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Article
Publication date: 5 December 2019

The moderating influence of national culture on female and male entrepreneurs’ social network size and new venture growth

Bat Batjargal, Justin W. Webb, Anne Tsui, Jean-Luc Arregle, Michael A. Hitt and Toyah Miller

The purpose of this paper is to disentangle individual-level gender differences and norm-based gender roles and stereotypes to provide a finer-grained understanding of why…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to disentangle individual-level gender differences and norm-based gender roles and stereotypes to provide a finer-grained understanding of why female and male entrepreneurs experience different growth returns from their social networks across different national cultures.

Design/methodology/approach

This research uses a survey of 637 (278 female and 359 male) entrepreneurs across four nations varying on relational culture (importance of social relationships) and gender egalitarianism (importance of gender equality or neutrality in social and economic roles).

Findings

The authors find evidence that male entrepreneurs in high relational cultures benefit the most in terms of growth in revenues from larger network size while women in low relational cultures benefit the least. In cultures with low gender egalitarianism, male entrepreneurs benefit more from their larger social networks than did the female entrepreneurs.

Practical implications

The study presents implications for female entrepreneurs’ behaviors to gain more benefits from their social networks, especially in cultural contexts where relationships are important or where there is equality in gender roles. In these contexts, they may need to develop other strategies and rely less on social networks to grow their ventures.

Social implications

This research suggests that female entrepreneurs still are disadvantaged in some societies. National policy may focus on developing more opportunities and providing more support to women entrepreneurs as a valuable contributor to economic growth of the nations.

Originality/value

The authors disentangle the effects of gender differences, norm-based gender stereotypes and networks on entrepreneurial outcomes.

Details

Cross Cultural & Strategic Management, vol. 26 no. 4
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/CCSM-04-2018-0057
ISSN: 2059-5794

Keywords

  • Culture
  • Networks
  • Entrepreneurship
  • Gender stereotypes
  • Gender differences
  • New ventures
  • Gender norms
  • Relational orientation
  • Gender egalitarianism

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Book part
Publication date: 19 July 2005

Theory and Methodology in Entrepreneurship Research

R. Duane Ireland, Justin W. Webb and Joseph E. Coombs

Entrepreneurship remains a young scholarly discipline characterized by low paradigmatic development. Herein, we discuss theoretical and methodological issues associated…

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Abstract

Entrepreneurship remains a young scholarly discipline characterized by low paradigmatic development. Herein, we discuss theoretical and methodological issues associated with this rapidly emerging yet still developing research area. We argue that theory and methodology are symbiotic components of research and should develop concurrently in order to support the evolution of a paradigm for entrepreneurship research. Further, we posit that effective growth of entrepreneurship research will occur as a result of appropriately extending theory and methods from other scholarly disciplines as well as from theoretical and methodological innovations that are unique to entrepreneurship. Based on the positions taken in this chapter, we also advance recommendations for scholars to consider as work is completed to develop a systematic body of knowledge about entrepreneurship.

Details

Research Methodology in Strategy and Management
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1479-8387(05)02006-0
ISBN: 978-0-76231-208-5

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2006

The embedded entrepreneur: Recognizing the strength of ethnic social ties

Ed Chung and Kim Whalen

This article is premised on the idea that social networks represent an important, but often overlooked, unit of analysis in management and entrepreneurship studies. The…

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Abstract

This article is premised on the idea that social networks represent an important, but often overlooked, unit of analysis in management and entrepreneurship studies. The concept of embeddedness, emphasizing the significance of social relationships, is of particular relevance as more and more frequently minorities and immigrants engage in small businessownership. This article borrows from the ethnicity and social network traditions, and offers that an analysis of the ethnic homogeneity of an entrepreneur's strong and weak social ties would be fruitful in gauging entrepreneurial success.

Details

New England Journal of Entrepreneurship, vol. 9 no. 1
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/NEJE-09-01-2006-B005
ISSN: 2574-8904

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Book part
Publication date: 19 July 2005

List of Contributors

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Research Methodology in Strategy and Management
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1479-8387(05)02013-8
ISBN: 978-0-76231-208-5

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Book part
Publication date: 19 July 2005

Contents

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Research Methodology in Strategy and Management
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1479-8387(05)02012-6
ISBN: 978-0-76231-208-5

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Article
Publication date: 26 November 2020

Factors impacting innovation performance for entrepreneurs in India

Sangeeta Gupta, Raiswa Saha, Jaspreet Kaur, Sakshi Kathuria and Justin Paul

Social media technology use has elicited an increased interest among academicians and researchers worldwide. The present study examines the latent constructs, such as…

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Abstract

Purpose

Social media technology use has elicited an increased interest among academicians and researchers worldwide. The present study examines the latent constructs, such as social media technology use (SMTU), innovation capability (IC), entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and innovation performance (IP), which have not been studied by researchers in the past. The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of SMTU and IC on EO and highlight the impact of EO on IP.

Design/methodology/approach

A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data from 164 entrepreneurs, which included CEO/owners, managers or founders of start-up companies from India. The data were analysed with the structural equation model technique.

Findings

The results demonstrate that the model proposed in this study supports all the hypotheses of SMTU, IC, EO and IP. The results of this study provide evidence for the importance of SMTU as a crucial factor that came out from the analysis of Indian entrepreneurs which reiterates the point that the user-generated content could be very important. The results of the research show that entrepreneurs value and are looking forward to using social media for getting individual reviews from consumers about their marketing campaigns, product development and innovation.

Practical implications

At the level of practice there are significant implications for decision-makers in start-up firms to become more attuned to how SMTU can significantly add importance to the customer experience. This study would also help managers and policymakers in understanding the importance of SMTU when seeking to improve the performance of the organizations.

Originality/value

Owing to the increasingly collaborative innovation environment in entrepreneurship, the authors draw the attention of managers to the need of SMTU for innovation actions and provide a logical framework to guide action for organizational analysis.

Details

International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-09-2020-0612
ISSN: 1355-2554

Keywords

  • Social media technology use (SMTU)
  • Innovation capability (IC)
  • Entrepreneurial orientation (EO)
  • Innovation performance (IP)
  • Start-up companies
  • Entrepreneurship
  • Institutions
  • Social networks

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Book part
Publication date: 26 November 2016

References

Karin Klenke

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Abstract

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Qualitative Research in the Study of Leadership
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78560-651-920152019
ISBN: 978-1-78560-651-9

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Book part
Publication date: 1 September 2017

The European Center of Science Productivity: Research Universities and Institutes in France, Germany, and the United Kingdom

Justin J. W. Powell and Jennifer Dusdal

Growth in scientific production and productivity over the 20th century resulted significantly from three major countries in European science – France, Germany, and the…

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Abstract

Purpose

Growth in scientific production and productivity over the 20th century resulted significantly from three major countries in European science – France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Charting the development of universities and research institutes that bolster Europe’s key position in global science, we uncover both stable and dynamic patterns of productivity in the fields of STEM, including health, over the 20th century. Ongoing internationalization of higher education and science has been accompanied by increasing competition and collaboration. Despite policy goals to foster innovation and expand research capacity, policies cannot fully account for the differential growth of scientific productivity we chart from 1975 to 2010.

Approach and Research Design

Our sociological neo-institutional framework facilitates explanation of differences in institutional settings, organizational forms, and organizations that produce the most European research. We measure growth of published peer-reviewed articles indexed in Thomson Reuters’ Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE).

Findings

Organizational forms vary in their contributions, with universities accounting for nearly half but rising in France; ultrastable in Germany at four-fifths, and growing at around two-thirds in the United Kingdom. Differing institutionalization pathways created the conditions necessary for continuous, but varying growth in scientific production and productivity in the European center of global science. The research university is key in all three countries, and we identify organizations leading in research output.

Originality/value

Few studies explicitly compare across time, space, and different levels of analysis. We show how important European science has been to overall global science production and productivity. In-depth comparisons, especially the organizational fields and forms in which science is produced, are crucial if policy is to support research and development.

Details

The Century of Science
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1479-367920170000033005
ISBN: 978-1-78714-469-9

Keywords

  • Scientific productivity
  • university
  • research institute
  • France
  • Germany
  • United Kingdom

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Book part
Publication date: 12 January 2021

Global Entrepreneurial Orientation (GEO): An Updated, Multidimensional View of EO

G. T. Lumpkin and Robert J. Pidduck

Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) has emerged as a core concept in the field of entrepreneurship. Yet, there continue to be questions about the nature of EO and how best to…

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Abstract

Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) has emerged as a core concept in the field of entrepreneurship. Yet, there continue to be questions about the nature of EO and how best to conceptualize and measure it. This chapter makes the case that EO has grown beyond its roots as a firm-level unidimensional strategy construct and that a new multidimensional version of EO is needed to capture the diverse manifestations and venues for entrepreneurial activity that are now evident around the world – global entrepreneurial orientation (GEO). Building on the five-dimension multidimensional view of EO set forth when Lumpkin and Dess (1996) extended the work of Miller (1983) and Covin and Slevin (1989, 1991), the chapter offers an updated definition of EO and a fresh interpretation of why EO matters theoretically. Despite earnest efforts to reconcile the different approaches to EO, in order to move the study of EO and the theoretical conversation about it forward, we maintain that as a group of scholars and a field, we need to acknowledge that two different versions of EO have emerged. Given that, we consider original approaches to measuring EO, evaluate formative measurement models, consider multiple levels of analysis, call for renewed attention to EO configurations, and discuss whether there is a theory of EO.

Details

Entrepreneurial Orientation: Epistemological, Theoretical, and Empirical Perspectives
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1074-754020210000022002
ISBN: 978-1-83867-572-1

Keywords

  • Entrepreneurial orientation
  • global entrepreneurial orientation
  • GEO
  • multidimensional
  • measurement
  • theory

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 1913

The Library World Volume 16 Issue 2

BOURNEMOUTH lies in one of the most beautiful parts of South‐west England; and all the world knows how this region has been immortalised by Thomas Hardy, who by his…

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BOURNEMOUTH lies in one of the most beautiful parts of South‐west England; and all the world knows how this region has been immortalised by Thomas Hardy, who by his romances and poems has introduced to the public of England and America the ancient land of Wessex.

Details

New Library World, vol. 16 no. 2
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/eb008972
ISSN: 0307-4803

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