Search results

The purpose of this paper is to introduce an earnings management dimension to compute pre-manipulated accounting performance (free of discretionary accruals) to determine whether family-controlled firms perform better than non-family-controlled firms.

The authors used Jones’ model (1991) to obtain a pre-manipulated performance measure for a sample of Chilean firms. The authors then regressed the pre-manipulated measures of accounting performance as dependent variables against the family nature of the largest shareholder using the Blundell and Bond generalized method of moments estimator.

The authors found that the pre-manipulated performance of family-controlled firms is superior to that of non-family-controlled firms. The authors also show that the presence of institutional investors in the firm’s ownership structure has a positive influence on the performance of family companies. The results suggest that earnings management behavior is not sufficient to explain the better performance of family-controlled firms that has been reported in the literature.

The authors provide new evidence regarding the real superior performance of family business. These results provide some degree of confidence to investors since family firms provide good quality earnings measures of financial performance.

este estudio pretende determinar si las diferencias en performance entre empresas familiares y no familiares puede ser explicada por la existencia de manipulación contable de los retornos.

usamos el método de Jones (1991) para obtener una medida de retorno contable no manipulado para una muestra de empresas chilenas, y luego estimamos una regresión de tipo panel donde la medida de retorno sin manipular es la variable dependiente, la naturaleza familiar o no de la empresa es la variable independiente y una serie de variables de control. Debido a la posible endogeneidad entre retorno y tipo de empresa, usamos la técnica de Blundell y Bond (Método Generalizado de los Momentos).

encontramos que aun usando retornos libre de manipulación contable, las empresas familiares muestran un mejor desempeño que aquellas no familiares. Además, se observa que la presencia de inversionistas institucionales (AFPs) en la estructura de control de la firma, tiene un efecto positivo sobre el desempeño de las empresas familiares.

se presenta nueva evidencia que ratifica el mejor desempeño financiero de las empresas familiares. Además, mostramos, a diferencia de estudio previos, que la presencia de inversionistas institucionales explica parte del mejor desempeño financiero de dichas empresas. Lo anterior permite a inversionistas estar seguros que el mejor retorno de empresas familiares no se debe a la manipulación contable de las utilidades.

This paper aims to re-evaluate social enterprise (SE) history to pinpoint a pluralist turn in communitarian philosophy during the 1970s, which has the potential to transform labour and consumer rights in enterprise development.

Through a close examination of model rules created by founders of the FairShares Association (FSA), the authors find that the communitarian origins of SE are disturbingly obscured and hidden.

In studying FSA documents and building a timeline of the development of the FairShares Model (FSM), the authors found links between SE developments in the UK, continental Europe, Asia, North/South America and the development of solidarity cooperatives.

The authors argue that the discovery of a communitarian pluralist turn advances “new cooperativism” by enfranchising both labour and users in industrial relations (IR). Using this insight, they challenge accounts of SE history and argue for more research on SE’s potential contribution to radical IR.

The paper highlights the potential of the FSM as a vehicle for catalysing new SE and IR practices that share wealth and power more equitably between social entrepreneurs, workforce members, service/product users and community/social investors.

The legitimacy of history: dictated Bloch. Today, in many areas of knowledge, and of course in entrepreneurship (Wadhwani, 2010), it has become superlative. The aim of this chapter is analyzing the literature about entrepreneurship in Mexico mainly from the last 11 years of studies on the subject. Through this review, we want to highlight the progress in the field, as well as deeper opportunities in its research as a result of it, the profound need for incorporating them not only in the national academic debate but also into the entrepreneurship ecosystem and in specific public policies.

This study aims to explore the degree of diversity and coherence of the components of an entrepreneurial ecosystem at the micro, meso and macro levels in Central Sabana Province in Colombia to establish the strengths and opportunities for improvement of the mentioned ecosystem.

This study uses cross-sectional analysis of multiple cases.

The entrepreneurial ecosystem under study can be categorized as an imbalanced system due to the great diversity it presents in terms of its actors, resources and support programs. Regarding coherence, the ecosystem has not achieved a common objective regarding entrepreneurial processes or the recognition of the strengths of its actors and the specific needs of the entrepreneurs.

The study of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in a particular region has allowed the identification of the strengths of the ecosystem; the establishment of the degree of alignment of actors, resources and programs in the region; the identification of the preference of support and programs for certain types of enterprises with low economic and social impacts; and the characterization of the entrepreneurial ecosystem of the province as self-organized but in need of institutional leadership that supports the effort required for the consolidation of the ecosystem.

Unlike traditional approaches in this field of study, this paper approaches a regional entrepreneurial ecosystem from a qualitative perspective through eight categories of analysis grouped into three levels of study: macro, meso and micro, exploring the degree of diversity and coherence of the actors and their interactions in the ecosystem.

Explorar el grado de diversidad y de coherencia de los componentes del ecosistema emprendedor por niveles micro, meso y macro en la provincia de Sabana centro en Colombia, con el fin de establecer las fortalezas y oportunidades de mejora del mencionado ecosistema.

análisis cruzado de casos múltiples.

El análisis de la información muestra que el ecosistema emprendedor en estudio podría ser categorizado como un sistema en desequilibrio, debido a la gran diversidad que presenta en términos de sus actores, recursos y programas de apoyo. En términos de coherencia el ecosistema no ha logrado un objetivo común respecto a los procesos de emprendimiento, ni el reconocimiento de las fortalezas de sus actores y las necesidades específicas de los emprendedores.

La investigación contribuye al desarrollo del campo de estudio de los ecosistemas emprendedores. El trabajo evidencia que en las primeras etapas de formación de un ecosistema emprendedor se necesita diversidad de componentes que generen heterogeneidad. Pero esta diversidad tiene que ser respaldada por políticas, leyes y financiación, para alcanzar la coherencia entre los diferentes componentes y niveles.

El estudio del ecosistemas emprendedor en una región en particular ha permitido: (a) conocer las fortalezas del ecosistema, (b) conocer el grado de alineación de actores, recursos y programas en la región (c) identificar la preferencia de los apoyos y programas por cierto tipo de emprendimientos de bajo impacto económico y social, (d) el ecosistema emprendedor de la provincia se ha caracterizado por su autoorganización pero resulta evidente la necesidad de un liderazgo institucional que articule los esfuerzos para la consolidación del ecosistema.

Explorar o grau de diversidade e coerência dos componentes do ecossistema empresarial em níveis micro, meso e macro na província de Sabana Centro na Colômbia, com a finalidade de estabelecer os pontos fortes e oportunidades de melhoria do referido ecossistema.

Análise cruzada de casos múltiplos.

A análise das informações mostra que o ecossistema empreendedor em estudo pode ser categorizado como um sistema em desequilíbrio, devido à grande diversidade que apresenta em termos de seus atores, recursos e programas de apoio. Em termos de coerência, o ecossistema não alcançou um objetivo comum em relação aos processos de empreendedorismo, nem o reconhecimento dos pontos fortes de seus atores e as necessidades específicas dos empreendedores.

A pesquisa contribui para o desenvolvimento do campo de estudo dos ecossistemas empresariais. O trabalho mostra que nos estágios iniciais de formação de um ecossistema empreendedor é necessária a diversidade de componentes que geram heterogeneidade. Mas esta diversidade tem que ser apoiada por políticas, leis e financiamento, para alcançar a coerência entre os diferentes componentes e níveis.

O estudo do ecossistema empreendedor em uma determinada região permitiu: (a) conhecer os pontos fortes do ecossistema, (b) conhecer o grau de alinhamento dos atores, recursos e programas na região (c) identificar a preferência de apoios e programas para determinados tipos de empreendimentos de baixo impacto econômico e social, (d) o ecossistema empreendedor da província tem se caracterizado por sua auto-organização, mas a necessidade de uma liderança institucional que articule esforços para consolidar o ecossistema é evidente.

The purpose of this paper is to present Zeuss, a software-based tool designed to improve grammar learning process in elementary school children. Despite efforts by the Colombian Government, the results of the final high school test indicate that students have major deficiencies with language, grammar and reading comprehension. Several difficulties have been evidenced in activities like writing essays or understanding academic papers. Among the reasons that may lead to these results include outdated courses, overcrowded classrooms and lack of interest.

A diagnostic test is performed on third-grade elementary school students to assess the current grammar knowledge and identify areas for improvement. The test results are used to design a software-based tool called Zeuss. The authors include playful activities inspired by several pedagogic exercises found in the literature and personalization so that interaction is tailored to specific user preferences and tastes.

Zeuss has been tested with third-grade students of the Gimnasio Campestre San Francisco de Sales elementary school in Bogotá, Colombia. The results show that using the tool leads to an overall improvement in the grammar construction learning process.

Zeuss aims at improving the learning process in elementary schools helping teachers to overcome several limitations like overcrowded classrooms and outdated pedagogic strategies. Zeuss focuses specifically on the grammar learning process.

Zeuss features updated pedagogical strategies, playful activities and a personalization model to tailor the learning process and help in context. It also allows teachers to track individual and classroom progress.

Social entrepreneurship (SE) has been a field of research that has interested researchers for over 30 years. However, there is no consensus on the concept of SE, and research in this field moves in several directions. The purpose of this study is to summarize the definitions of SE, propose a unified definition of SE and describe the state-of-the-art of SE in the Latin American context.

This study carries out a literature review on SE from 2010 to 2020 to explore the main topics in the SE field, searching, reviewing and selecting the most representative articles published.

The findings of this study suggest agreements and disagreements in the main topics of SE and reveal a significant gap in the SE research in the Latin American scenario.

This study contributes to the future growth of SE literature under a common umbrella that allows for more and better knowledge in this field and proposes a novel research agenda for the SE field in Latin America.

El emprendimiento social (ES) ha sido un campo de investigación que ha interesado a los investigadores durante más de 30 años. Sin embargo, no hay consenso sobre el concepto de ES, y la investigación en este campo se mueve en varias direcciones. El objetivo de este estudio es resumir las definiciones de ES, proponer una definición unificada de ES y describir el estado del arte del ES en el contexto latinoamericano.

Este estudio realiza una revisión de la literatura sobre ES desde 2010 hasta 2020 para explorar los principales temas en el campo del emprendimiento social, buscando, revisando y seleccionando los artículos publicados más representativos del área.

Los hallazgos de este estudio sugieren acuerdos y desacuerdos en los principales temas del ES y revelan una importante brecha en la investigación del ES en el escenario latinoamericano

Esta investigación contribuye al crecimiento futuro de la literatura de ES bajo un paraguas común que permita un mayor y mejor conocimiento en este campo y propone una novedosa agenda de investigación para el campo del ES en América Latina.

O empreendedorismo social (ES) tem sido um campo de investigação que tem interessado os investigadores há mais de 30 anos. Contudo, não há consenso sobre o conceito de ES, e a investigação neste campo move-se em várias direcções. O objectivo deste estudo é resumir as definições de ES, propor uma definição unificada de ES e descrever o estado da arte de ES no contexto latino-americano.

Este estudo efectua uma revisão da literatura da ES de 2010 a 2020 para explorar as principais questões no campo do empreendedorismo social, procurando, revendo e seleccionando os artigos publicados mais representativos na área.

Os resultados deste estudo sugerem concordância e desacordo sobre as principais questões relacionadas com o ES e revelam uma importante lacuna na investigação sobre o ES no contexto latino-americano.

Esta investigação contribui para o crescimento futuro da literatura sobre o ES sob um guarda-chuva comum que permite mais e melhor conhecimento neste campo e propõe uma nova agenda de investigação para o campo do ES na América Latina.

This paper offers an approach for outlining the main dimensions surrounding clusters in three areas of knowledge: economic geography, strategic management and operations management, the first being considered its natural field of knowledge.

The work was developed using the citation analysis technique as applied to a database of 627 articles and 22,980 citations, taken from 15 important journals in the areas selected.

The results proved that the theoretical and conceptual bases are unique to each of the areas studied and that they have few topics in common between them. They are complementary, however, and this facilitates their reconciliation.

The sample base, despite considering fairly influential periodicals in the areas of knowledge selected, can be considered to be a limitation.

Common themes and different areas of knowledge surrounding the cluster concept were identified; despite being considered “common”, a more detailed examination of their content reveals very different, but certainly complementary emphases, which makes it possible to reconcile the areas of knowledge.

This paper aims to identify psychosocial, demographic and health risk factors associated with depression in older people.

A correlational study with 281 independent and autonomous persons of the community over 60 years old from Bogotá was conducted. The three instruments used to measure the variables included in the data analyses were Demographic and Health Data Questionnaire, Short version of 15 items of Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test (MoCA).

Fifteen percent of the participants presented depression. Depression was associated with different demographic, low social support and health factors in this population group and was particularly high in women. Being a woman with poor social support networks and a previous history of depressive episodes should be considered as determining factors within a clinical risk profile for depression in older adulthood. It is essential to design prevention strategies focused on women and on the development of better social support in old age.

Depression is a prevalent and highly disabling disease, when it is suffered by an older person it is associated with higher mortality, functional dependence, poor physical health, worse quality of life indicators and psychological well-being. In the elderly, the clinical diagnosis of depression is difficult, as it has a high comorbidity and is often confused with other health conditions prevalent during older adulthood.