Search results

As a result of two closely related problems, namely the population problem in almost all parts of the world and the serious effects on the environment, thinking relating to development has taken a new direction. Development is more and more closely linked to the question of population and the form of production which to a great extent affects technology and resources.

The years of 1977–78 have seen more fuzzy sets and ill‐posed problems come along in mathematics in addition to sturdy statistics and robust estimations. Fortunately there has also appeared a modest number of titles to help the reference librarian sort out mathematics, pure and applied. And although a computerized data base with online access is still awaited, its blur on the horizon is becoming more distinct. For now it remains necessary for the librarian to keep informed and assist other information seekers primarily by means of the printed word.

In fall 1994 a group of social scientists from different parts in the world met in Switzerland. The Swiss Academy for Development (SAD) organized a symposium to discuss problems of contemporary developmental policy and research. The meeting focussed on the upcoming World Summit of Social Development in Copenhagen in 1995 and so the participants intended to present themes of international interest that would be introduced to a greater audience. The important contributions and propositions of this symposium are found in this publication.

In terms of continuum mechanics a twin is represented by the sudden appearance of a shear eigenstrain state in a distinct region. The corresponding elastic strain energy, the interface energy and the energy dissipated due to the irreversible character of the deformation process are investigated. If the total amount of these energy terms, spent by the twinning process, can be provided by the interaction energy of an external and/or internal stress state with respect to the twin shear eigenstrain, then either a deformation twin band or a twin nucleus may appear. Realistic estimations of the dimensions of deformation twins can be presented. This energetic interpretation of twinning is experimentally demonstrated for intermetallic TiAl.

The first Wisconsin Ph.D.s who came to MSU with an institutional bent were agricultural economists and included Henry Larzalere (Ph.D. 1938) whose major professor was Asher Hobson. Larzalere recalls the influence of Commons who retired in 1933. Upon graduation, Larzalere worked a short time for Wisconsin Governor Phillip Fox LaFollette who won passage of the nation’s first unemployment compensation act. Commons had earlier helped LaFollette’s father, Robert, to a number of institutional innovations.⁴ Larzalere continued the Commons’ tradition of contributing to the development of new institutions rather than being content to provide an efficiency apologia for existing private governance structures. He helped Michigan farmers form cooperatives. He taught land economics prior to Barlowe’s arrival in 1948, but primarily taught agricultural marketing. One of his Master’s degree students was Glenn Johnson (see below). Larzalere retired in 1977.

Part II and last MECHETTI. Vienna FOUNDED in 1795 by Carlo Mechetti as a dealer; since 1807 in partnership with his nephew, Pietro; the publishing firm styled Carlo Mechetti & Neffe in 1809; after Carlo's death in 1811, Pietro became sole owner; he was succeeded in 1850 by his widow, Therese; c. 1855 the firm was taken over by A. Diabelli & co. (cp. Peter Cappi).

On the invitation of the Editor I am publishing in the JOURNAL OF DOCUMENTATION a selection of lists of music publishers' numbers, with an indication of the date of issue of their publications so numbered.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationships between the strategic development of subsidiaries and the likelihood of subsidiaries exporting on an intra‐regional basis to European markets.

The paper defines the strategic development of subsidiaries as increases in autonomy, embeddedness in host locations and use of networks and host country sourcing. The location of subsidiaries in industrial clusters is also considered. Use is made of multinomial probit analysis of a survey of 391 UK‐based subsidiaries to identify the relationships between the strategic development of subsidiaries and supplying European markets.

The study finds some evidence that there are links between increasing networks and supplying European markets, but there is no evidence that developing host country sourcing is associated with European supply. Location in an industrial cluster is consistently associated with supplying European markets, and autonomy also appears to be closely associated with supplying European markets.

Extension of the research is required to other regional trade blocs such as Mercosur and North American Free Trade Agreement. The role of networks and the links to location in industrial clusters require further exploration, and future research needs to include the services and knowledge‐intensive sectors.

The paper adds to the understanding of subsidiary development in the context of intra‐regional trading and thereby expands the literature on the regional strategy of multinationals. It highlights the importance of different types of autonomy for encouraging intra‐regional trade by foreign‐owned subsidiaries, and the central role of location in industrial clusters.

The development in the German-speaking countries of International Management (IM) as an academic discipline is analyzed both from a research-oriented and an institutional standpoint. This development is characterized by a relatively long run-up after early beginnings in the 1920s and a steep jump during the past 15–20 years. Business Administration and Strategic Management rather than Economics have influenced the IM field which is now an established subject in its own right. The resulting discipline is well on its way to overcoming an alleged “black hole-image” of international isolation on the part of German-speaking countries’ scholars.

Voricort der Redaktion: Dr. J. Charvát hat den nachstehenden Aufsatz mit besonderem Blick auf das Heilbäderwesen verfasst. Nachdem die Ausführungen jedoch einen allgemeingltigen Überblick über den aktuellen Stand der Kosten‐Nutzen‐Diskussion im Tourismus vermitteln, möchten wir sie mit dem Abdruck in unserer Zeitschrift einem breiteren Kreis zugänglich machen.