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The knowledge economy (KE) which provide for an alternative to production-based economy and brick and mortar economy has a tremendous opportunity. KE has emerged due to the advent of skill concentration in nation states. However, the traditional production economy provides individual arbitrage opportunity which acts as a sideline for growth of the economy. In the modern economy, the higher the ability to create an edge for price for the knowledge, the greater will be the ability of the nation state to create and arbitrage process. Any economy which is driven by an innovative education system, appreciates, and adopts knowledge is the one which becomes successful in the knowledge process and a developed KE. Information technology forms a major component of knowledge process but is not the entire gamete of knowledge. Hence, it should not be confused that KEs are information industry driven alone. This paper tries to develop a model to check whether KE has the ability to support arbitrage process. Here the probability rate of growth in GDP is taken as the key element for the purpose of solving the theoretical proposition. The result shows that there are positive probabilities of the KE in providing arbitrage premium for individual which can fire the growth of the economy.

The present work aimed to identify the impact of accrual-based earnings management on the cost of equity (KE) through corporate social responsibility (CSR) as a moderating variable on European Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) companies.

The authors used data from a sample of 366 European firms over the 2012–2022 period. The data were collected from the Thomson Reuters Asset 4 and I/B/E/S database and analyzed using STATA 17 as a statistical software package.

As expected, the results showed a negative relationship between accruals, CSR and KE. Moreover, they suggest that the moderating variable negatively affects the relationship between accruals and the KE.

The results are pertinent to stakeholders and investors, who would pressure companies to enhance the quality of disclosed information and mitigate risks facing the company.

The main contribution lies in examining the relationship between accruals and KE through CSR in the European ESG context.

The current study aims to ascertain how green entrepreneurial orientation (GEO) affects green innovation performance (GIP) through the mediating mechanism of the knowledge creation process (KCP) and whether or not these associations can be strengthened or hampered by the moderating impacts of resources orchestration capabilities (ROC).

The research used data from managers at various levels in 154 manufacturing enterprises in Pakistan to evaluate the relationships among the constructs using hierarchical regression analysis and moderated mediation approach.

The study indicates that GEO substantially impacts firms' GIP. GEO and GIP's relationship is partially mediated by two KCP dimensions: knowledge integration (KI) and knowledge exchange (KE). Furthermore, ROC amplifies not only the effects of GEO on KE but also the effects of KE on GIP. The moderated mediation results demonstrate that KE has a greater mediating influence on GEO and GIP when ROC is higher.

To better understand GEO's advantages and significance, future studies should look into the possible moderating mechanisms of environmental, organizational culture/green capability in the association between GEO, KCP and GIP.

The research helps expand the field of green entrepreneurship and GIP literature by providing a deeper knowledge of GEO and offering insight into how to boost GI in manufacturing firms.

This research helps fill in knowledge gaps in the field by delving further into the mechanisms by which GEO promotes GIP, both directly and indirectly, via the mediating role of KCP and the moderating impacts of ROC.

This paper aims to assess dynamics of the knowledge economy (KE)–finance nexus using the four variables identified under the World Bank’s (WB’s) Knowledge Economy Index (KEI) and seven financial intermediary dynamics of depth, efficiency, activity and size.

Principal component analysis is used to reduce the dimensions of KE components before dynamic panel generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation techniques are employed to examine the nexus.

Four main findings are established. First, education improves financial depth and financial efficiency but mitigates financial size. Second, apart from a thin exception (trade’s incidence on money supply), economic incentives (credit facilities and trade) are not consistently favorable to financial development. Third, information and communications technology improves only financial size and has a negative effect on other financial dynamics. Finally, proxies for innovation (journals and foreign direct investment [FDI]) have a positive effect on financial activity; journals (FDI) have (has) a negative (positive) effect on liquid liabilities, and journals and FDI both have negative incidences on money supply and banking system efficiency, respectively.

As a policy implication, the KE–finance nexus is a complex and multidimensional relationship. Hence, blind and blanket policy formulation to achieve positive linkages may not be successful unless policy-making strategy is contingent on the prevailing “KE-specific component” trends and dynamics of financial development. Policy makers should improve the economic incentive dimension of KE that, overwhelmingly and consistently, deters financial development, owing to surplus liquidity issues.

As far as we have reviewed, this is the first paper to examine the KE–finance nexus with the plethora of KE dimensions defined by the WB’s KEI and all the dynamics identified by the Financial Development and Structure Database.

Information and communications technology (ICT) is the driving force and key enabler of a knowledge economy. The purpose of this study is to identify the critical ICT indicators that foster the development of the knowledge economy and its main pillars (education, innovation and economic and institutional regimes) in Oman.

The study used a qualitative approach and conducted four Delphi studies on four groups of experts (ICT experts, educators, innovation experts and economists) in Oman.

The results indicated that the most commonly top-listed ICT indicators of a boost in the country’s knowledge economy are related to the national level (total research and development expenditure on ICT, ICT patents as a percentage of national total and ICT as an overall priority for the government), firm level (the proportion of businesses using the internet, the proportion of businesses using computers and the proportion of businesses with a Web presence), and inhabitant level (mobile phone subscribers per 100 inhabitants, internet subscribers per 100 inhabitants and personal computers per 100 inhabitants).

ICT is the driving pillar of a knowledge economy. The literature indicated that most of the ICTs for development studies are conducted in developed countries; hence, there is a great need for investigations in the context of less developed economies such as Oman. This study can provide insights for the country on how to develop and exploit ICT to boost the development of the overall knowledge economy and its pillars and to provide guidance for exploiting ICT to gain economic value. Oman’s vision for 2020 and 2040 aims at economic diversification; the knowledge economy is a critical aspect of the country’s economic diversification. In addition, the literature indicated that the relationship between ICT and development is still not clear; hence, this study provided some insights into the context of knowledge economy development.

This paper aims to review the related literature on TQM and Six Sigma, and then to construct and explore the conceptual framework via an empirical study. Discussions follow on the conceptual framework, and there is a case study on the experience of Kinpo Electronics (KE) company in Taiwan implementing Six Sigma via TQM improvement.

The objective of the research is to examine the relationship between TQM and Six Sigma. To achieve this, the paper conducted a conceptual framework with six improvement factors “system”, “product”, “control”, “training”, “technical”, and “assessment”. The six factors are considered in detail in a discussion of the case of KE Company with regard to its implementing Six Sigma via TQM improvement.

The results of using TQM improvement activities to implement Six Sigma may be divided into two main paradigm shifts, namely transfer and adjustment. “Transfer” means the requirements for macro change in implementing Six Sigma via TQM improvement, and “adjustment” refers to the micro changes undertaken in moving from TQM toward Six Sigma.

According to KE's experience in Taiwan, TQM is a prime component of Six Sigma, and KE added a Six Sigma program to its existing business system which used almost all of the elements of TQM. The formula is KE's current business system+Six Sigma = TQM. Based on this, TQM remains important and prevalent in modern industry.

The value of the paper is that TQM is the fundamental basis of Six Sigma. The new quality management system is integrating TQM's activities with the Six Sigma approach to gain a new competitive advantage.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of some organizational culture attributes, including: openness to change, innovation, trust, teamwork, morale, information flow, employees' involvement, supervision, customer service and reward orientation on the knowledge exchange (KE) process within the context of the Saudi Telecom Company (STC) as a representation of the Saudi context.

A descriptive correlation design was used. A web survey was used to collect data from 378 employees working on STC using Random Number Generator 0.2 software. The sample was selected using an e‐mailing list.

The findings revealed that the cultural attributes of trust, innovation, information flow, supervision, and reward have an impact on KE within the context of the STC. Additionally, the study revealed a statistically significant correlation between organizational culture and KE as a whole (0.75), which emphasizes the effective role of organizational culture factors on exchanging knowledge within the context of the study.

This study presents only preliminary results from limited data. Additional quantitative data are needed to employ more superior statistical analysis. Moreover, the current study is exploratory in nature with a relatively small number of respondents from the STC.

The originality of this study is derived from the importance of KM as a strategic organizational tool as well as the importance of culture as an influential factor. The STC, one of the biggest companies in the Middle East, is trying to implement aspects of KM. Towards this end, the company has created a new division of KM which is suffering from a lack of research studies that explore issues relating to KM in Arab countries in general and the Saudi context in particular, which makes the topic of this research not only unique but also of high practical significance.

The purpose of this paper is to create a computationally efficient reduced model (RM) for the moments of droplet size distribution (DSD) in condensing flow.

The kinetic equation (KE) exactly describes the time dependence of the DSD and can be regarded as the most rigorous representation of a system with condensation. Because of the typical wide range in droplet size, the KE requires excessive computational time and is not attractive for most practical applications. To reduce the overall computational efforts, a novel set of moment equations, derived from the KE has been proposed.

To demonstrate the simplicity and accuracy of the model, the authors employ a typical nucleation pulse experiment for which benchmark KE-solutions have also been computed. Comparison of predicted moments from both the RM and the KE approach reveals that the RM is capable of capturing the evolving feature of moments with reasonable accuracy.

The authors have created a novel reduced method for numerical computations of the lower-order moments of the DSD in condensing flow. Unlike the typical method of moments, the RM eliminates the need for assumptions on the shape of the distribution function and could estimate the moments at very low computational cost.