering of older LGBT* housing discourse are long overdue. This paper seeks to open a dialogue about these important issues.
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Keith D. Parry and Rory Magrath
The aim of this chapter is to explore the relationship between contemporary sport, social media, digital technology, and sexuality and to explore the historical context of sport…
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this chapter is to explore the relationship between contemporary sport, social media, digital technology, and sexuality and to explore the historical context of sport and sexuality, before then outlining the decline of homophobia in recent years. Despite this decline, social media is one area where we still see the manifestation of homophobia.
Design/methodology/approach
This chapter synthesizes a range of academic literature to chart how – despite improving attitudes toward homosexuality in sport – abuse and discrimination is still prevalent on social media.
Findings
Eric Anderson's (2009) Inclusive Masculinity Theory has been the most useful theoretical apparatus to underpin the changing nature of sport, gender, and sexuality. While this has been used in a variety of sporting contexts, these are primarily focused on gay male athletes in the West. Accordingly, there is a gap in knowledge around the experiences of lesbian, bisexual, and trans athletes, as well as those outside of the Western context.
Originality/value
Although there has been some literature to document discrimination on social media, very little focuses specifically on the manifestation of homophobia. Accordingly, this chapter provides an important contribution by being one of the first to tie together the literature on improved cultural attitudes toward homosexuality while simultaneously focusing on the prevalence of discrimination on social media.
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– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of belonging to a same-sexuality social group or network for older lesbians and bisexual women.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of belonging to a same-sexuality social group or network for older lesbians and bisexual women.
Design/methodology/approach
In total, 35 women were interviewed about a range of topics including coming out (or not) in the 1950s and 1960s, their feelings about ageing and their experiences of attending groups for lesbians and bisexual women, now and in the past.
Findings
The study found that, while the participants had different opinions of groups and their significance, the majority valued the opportunity to meet with other “like-minded” women and enjoyed a range of positive outcomes.
Practical implications
The nature of the space where such groups are located was significant to many as was the employment of paid leaders, not only to take up the administrative burden but to moderate and prevent cliques from forming.
Social implications
The research indicates that such groups have an important role to play in alleviating loneliness and promoting positive ageing.
Originality/value
This research makes an important contribution to the literature about lesbian, gay and bisexual ageing which is frequently focused on gay men. Their feelings about loneliness, the role of social space and groups are often different to those of lesbian and bisexual women such as my participants, particularly those who were at the cutting edge of second-wave feminism.
The purpose of this paper is to show that lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) elders suffer from particular discrimination when compared to that suffered by elders in…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to show that lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) elders suffer from particular discrimination when compared to that suffered by elders in general and heterosexual elders in particular, and to argue for specific consideration for those who suffer from discrimination based upon a combination of their age and sexual orientation or gender identity.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper is the result of a desk study of US and UK material plus some interviews in the USA with LGBT organisations.
Findings
It is found that LGBT elders do suffer from particular discrimination when compared to that suffered by elders in general and heterosexual elders in particular.
Research limitations/implications
This research needs to be placed in a wider context of dealing with discrimination on intersectional grounds and is an example of how such an approach is needed.
Practical implications
This paper is a contribution to the debate around the newly published Equality Bill in the UK.
Originality/value
The paper contains no new empirical data, but existing material is brought together and is subject to analysis.
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Caren Goldberg and Val Willham
Based on the job demands-resources (JD-R) model (Demerouti et al., 2001), the authors posited that concealment of one's transgender identity (a demand) would be negatively…
Abstract
Purpose
Based on the job demands-resources (JD-R) model (Demerouti et al., 2001), the authors posited that concealment of one's transgender identity (a demand) would be negatively associated with work effort and commitment and that coworker support (a resource) would be positively related with those outcomes. In addition, the authors tested whether coworker support buffered the demand of maintaining secrecy as predicted by the JD-R model.
Design/methodology/approach
Relying on survey data from 89 transgender employees, the authors used Hayes' Process Model 1 to test the model.
Findings
Concealment was significantly related to both organizational commitment and work effort, but coworker support had no direct effect on either outcome. However, coworker support interacted with concealment, such that there were significant coworker support effects among trans employees who were out to none or some of their coworkers, but no significant effect among those who were out to all of their coworkers.
Originality/value
While prior studies have examined the importance of coworker support and outness, the authors add to the literature by examining the joint effect of these variables on transgender employees' work experiences. In addition, as prior research has been slow to examine behavioral work outcomes, the authors expand the criterion space by examining the simple and joint effects of outness and support on a previously ignored variable, work effort.
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