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This study aims to prove that land-use change plays a role in the occurrence of hydro-meteorological disasters in Central Java, especially in relation to its upstream and downstream.

The paper presents empirical findings from quantitative research using a spatial analysis and descriptive analysis.

The upstream and downstream area of Central Java is categorized as a rapid development area that results in changes in land use and land cover. The findings showed that there was an increasing number of hydrometeorological disasters such as floods and landslides as the impact of land-use change and rainfall conditions.

Analysis of the relationship between rainfall and disaster events with more technical and specific analysis could be done in the further research.

In this study, more analysis in the context of river basin systems including upstream and downstream in different periods to examine the linkage between them have been considered and incorporated.

Java is a useful tool but with drawbacks. Now a company launched at the crest of the Java wave has announced its first products which look like being Java's Next Big Step. Marimba (http://www.marimba.com) was founded in February this year by four members of the original Java development team at Sun Microsystems: Kim Polese, Arthur van Hoff, Jonathan Payne and Sami Shaio. The first fruits of this new company are Castanet and Bongo.”

The purpose of this study is to simultaneously examine the role of microfinance from the business and social lenses by using the creating shared value (CSV) framework by Porter and Kramer (2011) in the context of Indonesia.

A survey among more than 170,000 borrowers of two specific credit schemes by PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia Tbk., the largest microfinance provider in Indonesia, was conducted to understand the perceptions of borrowers on the benefits of microcredit under the CSV framework.

The result confirms that, overall, the debtors acknowledged the importance of the loans in various aspects of CSV. The highest levels of importance were recorded in the case of stimulating the increase of business revenue growth, business productivity and fulfilling the needs of consumers. Disaggregating the results based on respondents’ demographic characteristics, it is shown that the findings in both credit schemes have a relatively similar pattern in terms of origin, business sectors and the borrowing purpose from.

There have been limited studies that examine the impact of microfinance from both the business and social perspectives. Most studies only use one of these. Implementing the CSV framework allows the authors to fill in the gap and understand how microfinance provides business and social benefits.

A Web‐based multi‐user system has been developed to remotely execute a large size software package via the Internet. The software implements a genetic algorithm to optimize the design of spur and helical gears. To accomplish this, a combination of HTML, Java servlets, Java applets, Java Script and HTTP protocol has been employed.

This paper aims to reveal the effect of organizational learning on market orientation, job satisfaction on market orientation, organizational learning on business innovation, job satisfaction on business innovation and market orientation on business innovation.

Research was designed to use quantitative approach to understand causal relationship of variables. partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to facilitate this approach. Questionnaire was given to 46 dairy cattle milk cooperatives in East Java, Indonesia.

Research findings are explained as follows: both high organizational learning and high job satisfaction can produce high market orientation, organizational learning reduces business innovation, job satisfaction increases business innovation and market orientation reduces business innovation of dairy cattle milk cooperatives in East Java, but this reduction is not statistically significant.

This research has identified that business innovation is affected by job satisfaction, while market orientation is affected by organizational learning and job satisfaction. Next research shall be conducted on another business type or business group but in greater population.

It is expected that the results of this research will provide guidance for dairy cattle milk cooperatives in East Java concerning with how to improve market orientation and business innovation based on organizational learning and job satisfaction.

This research has determined factors that affect market orientation and examined its impact on business innovation after observing the aspects of organizational learning and job satisfaction.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the technical efficiency (TE) of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) and its determinants in the Indonesian manufacturing sector covering comprehensive subsectors.

This research uses the data from the micro and small industry survey sourced from the Indonesian Bureau of Central Statistics for the period 2010–2015. The TE is estimated using data envelopment analysis (DEA) with bootstrapping approach. The TE is also estimated at the firm-level survey data, classified at the five-digit level of the International Standard Industrial Classification system. In addition, a truncated regression model is applied to estimate the effects of the determinants on the TE.

This research finds that there is a low average TE of the MSEs for the subsectors investigated. It is also found that the TE is associated with firm size, location, export orientations on domestic and world markets, firm age, level of technology, and owner education.

The literature investigating the TE of the MSEs and its determinants is still rare in Indonesia. Most of the previous research limited the studies for specific subsectors and/or specific small regions. Therefore, this research has a contribution in measuring the TE of the MSEs for comprehensive subsectors as well as its relation with the determinants in the Indonesian manufacturing sector. Also, the DEA with bootstrapping approach is applied to estimate the TE of the firms based on each relevant subsector, which is rare in the previous research of the Indonesian MSEs.

This paper aims to explore textual patterns in ten years of electronic word-of-mouth communications amongst social media (SM) users of the Java Jazz Festival.

This study uses a data-scraping technique to gather user-generated content from Twitter. Word-cloud and word-frequency analysis, along with descriptive coding and pattern matching, are used to categorise the initial findings. Trends and differences in terms of the number of tweets over a ten-year period were examined using analysis of variance and seasonality analysis.

From more than 1.3 million Twitter tweets between 2008 and 2018, this study identified six initial themes. Quantitative analysis revealed that the number of tweets differed significantly in the four quarters of the ten-year period.

The results of this study contrast with the claim that digital media communication generally occurs before a festival begins and are least during the festival. Nevertheless, this study supports the notion that SM interaction results in positive consequences, drives conversations amongst users and increases engagement.

This study offers five practical implications for music festival organisers and related entities.

To the best of the author’s knowledge, this study is the first to provide a systematic and practical data mining and interpretation approach from Twitter within a ten-year period in the Asia Pacific context, through the case of the Java Jazz Festival.

研究目的 – 本论文旨在分析十年来Java爵士音乐节的社交媒体用户发布的文字模式，从而探索其网络口碑效应。

本论文使用网络爬虫技术，从Titter上面搜集用户产生的文本数据。本论文采用文字云和词频分析法，以及描述性编码和模型匹配等方式，来对初步结果进行归类。本论文使用ANOVA和季节性分析的方法对tweets十年中的变化和趋势进行分析检验。

本论文通过对在2008年至2018年的超过130万tweets进行分析，初步指出了六大主题。定量分析结果表明十年内四个季节中的tweets数量相差甚大。

本论文结果总体上与传统上认为的电子媒体沟通发生在节庆之前或者至少在节庆发生中的论断相左。本论文结果支持论断：社交媒体互动产生积极的影响，带动用户之间的对话，以及参与度。

本论文是首篇文章，以Java爵士音乐节为例，针对亚太地区十年间Twitter数据进行系统和实际数据挖掘和解读。

This study aims to examine comprehensively the factors determining the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) producing Indonesian special food in East Java.

This study is quantitative and qualitative. Primary data was collected from entrepreneurs in East Java, those producing Indonesian special food. Secondary data was obtained from the literature, literature study, journals, Central Bureau of Statistics and the office of industry, trade, cooperatives and SMEs in East Java. Areas selected for this study were Surabaya, Madiun, Malang, Pasuruan, Lamongan and Banyuwangi. The population was small and medium entrepreneurs producing Indonesian special food in the selected cities. Based on the PLS sampling rule, the number of samples in each research area was 50, with total of 300 respondents (50 × 6). The methods of collecting primary data were interviews and questionnaire. Data analysis was done using GSCA.

The study firstly found the significant influence of entrepreneurial orientation on business strategies of SMEs producing Indonesian special food in East Java. SME managers have a high entrepreneurial orientation. Secondly, it found a significant influence of entrepreneurial orientation on business performance of SMEs producing Indonesian special food in East Java. Thirdly, the study found that government policy is not a moderating variable. Additionally, business strategies have a significant influence on the performance of SMEs producing Indonesian special food in East Java. Finally, dynamics of the environment and business strategy have a significant influence on the performance of manufacturing industry in South Sulawesi.

To know the effect of entrepreneurial orientation, environmental dynamism, consisting of uncertainty of environment and intensity of competition, and business strategies toward business performance. Considering the findings of the previous studies, the authors would like to re-examine the effect of entrepreneurial orientation on business performance, which also compares the findings of previous studies, especially, the one by Lee and Tsang (2003) on SMEs in Singapore.

To advance Java programming educations, the authors have developed a Web-based Java programming learning assistant system (JPLAS). It offers the element fill-in-blank problem (EFP) for novice students to study Java grammar and basic programming skills by filling in the missing elements in a source code. An EFP instance can be generated by selecting an appropriate code, and applying the blank element selection algorithm. As it is expected to cover broad grammar topics, a number of EFP instances have been generated. This paper aims to propose a recommendation function to guide a student solving the proper EFP instances among them.

This function considers the difficulty level of the EFP instance and the grammar topics that have been correctly answered by the student, and is implemented at the offline answering function of JPLAS using JavaScript so that students can use it even without the Internet connections.

To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposal, 85 EFP instances are prepared to cover various grammar topics, and are assigned to a total of 92 students in two universities in Myanmar and Indonesia to solve them using the recommendation function. Their solution results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposal.

The concept of the difficulty level for an EFP instance is newly defined for the proper recommendation, and the accuracy in terms of the average numbers of answer submission times among the students is verified.

Prior research on technology standardization has focused on two common patterns: processes in which product developers and other stakeholders cooperate to achieve a consensus outcome, and “standards wars” in which competing technologies vie for dominance in the market. This study examines Microsoft's responses to 12 software technologies in the period between 1990 and 2005. Despite the company's reputed tendency to pursue a strategy dubbed “embrace, extend, and extinguish,” a content analysis of news articles from the same period reveals surprising diversity in Microsoft's responses at the product level.

We classify these responses using a typology that treats “embrace” and “extend” as orthogonal decisions faced by product development organizations. This typology allows four kinds of outcomes to be distinguished, including two kinds of partial compatibility in addition to the familiar cases of full compatibility and incompatibility. To complement this cross-sectional perspective, we examine more closely the evolution of Microsoft's strategy with respect to Sun's Java technology. This longitudinal view highlights another underappreciated aspect of standardization, namely the extent to which a firm's strategic posture toward a standard can change over time, even within the same product family.

Based on this evidence, we suggest that firms tend to publicly embrace a standard with the aim of gaining legitimacy with a community of adopters, whereas efforts to extend a standard tend to be motivated by the intent to leverage the underlying technology to achieve or strengthen architectural control. We argue that legitimacy and leverage are strategic complements, making the “embrace and extend” strategy attractive to firms like Microsoft, but that the resulting outcome is unstable. Firms that pursue this strategy ultimately face a choice between contributing their extensions back to the standard and losing proprietary leverage, or giving up the legitimacy associated with standards compliance in exchange for freedom from the constraints of compatibility.