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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1978

The Equal Pay Act 1970 (which came into operation on 29 December 1975) provides for an “equality clause” to be written into all contracts of employment. S.1(2) (a) of the 1970 Act…

1363

Abstract

The Equal Pay Act 1970 (which came into operation on 29 December 1975) provides for an “equality clause” to be written into all contracts of employment. S.1(2) (a) of the 1970 Act (which has been amended by the Sex Discrimination Act 1975) provides:

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Managerial Law, vol. 21 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0309-0558

Article
Publication date: 4 May 2021

Sandang Guo, Yaqian Jing and Bingjun Li

The purpose of this paper is to make multivariable gray model to be available for the application on interval gray number sequences directly, the matrix form of interval…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to make multivariable gray model to be available for the application on interval gray number sequences directly, the matrix form of interval multivariable gray model (IMGM(1,m,k) model) is constructed to simulate and forecast original interval gray number sequences in this paper.

Design/methodology/approach

Firstly, the interval gray number is regarded as a three-dimensional column vector, and the parameters of multivariable gray model are expressed in matrix form. Based on the dynamic gray action and optimized background value, the interval multivariable gray model is constructed. Finally, two examples and comparisons are carried out to verify the effectiveness of IMGM(1,m,k) model.

Findings

The model is applied to simulate and predict expert value, foreign direct investment, automobile sales and steel output, respectively. The results show that the proposed model has better simulation and prediction performance than another two models.

Practical implications

Due to the uncertainty information and continuous changing of reality, the interval gray numbers are used to characterize full information of original data. And the IMGM(1,m,k) model not only considers the characteristics of parameters changing with time but also takes into account information on lower, middle and upper bounds of interval gray numbers simultaneously to make better suitable for practical application.

Originality/value

The main contribution of this paper is to propose a new interval multivariable gray model, which considers the interaction between the lower, middle and upper bounds of interval numbers and need not to transform interval gray number sequences into real sequences. According to combining different characteristics of each bound of interval gray numbers, the matrix form of interval multivariable gray model is established to simulate and forecast interval gray numbers. In addition, the model introduces dynamic gray action to reflect the changes of parameters over time. Instead of white equation of classic MGM(1,m), the difference equation is directly used to solve the simulated and predicted values.

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Grey Systems: Theory and Application, vol. 12 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2043-9377

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 6 November 2017

Quandi Wang, Yingcong Wang, Jianwei Kang and Wanlu Li

The purpose of this paper is to present a monitoring method for a three-coil wireless power transfer (WPT) system, which consists of a transmitting coil (Tx), a relay coil and a…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present a monitoring method for a three-coil wireless power transfer (WPT) system, which consists of a transmitting coil (Tx), a relay coil and a movable receiving coil (Rx). Both an ideal resistance and a rectifier bridge load are taken into account.

Design/methodology/approach

From the perspective of fundamental component, the equivalent impedance of a rectifier bridge load is well analyzed. On the basis of the circuit model of a three-coil WPT, estimation equations of the variable mutual inductances and load condition are deduced. Multi-frequency input impedance obtained by frequency scans combined with the Newton-Raphson method are used to obtain solutions.

Findings

Experimental results indicate that the estimated parameter values are close to each other when different sets of source frequencies are applied. When compared with simulation results, these estimated parameters including both mutual inductances and load resistances are found to be accurate.

Originality/value

Using only the information of input side, the proposed algorithm can estimate the mutual inductances and load resistance regardless of the Rx positions. Estimation is feasible for the system with a rectifier bridge load. The estimated analysis will serve as a key step in load power stabilization for WPT systems.

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COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering, vol. 36 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0332-1649

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 20 April 2009

Donald Dutton and Christie Tetreault

We examine whether individual differences exist in reactions to toxic situations, reviewing historical examples of massacres. The social psychological research on the question…

Abstract

We examine whether individual differences exist in reactions to toxic situations, reviewing historical examples of massacres. The social psychological research on the question consists of the famous Milgram experiment on obedience and the Stanford Prison Experiment. Although these studies show the power of situations in eliciting aggression towards targets, they overlook an essential aspect of real world behaviours ‐ the innovation of imaginative sadistic sequences that go beyond the orders given. We argue that analogue studies are too limited to capture these situations and that social psychological research has been too limited in its assessment of key relevant individual traits, one of which is a potential for sadism. Furthermore, we raise concerns about whether ‘snapshot’ analogue research can capture the transitional processes central to an understanding of real world reactions to toxicity.

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Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, vol. 1 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1759-6599

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 20 April 2009

Anthony Beech, Tracey Swaffer, Vidyah Multra and Dawn Fisher

This study sought to further develop the growing body of qualitative evidence exploring the content, duration and triggers of cognitive distortions and deviant sexual fantasies in…

Abstract

This study sought to further develop the growing body of qualitative evidence exploring the content, duration and triggers of cognitive distortions and deviant sexual fantasies in perpetrators who offend against adult women, using grounded theory techniques. Detailed accounts of the thoughts and fantasies of 10 rapists pre‐ and post‐intervention were analysed. All participants reported having benefited from the programme. Nine participants reported that the victim‐focused work had the most impact on them. It was also found that after treatment: (a) there was a reduction in the level of cognitive distortions around victim blaming, other justifications for offending (such as alcohol use) and the acknowledgment of the impact that their offences has had upon their victims; (b) reductions in denial of fantasising about the offences prior to their offences. The implications of this study, for the improvement of intervention programmes for this group of offenders, are discussed.

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Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, vol. 1 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1759-6599

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 2 September 2019

Elyas Shivanian

The purpose of this paper is to develop pseudospectral meshless radial point Hermit interpolation (PSMRPHI) for applying to the Motz problem.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop pseudospectral meshless radial point Hermit interpolation (PSMRPHI) for applying to the Motz problem.

Design/methodology/approach

The author aims to propose a kind of PSMRPHI method.

Findings

Based on the Motz problem, the author aims also to compare PSMRPHI and PSMRPI which belong to more influence type of meshless methods.

Originality/value

Although the PSMRPHI method has been infrequently used in applications, the author proves it is more accurate and trustworthy than the PSMRPI method.

Article
Publication date: 1 January 1977

A distinction must be drawn between a dismissal on the one hand, and on the other a repudiation of a contract of employment as a result of a breach of a fundamental term of that…

2045

Abstract

A distinction must be drawn between a dismissal on the one hand, and on the other a repudiation of a contract of employment as a result of a breach of a fundamental term of that contract. When such a repudiation has been accepted by the innocent party then a termination of employment takes place. Such termination does not constitute dismissal (see London v. James Laidlaw & Sons Ltd (1974) IRLR 136 and Gannon v. J. C. Firth (1976) IRLR 415 EAT).

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Managerial Law, vol. 20 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0309-0558

Book part
Publication date: 9 October 2002

Abstract

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The Transformative Power of Dialogue
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84950-165-1

Article
Publication date: 1 June 2005

Li‐teh Sun

Man has been seeking an ideal existence for a very long time. In this existence, justice, love, and peace are no longer words, but actual experiences. How ever, with the American…

Abstract

Man has been seeking an ideal existence for a very long time. In this existence, justice, love, and peace are no longer words, but actual experiences. How ever, with the American preemptive invasion and occupation of Afghanistan and Iraq and the subsequent prisoner abuse, such an existence seems to be farther and farther away from reality. The purpose of this work is to stop this dangerous trend by promoting justice, love, and peace through a change of the paradigm that is inconsistent with justice, love, and peace. The strong paradigm that created the strong nation like the U.S. and the strong man like George W. Bush have been the culprit, rather than the contributor, of the above three universal ideals. Thus, rather than justice, love, and peace, the strong paradigm resulted in in justice, hatred, and violence. In order to remove these three and related evils, what the world needs in the beginning of the third millenium is the weak paradigm. Through the acceptance of the latter paradigm, the golden mean or middle paradigm can be formulated, which is a synergy of the weak and the strong paradigm. In order to understand properly the meaning of these paradigms, however, some digression appears necessary.

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International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 25 no. 6/7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-333X

Keywords

Abstract

Details

Transport Economic Theory
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-0-08-045028-5

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