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Article
Publication date: 9 June 2022

Rajini V. and Margaret Amutha W.

The purpose of this paper is to carry out a detailed analysis of two port converter fed by Solar and wind sources during different operational modes by small signal modelling. The…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to carry out a detailed analysis of two port converter fed by Solar and wind sources during different operational modes by small signal modelling. The converter is fully characterized and simulated using Matlab/Simulink. The voltage and current waveforms along with their corresponding expressions describing the converter operation are presented in detail. Then the DC-averaged equivalent topology is derived using circuit averaging technique. A complete derivation of the power stage transfer functions relevant to the capacitor voltage loop, such as capacitor voltage to solar voltage and inductor current to wind input voltage is obtained.

Design/methodology/approach

Stability analysis is used to analyze the small deviations around the steady-state operating point which helps in modeling the closed loop converter parameters. This paper presents the analysis, modeling and control of two port Cuk-buck converter topology.

Findings

Based on the results, a control strategy is designed to manage the energy flow within the system. A lab-level prototype for Cuk-buck converter with PWM controller is implemented and tested under various input conditions to study the performance of the converter during seasonal changes. The simulation and experimental results showed that effective operation and control strategy of the hybrid power supply system managed to be achieved alongside its feasible outputs.

Practical implications

This analysis can be extended to all power electronic converters and will be useful for the design of controllers.

Social implications

An appropriate control design plays a key role in enhancing the overall performance of the system. Hence, this paper is intended to present in detail the small signal modeling of the Cuk-buck converter along with the control design for all the switching modes.

Originality/value

Though this type of converter topology has been discussed widely in literature, very scarce literature is available related to modeling and control design of the converter. A state-space averaging model of the converter followed by a type-II compensator design is described, and prototype design and experimental results are also presented.

Article
Publication date: 7 March 2023

Nour Mohammad Murad, Antonio Jaomiary, Samar Yazdani, Fayrouz Haddad, Mathieu Guerin, George Chan, Wenceslas Rahajandraibe and Sahbi Baccar

This paper aims to develop high-pass (HP) negative group delay (NGD) investigation based on three-port lumped circuit. The main particularity of the proposed three-port passive…

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to develop high-pass (HP) negative group delay (NGD) investigation based on three-port lumped circuit. The main particularity of the proposed three-port passive topology is the consideration of only a single circuit element represented by a capacitor.

Design/methodology/approach

The methodology of the paper is to consider the S-matrix equivalent model derived from admittance matrix approach. So, an S-matrix equivalent model of a three-port circuit topology is established from admittance matrix approach. The frequency-dependent basic expressions are explored to perform the HP-NGD analysis. Then, the existence condition of HP-NGD function type is analytically demonstrated. The specific characteristics and synthesis equations of HP-NGD circuit with respect to the desired optimal NGD value are established.

Findings

After computing the frequency expressions to perform the HP-NGD analysis, this study demonstrated the existence condition of HP-NGD function type analytically. The validity of the HP-NGD theory is verified by a prototype of three-port circuit. The proof-of-concept (POC) single capacitor three-port circuit presents an NGD response and characteristics from analytical calculation and simulation is in very good correlation.

Originality/value

An innovative theory of HP-NGD three-port circuit is studied. The proposed HP-NGD topology is constituted by only a single capacitor. After the topological description, the S-matrix model is established from the Y-matrix by means of Kirchhoff voltage law and Kirchhoff current law equations. A POC of single capacitor three-port circuit was designed and simulated with a commercial tool. Then, a prototype with a surface-mounted device component was fabricated and tested. As expected, simulation and measurement results in very good agreement with the calculated model show the feasibility of the HP-NGD behavior. This work is compared to other NGD-type function with diverse number of ports and components.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering , vol. 42 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 13 December 2022

Xuebing Su, Yang Wang, Xiangliang Jin, Hongjiao Yang, Yuye Zhang, Shuaikang Yang and Bo Yu

As it is known, the electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection design of integrated circuit is very important, among which the silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) is one of the most…

Abstract

Purpose

As it is known, the electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection design of integrated circuit is very important, among which the silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) is one of the most commonly used ESD protection devices. However, the traditional SCR has the disadvantages of too high trigger voltage, too low holding voltage after the snapback and longer turn-on time. The purpose of this paper is to design a high-performance SCR in accordance with the design window under 0.25 µm process, and provide a new scheme for SCR design to reduce the trigger voltage, improve the holding voltage and reduce the turn-on time.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the traditional SCR, an RC-INV trigger circuit is introduced. Through theoretical analysis, TCAD simulation and tape-out verification, it is shown that RC-INV triggering SCR can reduce the trigger voltage, increase the holding voltage and reduce the turn-on time of the device on the premise of maintaining good robustness.

Findings

The RC-INV triggering SCR has great performance, and the test shows that the transmission line pulse curve with almost no snapback can be obtained. Compared with the traditional SCR, the trigger voltage decreased from 32.39 to 16.24 V, the holding voltage increased from 3.12 to 14.18 V and the turn-on time decreased from 29.6 to 16.6 ns, decreasing by 43.9% the level of human body model reached 18 kV+.

Originality/value

Under 0.25 µm BCD process, this study propose a high-performance RC-INV triggering SCR ESD protection device. The work presented in this paper has a certain guiding significance for the design of SCR ESD protection devices.

Details

Microelectronics International, vol. 41 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 21 April 2022

Zuanbo Zhou, Wenxin Yu, Junnian Wang, Yanming Zhao and Meiting Liu

With the development of integrated circuit and communication technology, digital secure communication has become a research hotspot. This paper aims to design a five-dimensional…

Abstract

Purpose

With the development of integrated circuit and communication technology, digital secure communication has become a research hotspot. This paper aims to design a five-dimensional fractional-order chaotic secure communication circuit with sliding mode synchronous based on microcontroller (MCU).

Design/methodology/approach

First, a five-dimensional fractional-order chaotic system for encryption is constructed. The approximate numerical solution of fractional-order chaotic system is calculated by Adomian decomposition method, and the phase diagram is obtained. Then, combined with the complexity and 0–1 test algorithm, the parameters of fractional-order chaotic system for encryption are selected. In addition, a sliding mode controller based on the new reaching law is constructed, and its stability is proved. The chaotic system can be synchronized in a short time by using sliding mode control synchronization.

Findings

The electronic circuit is implemented to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the designed scheme.

Originality/value

It is feasible to realize fractional-order chaotic secure communication using MCU, and further reducing the synchronization error is the focus of future work.

Details

Circuit World, vol. 49 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-6120

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 7 February 2022

Yavar Safaei Mehrabani, Mojtaba Maleknejad, Danial Rostami and HamidReza Uoosefian

Full adder cells are building blocks of arithmetic circuits and affect the performance of the entire digital system. The purpose of this study is to provide a low-power and…

42

Abstract

Purpose

Full adder cells are building blocks of arithmetic circuits and affect the performance of the entire digital system. The purpose of this study is to provide a low-power and high-performance full adder cell.

Design/methodology/approach

Approximate computing is a novel paradigm that is used to design low-power and high-performance circuits. In this paper, a novel 1-bit approximate full adder cell is presented using the combination of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor, transmission gate and pass transistor logic styles.

Findings

Simulation results confirm the superiority of the proposed design in terms of power consumption and power–delay product (PDP) criteria compared to state-of-the-art circuits. Also, the proposed full adder cell is applied in an 8-bit ripple carry adder to accomplish image processing applications including image blending, motion detection and edge detection. The results confirm that the proposed cell has premier compromise and outperforms its counterparts.

Originality/value

The proposed cell consists of only 11 transistors and decreases the switching activity remarkably. Therefore, it is a low-power and low-PDP cell.

Details

Circuit World, vol. 49 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-6120

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 12 July 2023

Mehrdad Moradnezhad and Hossein Miar Naimi

This paper aims to find a closed-form expression for the frequency and amplitude of single-ended ring oscillators when transistors experience all regions.

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to find a closed-form expression for the frequency and amplitude of single-ended ring oscillators when transistors experience all regions.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, the analytical relationships presented for ring oscillator amplitude and frequency are approximately derived due to the nonlinear nature of this oscillator, taking into account the differential equation that governs the ring oscillator and its output waveform.

Findings

In the case where the transistors experience the cut-off region, the relationships presented so far have no connection between the frequency and the dimensions of the transistor, which is not valid in practice. The relationship is presented for the frequency, including the dimensions of the transistor. Also, a simple and approximately accurate relationship for the oscillator amplitude is provided in this case.

Originality/value

The validity of these relationships has been investigated by analyzing and simulating a single-ended oscillator in 0.18 µm technology.

Details

COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering , vol. 42 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 22 December 2023

Vaclav Snasel, Tran Khanh Dang, Josef Kueng and Lingping Kong

This paper aims to review in-memory computing (IMC) for machine learning (ML) applications from history, architectures and options aspects. In this review, the authors investigate…

75

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to review in-memory computing (IMC) for machine learning (ML) applications from history, architectures and options aspects. In this review, the authors investigate different architectural aspects and collect and provide our comparative evaluations.

Design/methodology/approach

Collecting over 40 IMC papers related to hardware design and optimization techniques of recent years, then classify them into three optimization option categories: optimization through graphic processing unit (GPU), optimization through reduced precision and optimization through hardware accelerator. Then, the authors brief those techniques in aspects such as what kind of data set it applied, how it is designed and what is the contribution of this design.

Findings

ML algorithms are potent tools accommodated on IMC architecture. Although general-purpose hardware (central processing units and GPUs) can supply explicit solutions, their energy efficiencies have limitations because of their excessive flexibility support. On the other hand, hardware accelerators (field programmable gate arrays and application-specific integrated circuits) win on the energy efficiency aspect, but individual accelerator often adapts exclusively to ax single ML approach (family). From a long hardware evolution perspective, hardware/software collaboration heterogeneity design from hybrid platforms is an option for the researcher.

Originality/value

IMC’s optimization enables high-speed processing, increases performance and analyzes massive volumes of data in real-time. This work reviews IMC and its evolution. Then, the authors categorize three optimization paths for the IMC architecture to improve performance metrics.

Details

International Journal of Web Information Systems, vol. 20 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1744-0084

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 24 August 2023

Raghavendra Rao N.S. and Chitra A.

The purpose of this study is to propose an extended reliability method for an industrial motor drive by integrating the physics of failure (PoF).

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to propose an extended reliability method for an industrial motor drive by integrating the physics of failure (PoF).

Design/methodology/approach

Industrial motor drive systems (IMDS) are currently expected to perform beyond the desired operating conditions to meet the demand. The PoF of the subsystem affects its reliability under such harsh operating circumstances. It is crucial to estimate reliability by integrating PoF, which helps in understanding its impact and to develop a fault-tolerant design, particularly in such an integrated drive system. An integrated PoF extended reliability method for industrial drive system is proposed to address this issue. In research, the numerical failure rate of each component of industrial drive is obtained first with the help of the MIL-HDBK-217 military handbook. Furthermore, the mathematically deduced proposed approach is modeled in the GoldSim Monte Carlo reliability workbench.

Findings

From the results, for a 15% rise in integrated PoF, the reliability and availability of the entire IMDS dropped by 23%, resulting in an impact on mean time to failure (MTTF).

Originality/value

The integrated PoF of the motor and motor controller affects industrial drive reliability, which falls to 0.18 with the least MTTF (2.27 years); whose overall reliability of industrial drive drops to 0.06 if it is additionally integrated with communication protocol.

Details

Circuit World, vol. 50 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-6120

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 6 October 2023

Omotayo Farai, Nicole Metje, Carl Anthony, Ali Sadeghioon and David Chapman

Wireless sensor networks (WSN), as a solution for buried water pipe monitoring, face a new set of challenges compared to traditional application for above-ground infrastructure…

Abstract

Purpose

Wireless sensor networks (WSN), as a solution for buried water pipe monitoring, face a new set of challenges compared to traditional application for above-ground infrastructure monitoring. One of the main challenges for underground WSN deployment is the limited range (less than 3 m) at which reliable wireless underground communication can be achieved using radio signal propagation through the soil. To overcome this challenge, the purpose of this paper is to investigate a new approach for wireless underground communication using acoustic signal propagation along a buried water pipe.

Design/methodology/approach

An acoustic communication system was developed based on the requirements of low cost (tens of pounds at most), low power supply capacity (in the order of 1 W-h) and miniature (centimetre scale) size for a wireless communication node. The developed system was further tested along a buried steel pipe in poorly graded SAND and a buried medium density polyethylene (MDPE) pipe in well graded SAND.

Findings

With predicted acoustic attenuation of 1.3 dB/m and 2.1 dB/m along the buried steel and MDPE pipes, respectively, reliable acoustic communication is possible up to 17 m for the buried steel pipe and 11 m for the buried MDPE pipe.

Research limitations/implications

Although an important first step, more research is needed to validate the acoustic communication system along a wider water distribution pipe network.

Originality/value

This paper shows the possibility of achieving reliable wireless underground communication along a buried water pipe (especially non-metallic material ones) using low-frequency acoustic propagation along the pipe wall.

Details

International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications, vol. 20 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1742-7371

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 16 January 2024

Hardik Bhadeshiya and Urvashi Prajapati

This chapter is focused on India's destination marketing strategies that promote religious tourism. It sheds light on the Government of India's initiatives to attract faithful…

Abstract

This chapter is focused on India's destination marketing strategies that promote religious tourism. It sheds light on the Government of India's initiatives to attract faithful tourists to sacred locations including holy temples and places of interest for spiritual pilgrims. The tourism business in India has gone through numerous phases of growth. This research reveals how the state government and central governments have stepped up their commitment to develop tourism, including religious tourism, on multiple fronts. It confirms that India can be rightly considered as the land of faith, as spirituality and religion are very prominent, as evidenced by its holy temples and landmarks, located in different regions of the subcontinent. In conclusion, it discusses about the challenges for the future, and elaborates on the opportunities related to promoting religious tourism to target faithful pilgrims and other visitors to “Incredible India.”

Details

Tourism Planning and Destination Marketing, 2nd Edition
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80455-888-1

Keywords

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