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11 – 20 of over 7000Peng Wang, Lihong Dong, Haidou Wang, Guolu Li, Yuelan Di, Xiangyu Xie and Dong Huang
The skin and skeleton of aircraft are connected by adhesives or rivets to bear and transfer aerodynamic load. It is easy for crack and fracture damage to occur under the action of…
Abstract
Purpose
The skin and skeleton of aircraft are connected by adhesives or rivets to bear and transfer aerodynamic load. It is easy for crack and fracture damage to occur under the action of cyclic load, thus reducing aircraft bearing capacity/integrity and causing serious security risks. Therefore, it is particularly important that passive wireless radio frequency identification (RFID) sensors be used for the health monitoring of aircraft skin in its whole life cycle. This paper aims to investigate the influence of miniaturization on the coupling effect between RFID tag sensors.
Design/methodology/approach
Two groups of crack sensing systems based on RFID tags were designed. Gain and mutual impedance of sensor tags were analyzed via mode analysis. The reliability of crack detection of both sensing systems was compared using a preset experimental scheme.
Findings
Miniaturized antennas can reduce edge influence and the coupling effect. Gain and mutual impedance decrease with the increase in distance between dual tags. Backscatter power shows a decreasing trend and threshold power to activate tags in reader antenna increases. Results show that the miniaturization of size is more suitable for the application of multiple sensors.
Originality/value
By comparing two groups of sensing systems, the consistency of crack detection sensitivity is better when small tags are placed in parallel, which provides a theoretical basis for the application of small, passive and densely distributed crack sensors in the future.
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Shih Chang Hsia, Szu-Hong Wang and Hung-Lieh Chen
This study aims to present a novel technique to localize the human position in a room, to manage people in a specified space.
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to present a novel technique to localize the human position in a room, to manage people in a specified space.
Design/methodology/approach
In this study, a real-time human sensing detection and smart lighting control was designed within a single silicon core. The chip has been successfully realized within 1.5 mm2 silicon area using TSMC 0.25 um process.
Findings
This chip can read the weak signal of pyroelectric infrared (PIR) sensor to find the position of human body in a dark room and then help control the smart lighting system for an intelligent surveillance system.
Originality/value
This chip presented the retriggering delay control to expand the LED lighting time infinitely to avoid lighting-off suddenly while users stay on a space. This function is very useful in a practical intelligent surveillance system that is mainly based on human detection to better reduce power dissipation and memory space.
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Na Zhou, Alice Chang-Richards, Kevin I-Kai Wang and Kim Natasha Dirks
This study aims to develop an architectural prototype of a Cyber-Physical System (CPS), as well as lay a technological foundation for future smart housing with improved health and…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to develop an architectural prototype of a Cyber-Physical System (CPS), as well as lay a technological foundation for future smart housing with improved health and well-being outcomes for its occupants.
Design/methodology/approach
This study deploys smart sensors to monitor the key environmental parameters of a house. Using Internet of Things technology, a prototype of a CPS has been developed for capturing the environmental conditions over time. A case study involving a property in New Zealand was undertaken to validate the prototype.
Findings
The study proposes a monitoring platform, enabled by the CPS and smart sensing devices, that collects, shares, stores, analyses and visualises indoor environment data. The reliability and accuracy of the monitoring system were enhanced by comparing the activity of house occupants with sensor data.
Research limitations/implications
Due to limited time, the prototype was tested in one house for a period of one month. Air quality was not considered in this study. However, the work suggests that such an approach provides an effective solution for government organisations and housing agencies to collect information for the purpose of assessing building thermal performance.
Originality/value
This research proposes a new lens consisting of a home environment monitoring application with health and well-being implications. It could also be used to inform the future design of healthy homes and buildings, both in New Zealand and internationally.
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Xianghong Fan, Yuting He and Tao Chen
Flexible eddy current array (FECA) sensor is flexible and light in weight, which has broad application prospects in structural health monitoring. But, the sensor’s sensing channel…
Abstract
Purpose
Flexible eddy current array (FECA) sensor is flexible and light in weight, which has broad application prospects in structural health monitoring. But, the sensor’s sensing channel number is more, increasing the added mass of sensor networks. This paper aims to reduce the sensing channel number by changing the sensing coil layout.
Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, FECA sensors with series sensing coil (SSC) layout and interactive sensing coil (ISC) layout are proposed, which reduce the number of sensor’s channels by half. Then, the variation of the output signal of the sensor when the crack expands along both sides of the hole is analyzed by simulation model. Finally, the fatigue crack monitoring experiment is carried out.
Findings
For the SSC layout, the simulation results show that the amplitude of each SSC group of the sensor increases when the crack propagates to the left or right. For the ISC layout, when the crack propagates on the right side of bolt hole, the induced voltage of each ISC group decreases. When the crack propagates on the left side of bolt hole, the induced voltage of each ISC group increases. The experiment results are consistent with simulation results, which verifies the correctness of simulation model. Compared with SSC layout, the ISC layout can judge the crack propagation direction. And the crack monitoring accuracy is 1 mm.
Originality/value
The research results provide a certain reference for reducing the number of sensor’s sensing channels. Results of the simulation and experiment show that the ISC layout can judge the crack propagation direction, and the crack monitoring accuracy is 1 mm.
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Abstract
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Jeffrey Boon Hui Yap, Karen Pei Han Lee and Chen Wang
High rate of accidents continue to plague the construction industry. The advancements in safety technologies can ameliorate construction health and safety (H&S). This paper aims…
Abstract
Purpose
High rate of accidents continue to plague the construction industry. The advancements in safety technologies can ameliorate construction health and safety (H&S). This paper aims to explore the use of emerging technologies as an effective solution for improving safety in construction projects.
Design/methodology/approach
Following a detailed literature review, a questionnaire survey was developed encompassing ten technologies for safety management and ten safety enablers using technologies in construction. A total of 133 responses were gathered from Malaysian construction practitioners. The collected quantitative data were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistical analyses to determine the meaningful relationships between the variables.
Findings
Findings revealed that the most effective emerging technologies for safety management are: building information modelling (BIM), wearable safety technologies and robotics and automation (R&A). The leading safety enablers are related to improve hazard identification, reinforce safety planning, enhance safety inspection, enhance safety monitoring and supervision and raise safety awareness.
Practical implications
Safety is immensely essential in transforming the construction industry into a robustly developed industry with high safety and quality standards. The adoption of safety technologies in construction projects can drive the industry towards the path of Construction 4.0.
Originality/value
The construction industry has historically been slow to adopt new technology. This study contributes to advancing the body of knowledge in the area of incorporating emerging technologies to further construction safety science and management in the context of the developing world. By taking cognisance of the pertinent emerging technologies for safety management and the safety enablers involved, construction safety can be enhanced using integrated technological solutions.
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Colin Todd and David Tong
New generation fire alarm systems are not altogether new in 1986. The British Fire Protection System Association (BFPSA) has had a Technical Working Group discussing them since…
Abstract
New generation fire alarm systems are not altogether new in 1986. The British Fire Protection System Association (BFPSA) has had a Technical Working Group discussing them since 1981, the first commercial system was launched in the UK four years ago and the number of available systems is now considerable (see list of systems and suppliers below). As yet, however, there are no definitive standards or codes of practice for their use, and this can make life difficult for the facilities manager who has to specify and operate an alarm system. He is likely to have little more than sales literature for information. To help rectify this situation this first article explains what a new generation system is, what advantages it has, and presents a costed example. A second article will offer advice on how to choose a system together with feedback from users who are already operating new generation equipment.
Sundararaman Krishnamoorthi and Benny Raphael
The aim of this paper is to synthesize knowledge related to performance evaluation of automated construction processes during the planning and execution phases through a…
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this paper is to synthesize knowledge related to performance evaluation of automated construction processes during the planning and execution phases through a theme-based literature classification. The primary research question that is addressed is “How to quantify the performance improvement in automated construction processes?”
Design/methodology/approach
A systematic literature review of papers on automated construction was conducted involving three stages-planning, conducting and reporting. In the planning stage, the purpose of the review is established through key research questions. Then, a four-step process is employed consisting of identification, screening, shortlisting and inclusion of papers. For reporting, observations were critically analysed and categorized according to themes.
Findings
The primary conclusion from this study is that the effectiveness of construction processes can only be benchmarked using realistic simulations. Simulations help to pinpoint the root causes of success or failure of projects that are either already completed or under execution. In automated construction, there are many complex interactions between humans and machines; therefore, detailed simulation models are needed for accurate predictions. One key requirement for simulation is the calibration of the models using real data from construction sites.
Research limitations/implications
This study is based on a review of 169 papers from a database of peer-reviewed journals, within a time span of 50 years.
Originality/value
Gap in research in the area of performance evaluation of automated construction is brought out. The importance of simulation models calibrated with on-site data within a methodology for performance evaluation is highlighted.
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Björn Asdecker and Vanessa Felch
This paper aims to show that current Industry 4.0 maturity models primarily focus on manufacturing processes. Until now, research has been lacking with regard to outbound…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to show that current Industry 4.0 maturity models primarily focus on manufacturing processes. Until now, research has been lacking with regard to outbound logistics, that is, the delivery process. This paper develops such a model.
Design/methodology/approach
Methodologically, this paper is grounded in design science research (DSR) and rigorously follows the model development guidelines presented by De Bruin et al. (2005). This work builds on current maturity models and original empirical research to populate and test the model.
Findings
The model appears to be applicable to describing the status quo of the digitization efforts in outbound logistics, developing a corporate vision for delivery logistics excellence and providing guidance on the development path.
Research limitations/implications
Thus far, the model has been applied only for a development stakeholder. For further validation, the authors are currently working on additional case studies to demonstrate the model’s applicability.
Practical implications
The developed model provides guidance for the digitization of an important value-adding activity in supply chain management: the delivery process.
Originality/value
To the authors’ knowledge, the proposed model is the first to explicitly consider the delivery process; therefore, it complements available approaches that focus on the manufacturing process. Moreover, the results show that the widely used Supply Chain Operations Reference model can serve as the basis for additional process maturity models.
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