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The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effect of design awareness on consumers’ purchase intention.

The experiment consisted of showing a new beer package design to 185 participants who evaluated it using a self‐administered questionnaire.

Using an Item Response Theory approach, results show that there are two dimensions of consumer design awareness: basic design and differential design. These findings are, to some extent, consistent with the theoretical discussion within design literature. Moreover, a multiple regression model estimates the effect of both dimensions on consumers’ purchase intention, and the paper concludes that both dimensions have a similar effect (p<0.05). The sign of the effects are consistent with the theoretical discussion.

The design of new products must consider attributes associated to the basic and practical use of a product as well as those attributes that mark a comparative difference in the product category.

This paper conceptually and empirically combines two different areas of knowledge (design and consumer behavior) under the design awareness construct. This concept evaluates consumers’ perceptions about new products, facilitating more accurate decisions in cases of innovation.

Grounded in two primary theories such as (1) the triangular alignment model and (2) the technology–organization–environment framework, this paper aims to develop appropriate scales to measure the e-sourcing experience index (EEI).

The sample includes a total of 630 e-sourcing platform users in the US and India who have already utilized e-commerce platforms. Item response theory and factor analysis were used for the psychometric analysis. Measurement invariance was established between the Indian and US participants, indicating similar conceptualization of the items across the two cultures.

The study's results demonstrated that users have a better experience when online sourcing platforms provide adequate resources for making sourcing decisions, finding potential buyers and managing sourcing activities more efficiently. From the perspective of e-sourcing platforms, suppliers' performance and users' experiences can be improved when businesses address the concerns indicated in the five factors.

The study's objective was to develop the EEI in order to assess suppliers' experiences with e-sourcing platforms. Due to the diffusion of innovation theory (DOI), different stages of adaptation may cause varied experiences and relationships with buyers.

From a theoretical perspective, this study is one of the few to combine triangular alignment model (TAM) and technology–organization–environment (TOE) theories and to develop a reliable and valid scale (EEI) for user experiences with online sourcing platforms. Based on the previous scales, the EEI was found to be well in line with the established theories on traditional apparel sourcing, and, at the same time, considered the particulars of e-sourcing practices.

Several research studies on Lean Six Sigma (LSS) have been done using the survey methodology. However, the use of surveys often relies on the measurement of variables, which cannot be directly observed, with attendant measurement errors. The purpose of this study is to develop a methodological framework consisting of a combination of four tools for identifying and assessing measurement error during survey research.

This paper evaluated the viability of the framework through an experimental study on the assessment of project management success in a developing country environment. The research design combined a control group, pretest and post-test measurements with structural equation modeling that enabled the assessment of differences between honest and fake survey responses. This paper tested for common method variance (CMV) using the chi-square test for the difference between unconstrained and fully constrained models.

The CMV results confirmed that there was significant shared variance among the different measures allowing us to distinguish between trait and faking responses and ascertain how much of the observed process measurement is because of measurement system variation as opposed to variation arising from the study’s constructs.

The study was conducted in one country, and hence, the results may not be generalizable.

Measurement error during survey research, if not properly addressed, can lead to incorrect conclusions that can harm theory development. It can also lead to inappropriate recommendations for practicing managers. This study provides findings from a framework developed and assessed in a LSS project environment for identifying faking responses. This paper provides a robust framework consisting of four tools that provide guidelines on distinguishing between fake and trait responses. This tool should be of great value to researchers.

Measures are comparable if and only if measurement equivalence has been demonstrated. Although comparability and equivalence of measures are sometimes used interchangeably, we advocate a subtle but important difference in meaning. Comparability implies that measures from one group can be compared with measures from another group. It is a property of the measures, which is given or not. In particular, comparability presumes valid measures within each group compared. Measurement equivalence, by contrast, refers to the way measures are derived and estimated. It is intrinsically tied to the underlying theory of measurement. Thus, measurement equivalence cannot be dealt with in isolation. Its assessment has to be incorporated into the theoretical framework of measurement. Measurement equivalence is closely connected to construct validity for it refers to the way manifest indicators are related to the latent variable, within a particular culture and across different cultures. From this it follows that equivalence cannot, or should not, be treated as a separate issue but as a constitutive element of validity. A discussion of measurement equivalence without addressing validity would be incomplete.

This study examined psychometric properties of the ten-item Connor–Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC-10) among university undergraduate students in Vietnam.

The study followed a cross-sectional design using a sample of 414 students from multiple universities in Southern Vietnam. Three bilingual experts back-translated the provided scale to verify its content. Factor analyses were used to explore and confirm the scale structure, and item response theory (IRT) model for polytomous responses was selected to further examine individual items and the entire scale.

Factor analyses confirmed a single-dimensional structure of the CD-RISC-10. IRT analysis demonstrated that individual items and the entire scale reliably measured resilience. However, probabilities to endorse the lowest category were particularly low for most of the items, suggesting a potential to modify the number of the response categories. The overall results indicated that the CD-RISC-10 in Vietnamese was a reliable and accurate tool to measure a range of university students' resilience levels.

Convenience sampling method, the use of self-reported survey and the inclusion of only university students were limitations of the study. However, using IRT to thoroughly examine the CD-RISC-10 was an important contribution to the work of validating research instruments.

The CD-RISC-10 could be a valid, reliable and convenient assessment tool for school psychologists and psychiatrists to use in trainings, counseling services or resilience intervention programs.

While many studies have investigated psychometric properties of the CD-RISC-10 in other languages, none has been conducted in Vietnamese.

Attachment theory is emerging as an important theoretical foundation in marketing because of the relational nature of consumption, but little guidance exists as to which of many attachment style measures is most suitable for use by researchers. As a result, many measures are being used with little justification, and frequently, these scales are being adapted due to poor measurement fit, length or wording unrelated to the focal attachment figure. This paper aims to evaluate seven existing attachment style measures and provides recommendations regarding which measure is the most suitable for assessing the impact of chronic attachment styles on marketing outcomes.

A literature review identified seven measures of attachment style for analysis. Two studies examine the psychometric properties, susceptibility to response bias and predictive validity of the seven measures (Study 1n = 325 and Study 2n = 205).

Among the seven scales evaluated, the Johnson et al. (2012) [Johnson, Whelan, and Thomson (JWT)] measure exhibited the best psychometric properties and predictive validity for general (i.e. not relationship-specific) attachment styles. In addition, two relationship-specific measures, also with strong psychometric properties, were better able to capture their respective relationships or relationship types than general attachment styles, as expected.

This research provides guidance to researchers on which measure to use when examining the impact of attachment style in marketing.

This research provides marketing researchers guidance on which measure to use when examining the impact of general attachment styles. Because the JWT scale is brief, psychometrically sound and demonstrates strong predictive validity, it can be used for academic and managerial purposes. The authors also confirm previous research suggesting that relationship-specific measures of attachment style may act differently than general interpersonal attachment style measures and vary in their ability to predict marketing outcomes.

This research is the first to provide guidance regarding which measure of attachment style to use in marketing and consumer research. This research can serve as a reference point for future researchers in selecting measures of attachment style and may allow for convergence on a narrow set of measures to advance research in marketing.

For many of the current leadership theories, models, and approaches, the answer to the question posed in the title, “Is leadership more than ‘I like my boss’?,” is “no,” as there appears to be a hierarchy of leadership concepts with Liking of the leader as the primary dimension or general factor foundation. There are then secondary dimensions or specific sub-factors of liking of Relationship Leadership and Task Leadership; and subsequently, tertiary dimensions or actual sub-sub-factors that comprise the numerous leadership views as well as their operationalizations (e.g., via surveys). There are, however, some leadership views that go beyond simply liking of the leader and liking of relationship leadership and task leadership. For these, which involve explicit levels of analysis formulations, often beyond the leader, or are multi-level in nature, the answer to the title question is “yes.” We clarify and discuss these various “no” and “yes” leadership views and implications of our work for future research and personnel and human resources management practice.

The purpose of this study is to propose a new item response theory-based model to facilitate brand equity comparison among brands in different product categories. Brand equity has been defined as the value a brand adds upon a product. This definition provides the theoretical basis for comparing brands across product categories. Researchers have measured brand equity from three major approaches: finance, economics and psychology. Unlike the first two approaches that have developed methods to facilitate cross-product-category brand equity comparison, no methodology has been identified in the psychology approach (consumer-based brand equity, CBBE), and this study will fill this gap.

We used survey method and collected data from both soft drink and car product categories to empirically demonstrate our method.

A new item response theory-based model to facilitate brand equity comparison among brands in different product categories is proposed.

Considering consumers are the most widely considered stakeholder group in the existing brand equity literature, the lack of cross-product category research in consumer-based brand equity (CBBE) area constrains the use of CBBE for firms managing multiple brands across product categories. This proposed model is the first one to address this limitation.

This study aims to evaluate the suitability of emergency remote education (ERE) during the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequently during the return to in-person education (IPE), investigating aspects of perceived quality differences in these transitions that may have impacted the students’ learning process.

This study applied a 41-item instrument to undergraduate students in higher education institutions (HEIs) in Brazil. For the suitability group, 493 responses were collected, and for the return to IPE group, 187 responses were collected. Three calibration approaches were performed using item response theory, with the first two adjusting data independently, and the third one involving a multigroup estimation.

During ERE, students perceived an increase in course offerings, better organization of classes and more study materials. However, the larger volume of content posed challenges in class monitoring, content comprehension and concentration. Upon returning to IPE, students noticed more organized assessments and activities. They found favorable test environments and collaborative tasks with peers, but they experienced difficulties in accessing professors and with class/content organization.

By identifying the most suitable items for both teaching formats, HEIs can enhance teaching practices that are more satisfactory from the students’ perspective.

This study provides an item ranking procedure inspired by differential item functioning and differential test functioning statistics. In an atypical situation, the item ranking procedure demonstrated its ability to generate useful information for identifying and quantifying the longitudinal effects of perceived quality on students.