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1 – 10 of 905Summarizes some of the most commonly used gas sensors and describes howeach one works. Covers solid state gas sensors; aqueous electrochemicalgas sensors; paramagnetic gas…
Abstract
Summarizes some of the most commonly used gas sensors and describes how each one works. Covers solid state gas sensors; aqueous electrochemical gas sensors; paramagnetic gas sensors, photometric gas sensors; thermal conductivity gas sensors and fibre‐optic gas sensors.
Kyoung Cheon Cha, Minah Suh, Gusang Kwon, Seungeun Yang and Eun Ju Lee
The purpose of this paper is to determine the auditory-sensory characteristics of the digital pop music that is particularly successful on the YouTube website by measuring young…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine the auditory-sensory characteristics of the digital pop music that is particularly successful on the YouTube website by measuring young listeners’ brain responses to highly successful pop music noninvasively.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors conducted a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) experiment with 56 young adults (23 females; mean age 24 years) with normal vision and hearing and no record of neurological disease. The authors calculated total blood flow (TBF) and hemodynamic randomness and examined their relationships with online popularity.
Findings
The authors found that TBF to the right medial prefrontal cortex increased more when the young adults heard music that presented acoustic stimulation well above previously defined optimal sensory level. The hemodynamic randomness decreased significantly when the participants listened to music that provided near- or above-OSL stimulation.
Research limitations/implications
Online popularity, recorded as the number of daily hits, was significantly positively related with the TBF and negatively related with hemodynamic randomness.
Practical implications
These findings suggest that a new media marketing strategy may be required that can provide a sufficient level of sensory stimulation to Millennials in order to increase their engagements in various use cases including entertainment, advertising and retail environments.
Social implications
Digital technology has so drastically reduced the costs of sharing and disseminating information, including music, that consumers can now easily use digital platforms to access a wide selection of music at minimal cost. The structure of the current music market reflects the decentralized nature of the online distribution network such that artists from all over the world now have equal access to billions of members of the global music audience.
Originality/value
This study confirms the importance of understanding target customer’s sensory experiences would grow in determining the success of digital contents and marketing.
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Describes the basic optical concepts of infrared gas detection inrelation to industrial applications and considers the electro opticcomponents at the heart of the analyzers, the…
Abstract
Describes the basic optical concepts of infrared gas detection in relation to industrial applications and considers the electro optic components at the heart of the analyzers, the infrared detectors themselves. Discusses the choice of detectors for a given application and looks at the pros and cons of thermal detectors and quantum detectors. Notes the possible need to cool quantum detectors to improve their signal to noise and responsivity characteristics. Concludes with the possibility for custom configurations and lists the various application of infrared gas detection including uses in the transport industry, petrochemical industry and hospitals.
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Jinyi Li, Zhenhui Du, Zheyuan Zhang, Limei Song and Qinghua Guo
This paper aims to provide a sensor for fast, sensitive and selective ethylene (C2H4) concentration measurements.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to provide a sensor for fast, sensitive and selective ethylene (C2H4) concentration measurements.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper developed a sensor platform based on tunable laser absorption spectroscopy with a 3,266-nm interband cascade laser (ICL) as an optical source and a hollow waveguide (HWG) as a gas cell. The ICL wavelength was scanned across a C2H4 strong fundamental absorption band, and an interference-free C2H4 absorption line located at 3,060.76 cm−1 was selected. Wavelength modulation spectroscopy with the second harmonic detection (WMS-2f) technique was used to improve the sensitivity. Furthermore, the HWG gas cell can achieve a long optical path in a very small volume to improve the time response.
Findings
The results show excellent linearity of the measured 2f signal and the C2H4 concentration with a correlation coefficient of 0.9997. Also, the response time is as short as about 10 s. The Allan variance analysis indicates that the detection limit can achieve 53 ppb with an integration time of 24 s.
Practical implications
The ethylene sensor has many meaningful applications in environmental monitoring, industrial production, national security and the biomedicine field.
Originality/value
The paper provides a novel sensor architecture which can be a versatile sensor platform for fast and sensitive trace-gas detection in the mid-infrared region.
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Reports on CARBOCAP®, a new type of optical carbon dioxide sensor, which guarantees high accuracy. States that CARBOCAP® uses a micromachine electrically tuneable Fabry‐Perot…
Abstract
Reports on CARBOCAP®, a new type of optical carbon dioxide sensor, which guarantees high accuracy. States that CARBOCAP® uses a micromachine electrically tuneable Fabry‐Perot interferometer (FPI) as a filter, which guarantees the high accuracy and stability of a dual‐wavelength instrument, without the problems of mismated filters and detectors, or the wear and tear of a rotating filter.
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Mohammad Bagher Askari, Mohammad Reza Bahrampour, Vahid Mirzaei, Amir Khosro Beheshti Marnani and Mirhabibi Mohsen
The aim of this paper is to apply a watery infrared filter for silicon solar cell efficiency enhancement in Kerman province of Iran as a talent region for solar energy production.
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this paper is to apply a watery infrared filter for silicon solar cell efficiency enhancement in Kerman province of Iran as a talent region for solar energy production.
Design/methodology/approach
With this research, the water is applied as a filter for silicon solar cells in different volumes and thicknesses.
Findings
The obtained results showed that using various amounts of water could be a suitable choice for increasing the efficiency of silicon solar cells.
Originality/value
Other wavelength regions just cause the increase in the entropy and decrease in the efficiency. With this research, the water is applied as a filter for silicon solar cell in different volumes and thickness. The obtained results showed that using different thicknesses of water could be suitable choice for increasing the efficiency of silicon solar cell.
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The purpose of this paper is to acquaint a wide audience of readers with some of the unique remote sensing and navigation capabilities of animals.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to acquaint a wide audience of readers with some of the unique remote sensing and navigation capabilities of animals.
Design/methodology/approach
Biomimetic comparison of remote sensors evolved by animals and sensors designed by man. The study and comparison includes thermal infrared sensors used by snakes, echolocation used by bats and dolphins, and navigation methods used by birds. Countermeasures used by prey to avoid capture are also considered.
Findings
Some animals have remote sensing and navigation capabilities that are considerably more efficient than those provided by the human body or designed by man.
Practical implications
Sensor designers may be encouraged to use the biometic approach in the design of new sensors.
Social implications
The paper provides a better understanding of animal behaviour, especially their unique abilities to remotely sense, echolocate and navigate with high accuracy over considerable distances.
Originality/value
The paper presents a comparison of remote sensors used by animals with those developed by humans. Remote sensor designers can learn to improve their sensor designs by studying animal sensors within a biomimetic framework.
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The purpose of the paper is to discuss the chemical characterisation of inorganic and organic materials found in electronic systems.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the paper is to discuss the chemical characterisation of inorganic and organic materials found in electronic systems.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper provides an introduction to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, which is used for the chemical characterisation and analysis of materials. Examples from recent case studies are given to illustrate the work.
Findings
It was found that Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy can successfully identify materials at various stages of their lifecycle. By this means any contaminants and their resulting detrimental effects can be eliminated.
Originality/value
The paper demonstrates how the chemical analysis of a material is conducted, and what can be learned from the investigation.
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This article describes the background to the widespread application of infrared radiation as a curing technique for paints and coatings, from its origins in the 1930s to the…
Abstract
This article describes the background to the widespread application of infrared radiation as a curing technique for paints and coatings, from its origins in the 1930s to the present day. It explains the mechanism of infrared and elaborates on some of the developments which have been made in the technology, especially in terms of control and response. The benefits of infra‐red drying and curing are further illustrated by reference to case studies demonstrating infrared in action.
Fawzia Fahim Abdel‐Mohsen and Hassan Salah Aly Emira
This work aimed to prepare black transition metal oxide pigments to be used as solar absorbers in the solar selective and other industrial paints.
Abstract
Purpose
This work aimed to prepare black transition metal oxide pigments to be used as solar absorbers in the solar selective and other industrial paints.
Design/methodology/approach
Mixed metal oxide CoCuMnOx spinel pigments were synthesised via the sol‐gel route. These oxides, namely (I‐Co0.50Cu0.25Mn0.25)Ox, (II‐Co0.25Cu0.50Mn0.25)Ox and (III‐Co0.25Cu0.25Mn0.50)Ox, were prepared with different molar ratios and annealed at 600, 800 and 900°C, respectively. The prepared oxides were characterised by infrared spectrometer (IS), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM).
Findings
The prepared pigments have a spinel structure with the composition CoCuMnOx. All synthesised pigments consisted of nano particles ranged from 10 to 80 nm. The optical properties showed high absorption and moderately low reflectance in the solar wavelength range.
Research limitations/implications
The prepared samples, used in the present work, were synthesized from cobalt sulphate, copper chloride and manganese chloride. The salts were dispersed in polyacrylamide as a precursor.
Practical implications
The prepared samples were thermally stable and had good optical properties. They could be used as absorber materials in the painting of solar collectors.
Originality/value
These thermally stable mixed metal oxides could be used in the painting of solar collectors. The three mixed metal oxides could be used as absorber materials for heating solar collectors due to their high absorption and moderately low reflectance in the solar wavelength range.
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