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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1981

I.K.F. BIRCH

Litigation is not a much sought after means used by participants in Australian education to advance political aims for reasons such as earlier discouraging decisions of the…

Abstract

Litigation is not a much sought after means used by participants in Australian education to advance political aims for reasons such as earlier discouraging decisions of the courts, the limited access to them and the cost involved once in them. Such judgements on matters educational which have been delivered have not been innovative and, on the contrary, have tended to frustrate the political goals of those challenging existing provisions. These generalizations are supported by the decision in the recently decided University Staff case in which State judges chose to follow the High Court of Australia's decision in the Teachers' case of 1929 and its comparatively narrow view of “industry”, thus frustrating the political intentions sought by judicial intervention.

Details

Journal of Educational Administration, vol. 19 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0957-8234

Article
Publication date: 1 February 1983

HELEN CREIGHTON

In this article, an analytical framework that can be used by educational administrators to evaluate and modify policy development in curriculum innovation is presented. The…

Abstract

In this article, an analytical framework that can be used by educational administrators to evaluate and modify policy development in curriculum innovation is presented. The framework is applicable to curriculum innovation of varying types and magnitudes, being relevant both to small‐scale innovation at individual schools and tertiary institutions as well as to large‐scale innovation emanating from centralised educational bureaucracies. Three criteria guided the generation of the analytical framework. Firstly, the framework must be sufficiently comprehensive to permit analysis of all the major components in policy development. Secondly, it should be systematic and enable orderly examination of issues and behaviour. Thirdly, it should facilitate objectivity in analysis. In producing the framework, a considerable volume of literature in areas such as administration, politics, decision‐making and policy‐making, educational planning and educational change was scrutinised. On the basis of this literature review, broad and generalised questions were generated so that diverse manifestations of policy development in curriculum innovation can be analysed. The framework derived relates to the four major interacting variables found to be operative in policy development in curriculum innovation, namely, the participants, the decision‐making and policy‐making processes, the innovation and the environment. It is also designed to allow examination of the interaction of the variables.

Details

Journal of Educational Administration, vol. 21 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0957-8234

Article
Publication date: 1 February 1976

DON SMART

The years 1964–1975 saw an unparalleled expansion of the Commonwealth Government's involvement in Australian education at all levels. At the beginning of that decade the Menzies…

Abstract

The years 1964–1975 saw an unparalleled expansion of the Commonwealth Government's involvement in Australian education at all levels. At the beginning of that decade the Menzies Liberal‐Country Party Government, which had repeatedly asserted that education was a State not a Commonwealth responsibility, was directly involved only in the university sector. Yet by 1975 Federal involvement had been extended to include not only the creation of a Federal Department of Education and Science but also the assumption of broad responsibility for determining the national priorities and levels of funding in the college, school, technical and further education and pre‐school sectors.

Details

Journal of Educational Administration, vol. 14 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0957-8234

Article
Publication date: 5 October 2015

Jennifer Clark

The purpose of this paper is to examine how Harry Messel, Harold Wyndham, L.C. Robson and Robert Menzies were instrumental in bringing about substantial change in science…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine how Harry Messel, Harold Wyndham, L.C. Robson and Robert Menzies were instrumental in bringing about substantial change in science curriculum and infrastructure reform in NSW schools.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper relies on substantial archival research including materials never before examined or used by historians of education history. The paper is divided into sections, the first uses teacher surveys and identifies problems with science teaching in 1958, a key year in education history and each section after that looks at the contribution of Wyndham, Messel, Robson and Menzies in driving a new direction for science education.

Findings

The research found that Wyndham, Messel, Robson and Menzies each contributed a new dimension to the reform of science education in Australia. Their individual contributions were substantial, inter-related and interlocking but quite different. The paper argues that it is not adequate to look at science education reform purely as a means to introduce State Aid, rather science education reform was advocated as a means to ensure students had a scientific literacy going forward into a technologically driven future.

Research limitations/implications

The research strikes a path through a vast primary source record to outline how individuals and science teachers more generally believed in science education reform as a mechanism to ensure students were better placed to enter a post-Sputnik world. As a result, known arguments around State Aid are only part of the story and not the main focus of the research. The aim is to supplement that knowledge by looking more at a broader picture for science reform for its own sake.

Originality/value

This paper takes an original approach to the history of curriculum change by providing a broader context for the State Aid debate, that is, by focussing on individual contributions to science education reform for its own sake and because science education was deemed necessary for student literacy in the future. At the same time it uses archival material never before accessed or used to tease out this history. The teachers’ surveys provide a unique insight into conditions for science teachers in the late 1950s. This material has not been accessed before and it provides a context upon which to superimpose the impact of the contributions of Wyndham, Messel, Robson and Menzies.

Details

History of Education Review, vol. 44 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0819-8691

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 16 August 2011

Teijo Palander and Lauri Vesa

The purpose of this paper is to investigate optimal strategic decision alternatives for Finnish pulp production companies in response to rising export tariffs on Russian…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate optimal strategic decision alternatives for Finnish pulp production companies in response to rising export tariffs on Russian roundwood. Traditionally, increasing the domestic or Russian supply to pulp mills satisfied their wood requirements. However, once this conventional strategy could no longer be implemented (in 2008), the wood requirements were met by adjusting pulp production (reducing) and wood procurement (increasing domestic procurement).

Design/methodology/approach

As the primary research data for the study, the procurement situation in 2005 was used to describe the conventional business strategy for purchasers of Russian or domestic roundwood. Possible business strategies were then simulated for changing pulp production by Stora Enso, with the goal of adjusting roundwood requirements, to develop a globally‐optimal strategy to solve the procurement problem.

Findings

After removing production by the northernmost Finnish pulp mill, the authors could not find a globally optimal solution for the wood‐procurement problem. It was found that Russia's tax policy (high export tariffs on roundwood) will have large implications for Finnish wood procurement (i.e. the use of domestic wood vs imported Russian roundwood), and can dramatically change the basis, type, and location of pulp mills. The reduction or total elimination of imported Russian roundwood caused severe supply shortages and reduced pulp production.

Originality/value

Based on the results of analysis, the authors recommend adjustment methods to assist strategic wood‐procurement decisions, given the need to adapt wood‐procurement logistics to an unpredictable and complicated pulp production environment that requires continual optimization of the wood flow.

Details

The International Journal of Logistics Management, vol. 22 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0957-4093

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 3 November 2022

Reza Edris Abadi, Mohammad Javad Ershadi and Seyed Taghi Akhavan Niaki

The overall goal of the data mining process is to extract information from an extensive data set and make it understandable for further use. When working with large volumes of…

Abstract

Purpose

The overall goal of the data mining process is to extract information from an extensive data set and make it understandable for further use. When working with large volumes of unstructured data in research information systems, it is necessary to divide the information into logical groupings after examining their quality before attempting to analyze it. On the other hand, data quality results are valuable resources for defining quality excellence programs of any information system. Hence, the purpose of this study is to discover and extract knowledge to evaluate and improve data quality in research information systems.

Design/methodology/approach

Clustering in data analysis and exploiting the outputs allows practitioners to gain an in-depth and extensive look at their information to form some logical structures based on what they have found. In this study, data extracted from an information system are used in the first stage. Then, the data quality results are classified into an organized structure based on data quality dimension standards. Next, clustering algorithms (K-Means), density-based clustering (density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise [DBSCAN]) and hierarchical clustering (balanced iterative reducing and clustering using hierarchies [BIRCH]) are applied to compare and find the most appropriate clustering algorithms in the research information system.

Findings

This paper showed that quality control results of an information system could be categorized through well-known data quality dimensions, including precision, accuracy, completeness, consistency, reputation and timeliness. Furthermore, among different well-known clustering approaches, the BIRCH algorithm of hierarchical clustering methods performs better in data clustering and gives the highest silhouette coefficient value. Next in line is the DBSCAN method, which performs better than the K-Means method.

Research limitations/implications

In the data quality assessment process, the discrepancies identified and the lack of proper classification for inconsistent data have led to unstructured reports, making the statistical analysis of qualitative metadata problems difficult and thus impossible to root out the observed errors. Therefore, in this study, the evaluation results of data quality have been categorized into various data quality dimensions, based on which multiple analyses have been performed in the form of data mining methods.

Originality/value

Although several pieces of research have been conducted to assess data quality results of research information systems, knowledge extraction from obtained data quality scores is a crucial work that has rarely been studied in the literature. Besides, clustering in data quality analysis and exploiting the outputs allows practitioners to gain an in-depth and extensive look at their information to form some logical structures based on what they have found.

Details

Information Discovery and Delivery, vol. 51 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2398-6247

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 30 November 2020

Charles Thorpe and Brynna Jacobson

Drawing upon Alfred Sohn-Rethel's work, we argue that, just as capitalism produces abstract labor, it coproduces both abstract mind and abstract life. Abstract mind is the split…

Abstract

Drawing upon Alfred Sohn-Rethel's work, we argue that, just as capitalism produces abstract labor, it coproduces both abstract mind and abstract life. Abstract mind is the split between mind and nature and between subject/observer and observed object that characterizes scientific epistemology. Abstract mind reflects an abstracted objectified world of nature as a means to be exploited. Biological life is rendered as abstract life by capitalist exploitation and by the reification and technologization of organisms by contemporary technoscience. What Alberto Toscano has called “the culture of abstraction” imposes market rationality onto nature and the living world, disrupting biotic communities and transforming organisms into what Finn Bowring calls “functional bio-machines.”

Details

The Capitalist Commodification of Animals
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83982-681-8

Keywords

Content available
Book part
Publication date: 26 November 2016

Karin Klenke

Abstract

Details

Qualitative Research in the Study of Leadership
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78560-651-9

Article
Publication date: 1 October 1914

At a recent meeting of the Council of the Royal Borough of Kensington, Councillor R. DUDLEY BAXTER, Chairman of the Public Health Committee, brought up a report setting forth…

Abstract

At a recent meeting of the Council of the Royal Borough of Kensington, Councillor R. DUDLEY BAXTER, Chairman of the Public Health Committee, brought up a report setting forth, inter alia :—

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 16 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

Article
Publication date: 1 October 1938

The following definitions and standards for food products have been adopted as a guide for the officials of this Department in enforcing the Food and Drugs Act. These are…

Abstract

The following definitions and standards for food products have been adopted as a guide for the officials of this Department in enforcing the Food and Drugs Act. These are standards of identity and are not to be confused with standards of quality or grade; they are so framed as to exclude substances not mentioned in the definition and in each instance imply that the product is clean and sound. These definitions and standards include those published in S. R. A., F. D. 2, revision 4, and those adopted October 28, 1936.

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 40 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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