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Book part
Publication date: 26 July 2016

Introduction: Youth and Education in a Rapidly Changing World

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Education and Youth Today
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1537-466120160000020018
ISBN: 978-1-78635-046-6

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Book part
Publication date: 26 July 2016

Relational Trust: An Ethnographic Look at Staff and Students’ Relationships in an Afterschool Program

Jessica Lipschultz

This study documents the role of relational trust in an afterschool organization and its influences on young people’s experiences.

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Abstract

Purpose

This study documents the role of relational trust in an afterschool organization and its influences on young people’s experiences.

Design/methodology/approach

Through a 10-month ethnographic study of one afterschool program that teaches teens how to make documentaries, I demonstrate that the confluence of blurred organizational goals; weak relational trust among staff; and funding pressures may have the unintended consequence of exploiting students for their work products and life stories.

Findings

The study finds that, while not all organizations function with student work at its center, many afterschool organizations are under increasing pressures to document student gains through tangible measures.

Practical implications

Implications from these findings reveal the need for developing strong relationships among staff members as well as establishing transparency in funding afterschool programs from within the organization and from foundations in order to provide quality programming for young people.

Originality/value

This study informs organizational theory, specifically in terms of measures of variation in relational trust within an organization and its influence on young people. This chapter includes student accounts of experiences with staff to enhance the significance of relational trust.

Details

Education and Youth Today
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1537-466120160000020009
ISBN: 978-1-78635-046-6

Keywords

  • Relational trust
  • organizational theory
  • afterschool programs
  • teens

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Book part
Publication date: 26 July 2016

Do Alternatives Matter: Is the Provision of Disciplinary Alternatives Associated with Lower Levels of Low-Level Suspensions in American High Schools?

E. Christine Baker-Smith and Jessica Lipschultz

Concern about the use of zero-tolerance policies for discipline has led to a search for alternatives such as training in early-warning signs of aggressive behavior and…

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Abstract

Purpose

Concern about the use of zero-tolerance policies for discipline has led to a search for alternatives such as training in early-warning signs of aggressive behavior and strategies for effective classroom management in schools. This chapter examines the effectiveness of the provision of alternatives to out-of-school suspensions (OSS) in reducing the use of exclusionary discipline for minor misbehavior and the school characteristics associated with these provisions.

Design/methodology/approach

This analysis uses the 2008 panel from the National School Survey on Crime and Safety to explore this question for approximately 1,000 high schools. The analysis is a probit regression analysis to examine the association between the provision of alternatives to OSS, school characteristics, and the use of OSS for low-level suspensions. This analytic approach provides wide generalizability for the findings, though it does also limit an ability to identify individual school- or student-level effects.

Findings

Findings based on probit regression analysis suggest that structural characteristics of schools – beyond student characteristics – are only somewhat related to variation in the use of OSS for low-level infractions and, on average, the availability of alternatives to OSS do not strongly decrease the frequency of OSS for lower-level infractions. These findings are important in the current era of discipline policy scrutiny where schools and policy-makers are searching for alternatives to traditional suspension practices in a limited empirical evidence base.

Originality/value

While these alternatives hold great promise, little is known about their effectiveness in addressing behavior problems and/or reducing OSS. More importantly, even less is known about the characteristics of schools likely to enact alternatives.

Details

Education and Youth Today
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1537-466120160000020010
ISBN: 978-1-78635-046-6

Keywords

  • School discipline
  • alternative approaches to discipline
  • suspensions
  • school characteristics
  • PBIS
  • SSOCS

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Book part
Publication date: 26 July 2016

List of Contributors

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Education and Youth Today
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1537-466120160000020014
ISBN: 978-1-78635-046-6

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Book part
Publication date: 26 July 2016

About the Authors

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Education and Youth Today
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1537-466120160000020022
ISBN: 978-1-78635-046-6

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Book part
Publication date: 7 November 2017

About the Authors

Free Access
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Corporate Social Responsibility, Sustainability, and Ethical Public Relations
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78714-585-620181012
ISBN: 978-1-78714-585-6

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