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The public accounting sector of the accounting profession has long been very concerned with the problem of employee recruitment and retention. As early as the 1970s, the then Big 8 firms funded extensive studies of the determinants of employee turnover. The problem is no less real today. Indeed, much has been written about the problem of the vanishing accounting student. If reducing employee turnover and dissatisfaction becomes important in order for the public accounting firms to fulfill their mission of helping to assure the quality of information that investors receive, then having tools that foster an understanding of the determinants of employee dissatisfaction, stress, and turnover is vital. Sheds light on these issues by demonstrating how sophisticated statistical techniques can illuminate the underlying determinants of employee turnover and other important job attitudes. Applies structural equation modeling to Collins and Killough's dataset in order to demonstrate how it can provide important additional substantive insights about relationships between the stressors and job outcomes in public accounting. This important interpretive information is not available, or is available in only limited fashion, in the comparison method of canonical correlation analysis.

In the workplace, emotional dissonance is the conflict between emotions experienced by the employee and those required by the organization. Earlier studies have established that emotional dissonance reduces job satisfaction and exacerbates emotional exhaustion. Emotional dissonance typically occurs during interactions between employees and customers in service industries. As Western economies are dominated by service industries, emotional dissonance may result in rising numbers of dissatisfied and burned out employees. This study examined the process by which emotional dissonance operates, and the impact of self‐esteem on emotional dissonance. Emotional dissonance was found to induce job tension leading, in turn, to emotional exhaustion. Employees with innately low self‐esteem were more likely to experience emotional dissonance and suffer from emotional exhaustion. Other employees found that emotional dissonance reduced their self‐esteem leaving them dissatisfied.

Based on the conservation of resources theory, the purpose of this paper is to develop and test the relationship between workplace ostracism and psychological distress of male employees. And depending on the leader member exchange (LMX) theory, it assumes that the relationship between workplace ostracism and psychological distress of male employees is moderated by the LMX.

For this, this study used a survey method and multiple regression analyses with multi-source data from 226 male Korean employees and their supervisors.

The results suggest the following. First, workplace ostracism was positively associated with job tension, emotional exhaustion and depressed moods at work for male employees. Second, there was a stronger positive relationship between workplace ostracism and job tension, or emotional exhaustion for male employees with low, as opposed to those with high, levels of LMX.

This study is the first one to examine the moderating effect of LMX on the relationship between workplace ostracism and psychological distress of male employees.

This study, completed in 1990 shortly before the Iraqi invasion, analyses some of the organizational and psychological determinants of employee turnover in Kuwait. The study is based on a sample size of 190 full‐time employees taken from governmental, private and shared sector organizations. A statistical analysis of the data indicates that organizational factors have a much more direct effect on the employee turnover rate than psychological factors. In addition, job characteristics, patterns of leadership and job motivation were the strongest predictors of voluntary job termination (employee turnover).

The purpose of this paper is to examine organizational identification as an underlying mechanism for how perceptions of interpersonal leadership are related to employee engagement, and its relationship with commitment and job tension.

A sample of 451 full-time employees at an international firm completed a web-based survey.

Organizational identification mediated the relationship between perceived interpersonal leadership and engagement, which mediated the relationship between perceived interpersonal leadership and commitment. Engagement mediated the relationship between identification and job tension.

Limitations include cross-sectional data. Strengths include a large field sample. Implication is that leaders who encourage employees’ identification with the organization may also encourage their engagement.

Interpersonal leadership characteristics can be developed, and are positively related to employees’ identification, commitment, and engagement, which are negatively related to job tension.

Interpersonal leaders are positively associated with employees’ engagement; high engagement has been related to positive employee health and well-being. A healthy workforce translates into a healthy society.

This study is one of the few to examine the underlying mechanisms through which leadership relates to engagement.

Using conservation of resources as a theoretical lens, the paper aims to investigate distinct objective meaningful work (OMW) and subjective meaningful work (SMW) domains as resources that contribute to wellbeing.

A cross-sectional questionnaire was conducted with 879 employees, measuring OMW resources (job security and autonomy), SMW using the well-validated multidimensional Comprehensive Meaningful Work Scale (CMWS) focusing on five dimensions (integrity with self, expressing full potential, unity with others, service to others and balancing tensions), and three wellbeing outcomes (positive affect, negative affect and job stress). The authors conducted structural equation modeling, mediation analysis with PROCESS macro including bootstrapping, and dominance analysis, to identify the core relationships between OMW and SMW dimensions and three wellbeing constructs.

OMW resources are largely beneficially related to SMW dimensions; both OMW and SMW resources are mostly beneficially related to wellbeing outcomes; and the overall associations of OMW with the three wellbeing constructs are partially mediated by SMW. The dominance analyses of SMW with wellbeing shows expressing full potential is the most important predictor of positive affect, and integrity with self is the most important (negatively related) predictor of negative affect and job stress.

Our research, in pulling apart the different dimensions of MW, shows that to enhance wellbeing, HR professionals should not just pay attention to practices that support self-transcendent MW but also those that support the self. When not balanced, MW can lead to a loss of wellbeing.

The findings highlight that (1) while the current MW literature places a lot of emphasis on SMW, OMW remains an important consideration, and (2) while the MW literature often focuses on self-transcendent meanings, such as making a difference, the self-oriented dimensions of SMW are more dominant toward wellbeing. This is valuable to employees, managers, and HR professionals considering how to improve MW and wellbeing.

Project management has become a common organisational approach to manage complex projects. Despite its popularity, few studies have used a human resource perspective to understand the behavioural dimensions of the project manager. This study reports an empirical investigation on some of the causes and consequences of role stress among project managers. The sample consisted of 101 project managers in both projectised and matrix organisations. The study investigates the relationships between role stress and communication aspects such as boundary spanning, perceived effectiveness, satisfaction and job tension. It also examines the effect of role autonomy, need for achievement, age and experience on effectiveness, satisfaction and performance. Implications of the study, in terms of project management effectiveness are discussed. The study concludes with a summary of critical behavioural issues which impinge on project management effectiveness.

Evidence suggests that product managers' need to communicate across organizational and environmental boundaries under conditions of uncertainty can give rise to powerful role pressures of conflict and ambiguity. These pressures are generally associated with negative or dysfunctional personal outcomes such as job‐related tension, dissatisfaction, and poorer performance. Moreover, in situations where role conflict is particularly high, experienced product managers are susceptible to “burnout.” Some practical approaches to overcoming these difficulties are discussed.

The COVID-19 pandemic has, besides the health concerns, caused an unprecedented social and economic crisis that has particularly hit service industries hard. Due to extensive safety measures, many service employees have to work remotely to keep service businesses running. With limited literature on leadership and virtual work in the service context, this paper aims to report on leadership effectiveness regarding employees' work performance in virtual settings brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Drawing on the input–process–outcome (IPO) framework, this research investigates the effectiveness of leadership on service employees' work performance mediated by work-related tension, autonomy, and group cohesiveness. Furthermore, this study explores moderating effects of the service provider's digital maturity. To test the derived model, the authors collected survey data from 206 service employees who, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, unexpectedly had to transform to a virtual work environment. The authors analyzed the data using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).

The results indicated that it took task- and relation-oriented leadership behavior to maintain service employees' work performance in a virtual environment during crisis situations. Further, results indicated mediating effects of service employees' individual job autonomy and team cohesiveness; surprisingly, work-related tension did not impact employees' work performance. Results offered service businesses guidance on how to effectively lead in times of crisis when service employees predominantly work in virtual environments.

This is the first empirical study to show how leadership affects service employees' work performance in a virtual work environment during crisis times. Thus, the study contributes to the scarce literature on the impact of leadership in service firms that have to operate in such a setting.

The purpose of this study is to study gender differences in the relationship between McClelland's needs, stress, and turnover intentions with work‐family conflict.

Survey data were collected from 383 individuals representing 15 different industries. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses.

Results suggest that McClelland's needs act as an antecedent of work‐family conflict, and that they have a differential impact on work‐family conflict for women and men.

The subjects were college graduates, hence it was a self‐selected sample, and the results may not generalise to other populations.

Women are more affected by family obligations than men and this may impact the performance and turnover intentions of women in organisations.

This paper enhances understanding of work‐family conflict by specifically examining individual differences such as need for power, need for achievement and need for affiliation and evaluating their impact on turnover intention and job tension.