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Article
Publication date: 19 January 2021

Economic slowdown, NPA crisis and productivity behavior of Indian banks

Anju Goswami and Rachita Gulati

This paper aims to investigate the productivity behavior of Indian banks in the presence of non-performing assets (NPAs) over the period 1999 to 2017. The study examines…

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the productivity behavior of Indian banks in the presence of non-performing assets (NPAs) over the period 1999 to 2017. The study examines whether Indian banks withstand the shocks of the global financial crisis (GFC) of 2007–2009 and sustain their total factor productivity (TFP) levels in the post-crisis economic turbulent period or not.

Design/methodology/approach

The robust estimates of TFP and its components: efficiency change and technical change are obtained using the state-of-the-art and innovative sequential Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index (SMLPI) approach. The key advantages of this approach are that it explicitly allows the joint production of undesirable output (NPAs in our case) along with desirable inputs and outputs in the production process and precludes the possibility of spurious technical regress.

Findings

The empirical results of the study reveal that the Indian banking system has experienced a (−1) percent TFP regress, contributed solely by efficiency loss during the period under investigation. The GFC has slowed down the growth trajectory of TFP growth in the Indian banking industry. Among ownership groups, the effect of the GFC was pronounced on the public sector banks.

Practical implications

The practical implication drawn from the study is that the Indian banks have not been able to successfully transmit the use of installed technology in a way to generate early warning signals and mitigate the risk of defaults so as to maximize their productivity gains in the banking industry.

Originality/value

This study is perhaps the first one to understand the productivity dynamics of the Indian banks in response to both endogenous (i.e. NPA crisis) and exogenous (i.e. global financial and economic stress) crises. Moreover, the authors obtain the robust estimates of TFP growth of Indian banks by explicitly accounting for NPAs as an undesirable output and equity as a quasi-fixed input in the bank production process.

Details

International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-01-2020-0010
ISSN: 1741-0401

Keywords

  • Total factor productivity
  • Non-performing assets
  • Crisis
  • Sequential Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index
  • Indian banks

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Article
Publication date: 7 December 2020

The current sustainability scenario of Industry 4.0 enabling technologies in Indian manufacturing industries

Bhaveshkumar Nandanram Pasi, Subhash K. Mahajan and Santosh B. Rane

The purposes of this research article are as follows: to explore the understanding of the Industry 4.0 (I4.0) concept among Indian manufacturing industries, to determine…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purposes of this research article are as follows: to explore the understanding of the Industry 4.0 (I4.0) concept among Indian manufacturing industries, to determine the motivating factors for I4.0 implementation, to identify I4.0 enabling technologies which are used by Indian manufacturing industries and assess their sustainability, to explore the impact of above identified enabling technologies on sustainability pillars, to determine how Indian manufacturing industries interpret the concept of I4.0 and to develop a road map for I4.0 implementation and sustainability.

Design/methodology/approach

To perform this research work, a dual research methodology was adopted. Questionnaires were sent to 16 Indian manufacturing industries, and expert interviews were conducted with seven experts who have been practicing the I4.0 concept since the last three years in their business. Also, a sustainability measurement tool was developed to measure the sustainability of the used I4.0 enabling technologies.

Findings

In this research article, it is found that smart sensors and robot arms have high sustainability, whereas cyber physical systems (CPSs) and big data analytics have low sustainability. During an expert interview, it has been found that adoption of the I4.0 concept in Indian manufacturing industries is creating job loss fear in employees. Also, it is found that Indian workers must be trained to adopt and sustain I4.0 enabling technologies.

Research limitations/implications

The sustainability of I4.0 enabling technologies in Indian manufacturing industries was indicated by analyzing responses received through questionnaires and expert interviews. There are other measures of sustainability which are beyond this study. Further studies are expected to fill the gap.

Practical implications

The authors have explored reasons for low sustainability of I4.0 enabling technologies in Indian manufacturing industries, suggested a road map for its implementation and sustainability and identified the relationship between different parameters (such as job loss, job creation, workers’ qualification and business profit) and I4.0 sustainability, therefore helping Indian organizations to develop sustainable manufacturing systems based on the I4.0 concept.

Originality/value

This research article gives an idea about sustainability of I4.0 enabling technologies in Indian manufacturing industries.

Details

International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-04-2020-0196
ISSN: 1741-0401

Keywords

  • Industry 4.0
  • Indian manufacturing industries
  • Cyber physical system
  • Big data analytics
  • Industry 4.0 enabling technologies
  • Sustainability

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Article
Publication date: 8 December 2020

“Behind the white curtain”: Indian students and researchers in Australia, 1901–1950

Amit Sarwal and David Lowe

Academic scholarship on the White Australia Policy (WAP) has highlighted the history of Asian migration, early perceptions and policy-making initiatives. Prominent…

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Abstract

Purpose

Academic scholarship on the White Australia Policy (WAP) has highlighted the history of Asian migration, early perceptions and policy-making initiatives. Prominent scholars have also pointed out the impact of the British Empire and WAP on Australia–India relations and early Indian migrants in Australia. Drawing on the debate concerning international students in Australia, our purpose in this article is to recover the role of Indian students in the story of Australian–Indian connections.

Design/methodology/approach

The article aims to highlight the reasons behind the involvement of the Australian government in the provision of scholarships and fellowships to Indian students and researchers at Australian universities during the period of WAP. To achieve this, it uses contemporary Australian newspaper reports to explore the popular representations of sponsored Indian students and researchers in Australia from 1901 to 1950.

Findings

The article concludes that the prevalence of this racially discriminatory immigration policy created a dissatisfaction among Indians, and some Australian sources of agitation, that helped chip away at the Australian government’s admission policies and the gradual demise of WAP.

Originality/value

This article contributes to the historiography and the effects of colonialism on Australian–Indian relations and debates on policy formation based on ideas of whiteness.

Details

History of Education Review, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/HER-07-2020-0044
ISSN: 0819-8691

Keywords

  • Whiteness
  • White Australia Policy
  • India
  • British subjects
  • Scholarships

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Article
Publication date: 9 December 2020

A study on key lean enablers of the coal mining sector using ISM, MICMAC and SEM

Sorokhaibam Khaba, Chandan Bhar and Ankita Ray

The purpose of this research is to identify and study the contextual relationships of the significant lean enablers in the Indian coal mining industry using the…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this research is to identify and study the contextual relationships of the significant lean enablers in the Indian coal mining industry using the application of interpretive structural modeling (ISM), matrice d' impacts croisés-multiplication appliquée á un classement (MICMAC) and structural equation modeling (SEM).

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, a conceptual model based on ISM was developed forming a hierarchy and contextual relationships of significant enablers for lean implementation in the Indian coal mining industry using a literature review and eliciting expert opinion, which is followed by MICMAC for grouping of enablers and questionnaire survey to validate the ISM based conceptual model using SEM.

Findings

The study modeled and analyzed ten significant enablers of lean implementation in the Indian coal mining industry. The findings suggest that the most important lean enablers in the Indian coal mining industry are employee empowerment, employee motivation and commitment, consistent financial performance measurement and management support.

Research limitations/implications

Judgmental sampling was used for selecting the respondents for conducting the questionnaire survey in this research work as there are a few numbers of coal mines implementing lean principles in India. Although the study was not restricted to a particular part of India with the sample representing the heterogeneous population, the study represents more data from the coal mines in eastern India.

Practical implications

The model on lean enablers would help the researchers, decision-makers and practitioners to anticipate potential lean enablers in the Indian coal mines and rank the enablers for improved and efficient usage of the available resources creating value to customers with lean and to sustenance academic research on lean.

Originality/value

Studies on lean enablers in the mining sector are scarce in the literature, and this study is a novel contribution of exploring lean enablers in the Indian coal mining industry using an integrated approach of ISM–MICMAC and SEM.

Details

The TQM Journal, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-04-2020-0069
ISSN: 1754-2731

Keywords

  • Lean enablers
  • Indian coal mining industry
  • Interpretive structural modeling (ISM)
  • Structural equation modeling (SEM)
  • MICMAC (matrice d' impacts croisés-multiplication appliquée á un classement)
  • Questionnaire survey

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Article
Publication date: 30 March 2010

Crisis management: a case study on racism

Manisha Shekhar and M Saxena

This article documents instances of racism that have previously acted as barriers to Indian students' academic success in Australia. It is felt that such incidents would…

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Abstract

This article documents instances of racism that have previously acted as barriers to Indian students' academic success in Australia. It is felt that such incidents would not have happened to students from, for example, China or Japan, as their governments would have taken more serious steps against the Australian government. There is a feeling in India that the Indian government can be seen as weak. Against this background, the article looks at potential reasons for racially motivated attacks against Indians in Australia, and at what can be done to reduce these, as well as both the Australian and Indian government responses to the particular instances reported.

Details

Ethnicity and Inequalities in Health and Social Care, vol. 3 no. 1
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5042/eihsc.2010.0147
ISSN: 1757-0980

Keywords

  • Racism
  • Indian students
  • Student security
  • Racist attacks
  • Australia

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Article
Publication date: 1 September 2003

Racial discrimination in the gaming industry

Aaron Cunningham and Brian H. Kleiner

Nevada and Atlantic City, New Jersey dominated the Gaming Industry until 1989. Since their inception, they have discriminated against minorities, especially African…

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Abstract

Nevada and Atlantic City, New Jersey dominated the Gaming Industry until 1989. Since their inception, they have discriminated against minorities, especially African Americans. Casinos even discriminate against people who seem to have better than average luck. These people are referred to as card counters or proficient players. In 1989, Indian Reservations around the United States started opening casinos on Indian Reservations even if the state where the Indian Reservation resided prohibited gambling. With these “new casinos” (referred to as Indian owned casinos) came new discriminations from the states in the United States and from the United States government. Currently, there are different rules for each type of casino. Indian owned casinos have very few laws or rules that they must follow. Non‐Indian owned casinos have state laws and gaming laws that they must follow in order to have a gaming licence.

Details

Equal Opportunities International, vol. 22 no. 6/7
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/02610150310787577
ISSN: 0261-0159

Keywords

  • African Americans
  • Native Americans
  • Discrimination in employment
  • Casinos
  • Racial prejudice
  • United States of America

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Article
Publication date: 22 November 2011

Extent of susceptibility to interpersonal influence and price sensitivity among Indian youth: is there a relationship between these two constructs?

Nitin Gupta

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the extent of susceptibility to interpersonal influence and price sensitivity prevalent among Indian youth, to test if there is a…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the extent of susceptibility to interpersonal influence and price sensitivity prevalent among Indian youth, to test if there is a relationship between these two constructs and identify the reason for the same.

Design/methodology/approach

In order to empirically test the given objectives, instruments to measure susceptibility to interpersonal influence as well as price sensitivity were developed by using inputs from the literature. Responses were elicited from a sample of Indian youth (between 16 to 25 years) residing in various Indian cities. Relevant statistical tools were used to analyze the data.

Findings

Indian youth showed high scores on their traditional consumer behavioral traits of susceptibility to interpersonal influence and price sensitivity. It was shown that susceptibility to interpersonal influence had a significant impact on the level of price sensitivity among Indian youth. Gender played a significant role in this relationship.

Practical implications

The results provide many interesting insights with respect to the consumer behavioral traits of Indian youth. These insights will enable managers to develop effective marketing‐mix strategies, which would cater to the requirements of the Indian youth population.

Originality/value

This is the only contemporary paper in the extant literature which measures the level of susceptibility to interpersonal influence and price sensitivity prevalent among Indian youth and which attempts to identify an empirical relationship among these important constructs.

Details

Young Consumers, vol. 12 no. 4
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/17473611111185904
ISSN: 1747-3616

Keywords

  • India
  • Youth
  • Consumer behaviour
  • Young consumers
  • Susceptibility to interpersonal influence
  • Price sensitivity
  • Collectivism‐individualism

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Article
Publication date: 28 October 2020

Rising powers or bitter frenemies? India-China relations in the 21st century?

Vinay Kaura

The main purpose of paper is to analyse the political, military and strategic significance of China’s rising power and its influence on Sino-Indian relations, while…

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Abstract

Purpose

The main purpose of paper is to analyse the political, military and strategic significance of China’s rising power and its influence on Sino-Indian relations, while addressing the question as to why India has not been able to develop a long-term, stable and friendly relationship with China.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper is structured as follows: historical overview of India-China relations; various tools of China’s policy in Indian sub-continent; and India’s response. The paper employs a qualitative analysis of secondary literature, with media reports, official documents and public statements providing important sources for understanding the dynamics underlying bilateral relationship.

Findings

India needs to be prepared to face challenges as China’s charm offensive in India’s neighbourhood is primarily aimed at establishing a new Asian order in which Beijing would play the leading role. As China institutionalizes its military presence in South Asia and the Indian Ocean, India should adopt an innovative response mechanism, also involving counter-presence in areas considered China’s traditional sphere of influence.

Originality/value

The primary value of the paper lies in the fact that it covers most of the key dimensions of bilateral ties that impair a stable relationship between India and China. A proper understanding of the dynamics underlying bilateral ties may help the policymakers, scholars and academics to suggest ways to reduce sources of tensions, while also helping the Indian Government to prepare effective countermeasures.

Details

Social Transformations in Chinese Societies, vol. 16 no. 2
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/STICS-05-2020-0016
ISSN: 1871-2673

Keywords

  • Sino-Indian relations
  • Xi Jinping

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Case study
Publication date: 27 November 2020

Crisis or opportunity: Marks and Spencer’s tryst with Indian retail

Arunima Rana and Ravi Shankar

The case is written using secondary data sources (namely, research documents, press information, journal articles and published interviews). Publicly declared company…

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Teaching notes available

Abstract

Research methodology

The case is written using secondary data sources (namely, research documents, press information, journal articles and published interviews). Publicly declared company information has further been leveraged to augment case facts. All information sources have been duly acknowledged in the reference section.

Case overview/synopsis

The case is written in the backdrop of COVID-19 pandemic and its effect on the Indian retail industry, revolving around scenarios in which a multinational retailer has to decide on its long- and short-term strategy in such an economic crisis. The case story has been developed around Marks and Spencer’s retail venture in the Indian market. With the COVID-19 pandemic impacting business at various levels, with countries moving to lock down and economies shrinking to recessionary levels, one of the worst affected sectors is retail. The teaching case builds upon Mark and Spencer’s initial decision of not entering and extending its food/grocery business in India. While it remained a dominant player in Indian fashion retail for almost two decades, it needs to re-think its decision of entering food retail owing to a pandemic situation affecting its offline sales/store footfall and increasing competition from global fashion brands such as Zara and H&M that had flooded the Indian fashion retail sector. The case provides a context for students to perform environmental factor and competitor analysis for a sector, with special focus on decision making in a changing crisis scenario.

Complexity academic level

This case could be used in undergraduate and MBA classroom programme, across subjects such as retail management, marketing management, international business, international business environment and strategic business management. This case fits while discussing topics such as business environmental factors, competitor analysis, decision-making under crisis, market entry decision, omnichannel retail strategy, consumer behaviour and brand management.

Details

The CASE Journal, vol. 16 no. 6
Type: Case Study
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/TCJ-06-2020-0073
ISSN:

Keywords

  • Retail management
  • COVID crisis

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Article
Publication date: 13 October 2020

Predicting Indian consumers' purchase intention from Western apparel brands

Swagata Chakraborty and Amrut Sadachar

The present study compared Indian consumers' attitude (AT) toward and purchase intention (PI) from Western apparel brands, as a function of their Western acculturation…

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Abstract

Purpose

The present study compared Indian consumers' attitude (AT) toward and purchase intention (PI) from Western apparel brands, as a function of their Western acculturation (WA), consumer ethnocentrism (CE) in apparel consumption, consumer cosmopolitanism (CC) and country of residence (India vs the USA).

Design/methodology/approach

The sample included Indians residing in India and the USA, who were 19 years or older, and visited online or brick-and-mortar apparel stores. An online survey was administered through Amazon Mechanical Turk to collect the data. The data was analyzed through multi-group structural equation modeling.

Findings

WA engenders CE among Indian consumers, especially among Indians residing in India. WA and CC positively influence AT. CE did not have a significant negative influence on AT. Although a high CE lowers the PI, a high WA, CC and positive AT can translate into high PI.

Research limitations/implications

The study did not use an experimental design. Therefore, causal relationships between the research variables could not be explained. Majority of the respondents were male. This might have confounded the findings with potential gendered effects.

Practical implications

Western apparel brands targeting Indian consumers in India and the USA should focus on projecting their cosmopolitan and pro-Indian image to target this population's cosmopolitan and ethnocentric outlook, thereby enhancing PI.

Originality/value

The study proposed and empirically tested a conceptual model indicating the relationship between some of the important predictors of Indian consumers' PI in the context of Indians residing in the USA and India.

Details

Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JFMM-02-2020-0017
ISSN: 1361-2026

Keywords

  • Acculturation
  • Ethnocentrism
  • Cosmopolitanism
  • Apparel consumption

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