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1 – 10 of 13Muhammad Zada, Jawad Khan, Imran Saeed, Shagufta Zada and Zhang Yong Jun
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between sustainable leadership and sustainable project performance. Specifically, the study aims to examine the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between sustainable leadership and sustainable project performance. Specifically, the study aims to examine the mediating role of knowledge integration, examining how knowledge integration within an organization influences project outcomes. In addition, the study seeks to explore the moderating role of top management knowledge values, examining how the values and beliefs of top management influence the relationship between sustainable leadership and project performance.
Design/methodology/approach
A three-wave survey of 392 employees working in construction sector projects in Pakistan used both hierarchical regression analysis and Hayes’ PROCESS macro method to evaluate the hypotheses.
Findings
The study results show that sustainable leadership positively relates to sustainable project performance and knowledge integration mediating this relationship. In addition, the top management knowledge value moderates the indirect effect of sustainable leadership on sustainable project performance via knowledge integration.
Research limitations/implications
Although the model was tested using three-wave data, it is important to note that the data were obtained from a single source. Therefore, it is possible that common method bias may have influenced the results, and this cannot be disregarded.
Practical implications
Organizations seek to prioritize sustainability and integrate sustainability considerations into their project management processes. Organizations can achieve improved sustainable project performance by investing in sustainable leadership development, fostering a culture of knowledge sharing and learning, prioritizing top management support for sustainable performance and integrating sustainable considerations into project management processes.
Originality/value
The study’s grounding on organizational learning theory adds an original and valuable perspective to the relationship between sustainable leadership and sustainable project performance. This investigation is original, as it combines sustainable leadership, knowledge integration and the moderating role of top management knowledge value to understand their impact on sustainable project performance. This unique approach contributes to the literature by providing new insights into these relationships and mechanisms in the construction industry.
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Rosemarie Santa González, Marilène Cherkesly, Teodor Gabriel Crainic and Marie-Eve Rancourt
This study aims to deepen the understanding of the challenges and implications entailed by deploying mobile clinics in conflict zones to reach populations affected by violence and…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to deepen the understanding of the challenges and implications entailed by deploying mobile clinics in conflict zones to reach populations affected by violence and cut off from health-care services.
Design/methodology/approach
This research combines an integrated literature review and an instrumental case study. The literature review comprises two targeted reviews to provide insights: one on conflict zones and one on mobile clinics. The case study describes the process and challenges faced throughout a mobile clinic deployment during and after the Iraq War. The data was gathered using mixed methods over a two-year period (2017–2018).
Findings
Armed conflicts directly impact the populations’ health and access to health care. Mobile clinic deployments are often used and recommended to provide health-care access to vulnerable populations cut off from health-care services. However, there is a dearth of peer-reviewed literature documenting decision support tools for mobile clinic deployments.
Originality/value
This study highlights the gaps in the literature and provides direction for future research to support the development of valuable insights and decision support tools for practitioners.
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Syed Sohaib Zafar, Aurang Zaib, Farhan Ali, Fuad S. Alduais, Afrah Al Bossly and Anwar Saeed
The modern day has seen an increase in the prevalence of the improvement of high-performance thermal systems for the enhancement of heat transmission. Numerous studies and…
Abstract
Purpose
The modern day has seen an increase in the prevalence of the improvement of high-performance thermal systems for the enhancement of heat transmission. Numerous studies and research projects have been carried out to acquire an understanding of heat transport performance for their functional application to heat conveyance augmentation. The idea of this study is to inspect the entropy production in Darcy-Forchheimer Ree-Eyring nanofluid containing bioconvection flow toward a stretching surface is the topic of discussion in this paper. It is also important to take into account the influence of gravitational forces, double stratification, heat source–sink and thermal radiation. In light of the second rule of thermodynamics, a model of the generation of total entropy is presented.
Design/methodology/approach
Incorporating boundary layer assumptions allows one to derive the governing system of partial differential equations. The dimensional flow model is transformed into a non-dimensional representation by applying the appropriate transformations. To deal with dimensionless flow expressions, the built-in shooting method and the BVP4c code in the Matlab software are used. Graphical analysis is performed on the data to investigate the variation in velocity, temperature, concentration, motile microorganisms, Bejan number and entropy production concerning the involved parameters.
Findings
The authors have analytically assessed the impact of Darcy Forchheimer's flow of nanofluid due to a spinning disc with slip conditions and microorganisms. The modeled equations are reset into the non-dimensional form of ordinary differential equations. Which are further solved through the BVP4c approach. The results are presented in the form of tables and figures for velocity, mass, energy and motile microbe profiles. The key conclusions are: The rate of skin friction incessantly reduces with the variation of the Weissenberg number, porosity parameter and Forchheimer number. The rising values of the Prandtl number reduce the energy transmission rate while accelerating the mass transfer rate. Similarly, the effect of Nb (Brownian motion) enhances the energy and mass transfer rates. The rate of augments with the flourishing values of bioconvection Lewis and Peclet number. The factor of concentration of microorganisms is reported to have a diminishing effect on the profile. The velocity, energy and entropy generation enhance with the rising values of the Weissenberg number.
Originality/value
According to the findings of the study, a slip flow of Ree-Eyring nanofluid was observed in the presence of entropy production and heat sources/sinks. There are features when the implementations of Darcy–Forchheimer come into play. In addition to that, double stratification with chemical reaction characteristics is presented as a new feature. The flow was caused by the stretching sheet. It has been brought to people's attention that although there are some investigations accessible on the flow of Ree-Eyring nanofluid with double stratification, they are not presented. This research draws attention to a previously unexplored topic and demonstrates a successful attempt to construct a model with distinctive characteristics.
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Majid Rahi, Ali Ebrahimnejad and Homayun Motameni
Taking into consideration the current human need for agricultural produce such as rice that requires water for growth, the optimal consumption of this valuable liquid is…
Abstract
Purpose
Taking into consideration the current human need for agricultural produce such as rice that requires water for growth, the optimal consumption of this valuable liquid is important. Unfortunately, the traditional use of water by humans for agricultural purposes contradicts the concept of optimal consumption. Therefore, designing and implementing a mechanized irrigation system is of the highest importance. This system includes hardware equipment such as liquid altimeter sensors, valves and pumps which have a failure phenomenon as an integral part, causing faults in the system. Naturally, these faults occur at probable time intervals, and the probability function with exponential distribution is used to simulate this interval. Thus, before the implementation of such high-cost systems, its evaluation is essential during the design phase.
Design/methodology/approach
The proposed approach included two main steps: offline and online. The offline phase included the simulation of the studied system (i.e. the irrigation system of paddy fields) and the acquisition of a data set for training machine learning algorithms such as decision trees to detect, locate (classification) and evaluate faults. In the online phase, C5.0 decision trees trained in the offline phase were used on a stream of data generated by the system.
Findings
The proposed approach is a comprehensive online component-oriented method, which is a combination of supervised machine learning methods to investigate system faults. Each of these methods is considered a component determined by the dimensions and complexity of the case study (to discover, classify and evaluate fault tolerance). These components are placed together in the form of a process framework so that the appropriate method for each component is obtained based on comparison with other machine learning methods. As a result, depending on the conditions under study, the most efficient method is selected in the components. Before the system implementation phase, its reliability is checked by evaluating the predicted faults (in the system design phase). Therefore, this approach avoids the construction of a high-risk system. Compared to existing methods, the proposed approach is more comprehensive and has greater flexibility.
Research limitations/implications
By expanding the dimensions of the problem, the model verification space grows exponentially using automata.
Originality/value
Unlike the existing methods that only examine one or two aspects of fault analysis such as fault detection, classification and fault-tolerance evaluation, this paper proposes a comprehensive process-oriented approach that investigates all three aspects of fault analysis concurrently.
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Nadia A. Abdelmegeed Abdelwahed, Mohammed A. Al Doghan, Ummi Naiemah Saraih and Bahadur Ali Soomro
In the present era, digital technology can be used responsibly to provide developed and developing countries with high-quality health-care services to nations. This study aims to…
Abstract
Purpose
In the present era, digital technology can be used responsibly to provide developed and developing countries with high-quality health-care services to nations. This study aims to explore Saudi Arabia’s intentions to adopt digital health-care practices.
Design/methodology/approach
To be consistent with previous studies, this study used a quantitative methodology to collect the data from health-care professionals working in Saudi Arabia’s public and private health institutes. Consequently, this study’s findings are based on 306 valid samples.
Findings
On the one hand, the path analysis reveals that health-care professionals believe in perceptions relating to the use of e-health and technology (PEHT) and experiences regarding internet use (ERIU) and that these have positive and significant effects on attitudes toward the use of e-health and technology (ATEHT) and intentions to use e-health services (ITUES). On the other hand, barriers to using e-health (BUEH) negatively impact ATEHT and ITUES. Finally, ATEHT also has a positive and significant effect on ITUES.
Practical implications
This study’s findings will help Saudi Arabia’s policymakers and the country’s health ministry to develop policies to provide e-services that health-care professionals can use to improve the quality of the country’s health care, patients’ human rights and social care. Furthermore, this study’s findings are helpful in developing attitudes and intentions toward either e-health or digital health to provide better health facilities to serve Saudi Arabia’s citizens.
Originality/value
This study empirically confirms among Saudi Arabia’s health-care professionals the PEHT, ERIU and BUEH toward ATEHT and ITUES.
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Mohammed W.A. Saleh and Marwan Mansour
An audit committee (AC) whose members hold multiple directorships can adversely affect a firm’s earnings management (EM) behavior due to a lack of time that can prevent members…
Abstract
Purpose
An audit committee (AC) whose members hold multiple directorships can adversely affect a firm’s earnings management (EM) behavior due to a lack of time that can prevent members from performing their responsibilities effectively. This paper aims to investigate the moderation role of foreign ownership (FOWN) on audit committee multiple directorships (ACMD) as it relates to accrual EM.
Design/methodology/approach
Using a sample of 528 observations for Palestinian listed companies over 2009–2019, this research used panel data regression to explore the specified relationships. Additionally, the study conducted a regression analysis using alternative measurements of the ACMD and the extended modified Jones model (2006) to assess robustness. Furthermore, generalized method of moments and a two-stage least squares method were used to address potential endogeneity concerns.
Findings
The results show that multiple directorships lead to a scarcity of time that can adversely affect efficient management oversight and documented an adverse association between FOWN and discretionary accruals. The results are consistent with agency theory that FOWN brings in expertise and experience from countries with strong governance to benefit local firms and thus recover control, lower agency costs, raise a firm’s value and thus alleviate EM.
Originality/value
This study provides unique explanations and recommendations for restraining excessive ACMD because this practice decreases managers’ ability to decrease EM. The mixed outcomes in earlier literature on the AC characteristics and EM also indicate a contingent role that may clarify this inconsistency.
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Maria Ghannoum, Joseph Assaad, Michel Daaboul and Abdulkader El-Mir
The use of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastics derived from shredded bottles in concrete is not formalized yet, especially in reinforced members such as beams and…
Abstract
Purpose
The use of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastics derived from shredded bottles in concrete is not formalized yet, especially in reinforced members such as beams and columns. The disposal of plastic wastes in concrete is a viable alternative to manage those wastes while minimizing the environmental impacts associated to recycling, carbon dioxide emissions and energy consumption.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper evaluates the suitability of 2D deterministic and stochastic finite element (FE) modeling to predict the shear strength behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams without stirrups. Different concrete mixtures prepared with 1.5%–4.5% PET additions, by volume, are investigated.
Findings
Test results showed that the deterministic and stochastic FE approaches are accurate to assess the maximum load of RC beams at failure and corresponding midspan deflection. However, the crack patterns observed experimentally during the different stages of loading can only be reproduced using the stochastic FE approach. This later method accounts for the concrete heterogeneity due to PET additions, allowing a statistical simulation of the effect of mechanical properties (i.e. compressive strength, tensile strength and Young’s modulus) on the output FE parameters.
Originality/value
Data presented in this paper can be of interest to civil and structural engineers, aiming to predict the failure mechanisms of RC beams containing plastic wastes, while minimizing the experimental time and resources needed to estimate the variability effect of concrete properties on the performance of such structures.
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Thameem Hayath Basha, Sivaraj Ramachandran and Bongsoo Jang
The need for precise synthesis of customized designs has resulted in the development of advanced coating processes for modern nanomaterials. Achieving accuracy in these processes…
Abstract
Purpose
The need for precise synthesis of customized designs has resulted in the development of advanced coating processes for modern nanomaterials. Achieving accuracy in these processes requires a deep understanding of thermophysical behavior, rheology and complex chemical reactions. The manufacturing flow processes for these coatings are intricate and involve heat and mass transfer phenomena. Magnetic nanoparticles are being used to create intelligent coatings that can be externally manipulated, making them highly desirable. In this study, a Keller box calculation is used to investigate the flow of a coating nanofluid containing a viscoelastic polymer over a circular cylinder.
Design/methodology/approach
The rheology of the coating polymer nanofluid is described using the viscoelastic model, while the effects of nanoscale are accounted for by using Buongiorno’s two-component model. The nonlinear PDEs are transformed into dimensionless PDEs via a nonsimilar transformation. The dimensionless PDEs are then solved using the Keller box method.
Findings
The transport phenomena are analyzed through a comprehensive parametric study that investigates the effects of various emerging parameters, including thermal radiation, Biot number, Eckert number, Brownian motion, magnetic field and thermophoresis. The results of the numerical analysis, such as the physical variables and flow field, are presented graphically. The momentum boundary layer thickness of the viscoelastic polymer nanofluid decreases as fluid parameter increases. An increase in mixed convection parameter leads to a rise in the Nusselt number. The enhancement of the Brinkman number and Biot number results in an increase in the total entropy generation of the viscoelastic polymer nanofluid.
Practical implications
Intelligent materials rely heavily on the critical characteristic of viscoelasticity, which displays both viscous and elastic effects. Viscoelastic models provide a comprehensive framework for capturing a range of polymeric characteristics, such as stress relaxation, retardation, stretching and molecular reorientation. Consequently, they are a valuable tool in smart coating technologies, as well as in various applications like supercapacitor electrodes, solar collector receivers and power generation. This study has practical applications in the field of coating engineering components that use smart magnetic nanofluids. The results of this research can be used to analyze the dimensions of velocity profiles, heat and mass transfer, which are important factors in coating engineering. The study is a valuable contribution to the literature because it takes into account Joule heating, nonlinear convection and viscous dissipation effects, which have a significant impact on the thermofluid transport characteristics of the coating.
Originality/value
The momentum boundary layer thickness of the viscoelastic polymer nanofluid decreases as the fluid parameter increases. An increase in the mixed convection parameter leads to a rise in the Nusselt number. The enhancement of the Brinkman number and Biot number results in an increase in the total entropy generation of the viscoelastic polymer nanofluid. Increasing the strength of the magnetic field promotes an increase in the density of the streamlines. An increase in the mixed convection parameter results in a decrease in the isotherms and isoconcentration.
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MD. Shamshuddin, Anwar Saeed, S.R. Mishra, Ramesh Katta and Mohamed R. Eid
Whilst a modest number of investigations have been undertaken concerning nanofluids (NFs), the exploration of fluid flow under exponentially stretching velocities using NFs…
Abstract
Purpose
Whilst a modest number of investigations have been undertaken concerning nanofluids (NFs), the exploration of fluid flow under exponentially stretching velocities using NFs remains comparatively uncharted territory. This work presents a distinctive contribution through the comprehensive examination of heat and mass transfer phenomena in the NF ND–Cu/H2O under the influence of an exponentially stretching velocity. Moreover, the investigation delves into the intriguing interplay of gyrotactic microorganisms and convective boundary conditions within the system.
Design/methodology/approach
Similarity transformations have been used on PDEs to convert them into dimensionless ODEs. The solution is derived by using the homotopy analysis method (HAM). The pictorial notations have been prepared for sundry flow parameters. Furthermore, some engineering quantities are calculated in terms of the density of motile microbes, Nusselt and Sherwood numbers and skin friction, which are presented in tabular form.
Findings
The mixed convection effect associated with the combined effect of the buoyancy ratio, bioconvection Rayleigh constant and the resistivity due to the magnetization property gives rise to attenuating the velocity distribution significantly in the case of hybrid nanoliquid. The parameters involved in the profile of motile microorganisms attenuate the profile significantly.
Practical implications
The current simulations have uncovered fascinating discoveries about how metallic NFs behave near a stretched surface. These insights give us valuable information about the characteristics of the boundary layer close to the surface under exponential stretching.
Originality/value
The novelty of the current investigation is the analysis of NF ND–Cu/H2O along with an exponentially stretching velocity in a system with gyrotactic microorganisms. The investigation of fluid flow at an exponentially stretching velocity using NFs is still relatively unexplored.
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Bhupendra Kumar Sharma, Umesh Khanduri, Rishu Gandhi and Taseer Muhammad
The purpose of this paper is to study haemodynamic flow characteristics and entropy analysis in a bifurcated artery system subjected to stenosis, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study haemodynamic flow characteristics and entropy analysis in a bifurcated artery system subjected to stenosis, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow and aneurysm conditions. The findings of this study offer significant insights into the intricate interplay encompassing electro-osmosis, MHD flow, microorganisms, Joule heating and the ternary hybrid nanofluid.
Design/methodology/approach
The governing equations are first non-dimensionalised, and subsequently, a coordinate transformation is used to regularise the irregular boundaries. The discretisation of the governing equations is accomplished by using the Crank–Nicolson scheme. Furthermore, the tri-diagonal matrix algorithm is applied to solve the resulting matrix arising from the discretisation.
Findings
The investigation reveals that the velocity profile experiences enhancement with an increase in the Debye–Hückel parameter, whereas the magnetic field parameter exhibits the opposite effect, reducing the velocity profile. A comparative study demonstrates the velocity distribution in Au-CuO hybrid nanofluid and Au-CuO-GO ternary hybrid nanofluid. The results indicate a notable enhancement in velocity for the ternary hybrid nanofluid compared to the hybrid nanofluids. Moreover, an increase in the Brinkmann number results in an augmentation in entropy generation.
Originality/value
This study investigates the flow characteristics and entropy analysis in a bifurcated artery system subjected to stenosis, MHD flow and aneurysm conditions. The governing equations are non-dimensionalised, and a coordinate transformation is applied to regularise the irregular boundaries. The Crank–Nicolson scheme is used to model blood flow in the presence of a ternary hybrid nanofluid (Au-CuO-GO/blood) within the arterial domain. The findings shed light on the complex interactions involving stenosis, MHD flow, aneurysms, Joule heating and the ternary hybrid nanofluid. The results indicate a decrease in the wall shear stress (WSS) profile with increasing stenosis size. The MHD effects are observed to influence the velocity distribution, as the velocity profile exhibits a declining nature with an increase in the Hartmann number. In addition, entropy generation increases with an enhancement in the Brinkmann number. This research contributes to understanding fluid dynamics and heat transfer mechanisms in bifurcated arteries, providing valuable insights for diagnosing and treating cardiovascular diseases.
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