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This study seeks to offer a contextual, multilevel perspective on the impact of patriarchal culture and Islamic faith on issues facing women holding leadership positions in a Middle Eastern context.

Data were collected through 25 in-depth qualitative interviews along with open-ended questions in a paper-based survey. In view of the authors' research objectives, the authors purposively recruited participants who were identified as Muslim scholars (academics) and clerics (practitioners).

While the study challenges the prevailing stereotype that Islam holds women leaders back by referring to Islamic teachings that support gender equality, it also highlights the adverse impact of gender discriminatory misinterpretations of Islam for women leaders. The study identifies three interconnected, multilevel factors that lead to misinterpretations of Islamic teachings, i.e. (1) cultural factors (macro level – i.e. patriarchal and tribal culture), (2) organizational factors (meso level – i.e. organizational policies) and (3) individual factors (micro level – i.e. interpretations and practices of religion).

This study contributes to the existing theory development of religion and women in leadership by presenting a novel model highlighting the interplay between religion, patriarchy and women in leadership.

The study recommends the application of a gender egalitarian system that enables full utilization of women's skills and capabilities by (1) reducing the discriminatory function of tribal culture and (2) identifying steps to reform inegalitarian gender practices in the Arab region.

The research is unique as it is the first time that a study has incorporated Muslim academic scholars' and clerics' views into gender and organization research. The study is thus contextually relevant and offers fresh multilevel insights on the interplay among religion, culture and gender.

Although the importance of climate change is generally acknowledged, its impacts are often not taken into account explicitly when planning development projects. This being due to limited resources, among others, this paper aims to propose a simple and low-cost approach to assess the viability of human activities under climate change.

Many human activities are feasible only within a narrow range of climatic conditions. Comparing such “climate corridors” with future climate projections provides an intuitive yet quantitative means for assessing needs for, and the viability of, adaptation activities under climate change.

The approach was tested within development projects in Pakistan, Peru and Tajikistan. The approach was shown to work well for forestry and agriculture, indicating positive/negative prospects for wheat in two districts in Pakistan, temperature constraints for maize in Peru and widening elevation ranges for walnut trees in Tajikistan.

Climate corridor analyses feed into the preparation of Local Adaptation Plans of Action in Pakistan.

The simplicity and robustness of climate corridor analysis allow for efficient analysis and communication of climate change impacts. It works when data availability is limited, but it can as well accommodate a wide range of complexities. It has proven to be an effective vehicle for mainstreaming climate change into adaptation planning.

The aim of this research is to carry out a bibliometric analysis of the academic literature indexed in the Core Collection of the Web of Science (WoS) on happiness management in companies during the period between 2000 and 2022. In particular, the variables used to keep the scientific production under study are as follows: (1) time evolution, (2) publication format, (3) categories, (4) authors, (5) institutions, (6) journals, (7) publishers and (8) countries.

To carry out the analysis, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology is followed, using the WoS database for data collection and VosViewer to create the network maps.

The results show, among other aspects, the accelerated growth rate of the scientific production studied since 2017, the use of publications in articles as the main format for disseminating research results, the relevance of the business category as the area of study in which most of the scientific production examined falls as well as the predominant role of the publishers Emerald, Springer and Elsevier in the publication of scientific documents on the subject under analysis.

There are different reasons that justify the originality of the study. First, the research advances the understanding of the academic literature on happiness management at the corporate level. Second, to the best of the authors' knowledge, there are no previous bibliometric studies that have addressed this topic. Third, the research analyses the literature under analysis from the first record to the year 2022, assuming an update of the previous narrative and systematic reviews carried out on the subject studied.

The purpose of this study was to prepare carboxylated attapulgite (APT-COOH) and then be used as one of the ligands to prepare metal organic framework (MOF) hybrid materials to reduce the cost of MOF materials and improve the dispersed condition of APT. And then the materials were used to enrich anionic dye Congo red from aqueous solution.

The MOF hybrid materials were designed by means of facile reflux method rather than hydrothermal method, characterized by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrometer and pore structure. The dispersed degree of APT-COOH in the MOF materials was validated according to adsorption efficiency for Congo red.

Due to introduction of APT-COOH, the microenvironment of the MOF materials changed, leading to different adsorption behaviors. Compared to the MOF material without APT-COOH, the adsorption capacities of the hybridized MOF materials with different amounts of APT-COOH introduced increased by 4.58% and 15.55%, respectively, as the initial concentration of Congo red solution of 300 mg/L. Meantime, hybridized MOF materials were suitable to remove Congo red with low concentration, while the MOF material without APT-COOH was appropriate to enrich Congo red with high concentration.

The microstructure of MOF hybrid materials in detail is the further and future investigation.

This study will provide a method to reduce the cost of MOF materials and a theoretical support to treat anionic dyes from aqueous solution.

APT-COOH was prepared and used as one of the ligands to synthesize MOF material to improve the dispersed degree of APT-COOH and reduce the cost of the MOF materials. The adsorption efficiency was greatly enhanced with low concentration of Congo red solution, and the results indicated that hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction, and p-p conjugation were involved in the adsorption process. The prepared MOFs materials exhibited excellent adsorption efficiency, which made the present materials highly promising and potentially useful in practical application as adsorbents to enrich anionic dyes such as Congo red from aqueous solution.

The purpose of this paper is to describe a normative perspective of employment relations in Islam.

The perspective on employment relations offered in this paper is based on a reading of the principal Islamic texts (the Qur'an and the hadith) and a review of the literature on Islamic economics.

Despite varied interpretations and practices of the economic system in Islam, it is possible to identify a common emphasis on ethical conduct of employers and employees and social justice in Islamic ideology.

Given the paucity of research on employment relations in Islam, the paper offers an original perspective on this topic.

The purpose of study is to examine the dual nature of the branches for the problem of Darcy–Forchheimer porous medium flow of rotating nanofluid on a linearly stretching/shrinking surface under the field of magnetic influence. The dual nature of the branches confronts the uniqueness and existence theorem, moreover, mathematically it is a great achievement. For engineering purposes, this study applied a linear stability test on the multiple branches to determine which solution is physically reliable (stable).

Nanofluid model has been developed with the help of Buongiorno model. The partial differential equations in space coordinates for the law of conservation of mass, momentum and energy have been transformed into ordinary differential equations by introducing the similarity variables. Two numerical techniques, namely, the shooting method in Maple software and the three-stage Lobatto IIIA method in Matlab software, have been used to find multiple branches and to accomplish stability analysis, respectively.

The parametric investigation has been executed to find the multiple branches and explore the effects on skin friction, Sherwood number, Nusselt number, concentration and temperature profiles. The findings exhibited the presence of dual branches only in the case of a shrinking sheet.

The originality of work is a determination of multiple branches and the performance of the stability analysis of the branches. It has also been confirmed that such a study has not yet been considered in the previous literature.

In this communication, a theoretical simulation is aimed to characterize the Darcy–Forchheimer flow of a magneto-couple stress fluid over an inclined exponentially stretching sheet. Stokes’ couple stress model is deployed to simulate non-Newtonian microstructural characteristics. Two different kinds of thermal boundary conditions, namely, the prescribed exponential order surface temperature (PEST) and prescribed exponential order heat flux, are considered in the heat transfer analysis. Joule heating (Ohmic dissipation), viscous dissipation and heat source/sink impacts are also included in the energy equation because these phenomena arise frequently in magnetic materials processing.

The governing partial differential equations are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by adopting suitable similar transformations. The resulting system of nonlinear ODEs is tackled numerically by using the Runge–Kutta fourth (RK4)-order numerical integration scheme based on the shooting technique. The impacts of sundry parameters on stream function, velocity and temperature profiles are viewed with the help of graphical illustrations. For engineering interests, the physical implication of the said parameters on skin friction coefficient, Nussult number and surface temperature are discussed numerically through tables.

As a key outcome, it is noted that the augmented Chandrasekhar number, porosity parameter and Forchhemeir parameter diminish the stream function as well as the velocity profile. The behavior of the Darcian drag force is similar to the magnetic field on fluid flow. Temperature profiles are generally upsurged with the greater magnetic field, couple stress parameter and porosity parameter, and are consistently higher for the PEST case.

The findings obtained from this analysis can be applied in magnetic material processing, metallurgy, casting, filtration of liquid metals, gas-cleaning filtration, cooling of metallic sheets, petroleum industries, geothermal operations, boundary layer resistors in aerodynamics, etc.

From the literature review, it has been found that the Darcy–Forchheimer flow of a magneto-couple stress fluid over an inclined exponentially stretching surface with heat flux conditions is still scarce. The numerical data of the present results are validated with the already existing studies under limited cases and inferred to have good concord.

The purpose of this paper is to review previous research studies on mathematical models for entropy generation in the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) flow of nanofluids. In addition, the influence of various parameters on the velocity profiles, temperature profiles and entropy generation was studied. Furthermore, the numerical methods used to solve the model equations were summarized. The underlying purpose was to understand the research gap and develop a research agenda.

This paper reviews 141 journal articles published between 2010 and 2022 on topics related to mathematical models used to assess the impacts of various parameters on the entropy generation, heat transfer and velocity of the MHD flow of nanofluids.

This review clarifies the application of entropy generation mathematical models, identifies areas for future research and provides necessary information for future research in the development of efficient thermodynamic systems. It is hoped that this review paper can provide a basis for further research on the irreversibility of nanofluids flowing through different channels in the development of efficient thermodynamic systems.

Entropy generation analysis and minimization constitute effective approaches for improving the performance of thermodynamic systems. A comprehensive review of the effects of various parameters on entropy generation was performed in this study.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate different branches of the solution of micropolar fluid in a channel with permeable walls. Moreover, the intention of the study is to examine the effect of different physical parameters on fluid flow.

The mathematical modeling is performed on the basis of law of conservation of mass, momentum and angular momentum. The governing partial differential equations were transformed into ordinary differential equations by applying suitable similarity transformation. Afterwards, the set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations was solved numerically by a shooting method.

The study reveals that various branches of the solution of the proposed problem exist only in the case of strong suction.

The investigation of new branches of the solution of non-Newtonian micropolar fluid is relatively difficult as far as the single solution is concern. This study explores the new branches of the solution of a micropolar fluid in a channel with suction/injection. Simultaneous effect of suction Reynolds number and vortex viscosity parameter on velocity and micro-rotation profile is examined for different branches of solution in order to make the analysis more interesting.