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Article
Publication date: 7 January 2020

José López Rodríguez and Bill Serrano Orellana

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of firms’ general and specific human capital on the export propensity and intensity.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of firms’ general and specific human capital on the export propensity and intensity.

Design/methodology/approach

The resource-based view of the firm provides the theoretical background to examine export performance. Empirical analysis is carried out using a national representative sample of Spanish manufacturing firms and employing Logit and Tobit models. Export performance is evaluated in a dual way, as export propensity and export intensity. In relation to human capital a distinction is made between general and specific human capital.

Findings

The results shown that differences exist in the effect of general and specific human capital. While the firms’ general human capital (education of the firm’s employees) affects both export propensity and intensity, only some dimensions of specific human capital (employees’ experience at the workplace) affects export propensity and intensity but no the employees’ training. Moreover, the firms’ general human capital generates greater changes than the effect of specific human capital on the export behavior.

Originality/value

This paper extends a line of research underexplored in the literature by analyzing the effect of organizational human capital on the firm’s export performance; moreover, it is the first study for Spanish manufacturing firms; the distinction between general and specific human capital enhances our comprehension of the human capital as a determinant of export performance. In relation to the specific human capital, besides training, we add a new variable related to experience at the workplace.

Details

Baltic Journal of Management, vol. 15 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1746-5265

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 May 2002

Tammy L. Madsen, Elaine Mosakowski and Srilata Zaheer

This empirical paper investigates the relationships between the amount of human capital that flows into a firm and two activities underlying a firm’s knowledge production…

3441

Abstract

This empirical paper investigates the relationships between the amount of human capital that flows into a firm and two activities underlying a firm’s knowledge production, variation or change and knowledge retention. We track the flow of human capital within and across organizational and geographic space for all multi‐unit banks operating in the world foreign exchange trade industry from 1973 to 1993. The findings indicate that an increased reliance on past experience reduces how much human capital a firm imports in the future. This effect is moderated by a self‐reinforcing cycle of human capital inflow. Inflows of human capital also decline when a firm has recently adopted novel changes in its operations. The paper uses evolutionary thinking to define a model for intrafirm knowledge production.

Details

Journal of Knowledge Management, vol. 6 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1367-3270

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 9 November 2012

Long‐Sheng Lin, Ing‐Chung Huang, Pey‐Lan Du and Tsai‐Fei Lin

This study aims to demonstrate the positive effect of human capital disclosure on firm performance, and to specify the boundary conditions of the relationship.

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to demonstrate the positive effect of human capital disclosure on firm performance, and to specify the boundary conditions of the relationship.

Design/methodology/approach

The study applies the signaling and stakeholder perspectives and uses a one‐year lag design to avoid reverse causality in exploring the human capital disclosure and performance link. Content analysis of annual reports and hierarchical regression are applied.

Findings

Human capital disclosure positively impacts on organizational performance such as market‐to‐book ratio and ROA. Organizational size negatively moderates the relationship between disclosure of human capital information and firm performance. Knowledge intensity has curvilinear positive moderation effect between the relationship above.

Practical implications

Human capital disclosure can help communicate to various stakeholders. Organizational performance can thus be enhanced through the communication process. Disclosure in the context of higher knowledge intensity is more beneficial.

Originality/value

The paper theoretically and empirically links up human capital disclosure and organizational performance. It also identifies both the diminishing return and increasing return moderation effects by organizational size and knowledge intensity between the human capital disclosure and performance link.

Details

Management Decision, vol. 50 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0025-1747

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 17 May 2013

Naoki Ando and Nobuaki Endo

The purpose of this paper is to examine how service firms determine foreign subsidiary staffing, emphasizing the joint effect of an attribute specific to the service sector and…

1048

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine how service firms determine foreign subsidiary staffing, emphasizing the joint effect of an attribute specific to the service sector and the institutional environment of the host countries.

Design/methodology/approach

This study develops hypotheses regarding the joint effect of human capital intensity and institutional distance on the ratio of parent country nationals to foreign subsidiary employees. A Tobit regression is conducted to test the hypotheses, using a sample that consists of 1,067 foreign subsidiaries of Japanese service firms.

Findings

This study finds that the human capital intensity of a service firm has a positive impact on the ratio of parent country nationals to foreign subsidiary employees. The study also finds that the institutional distance between the host country and the home country is negatively associated with the ratio of parent country nationals. In addition, this study finds that the positive impact of human capital intensity on the ratio of parent country nationals becomes weaker as the institutional distance becomes greater.

Originality/value

This study explores the factors that affect the decisions regarding foreign subsidiary staffing in the service sector. It advances the understanding of the foreign subsidiary staffing of service firms by examining the joint effect of an attribute specific to the service sector and the institutional environment of the host countries. This study shows evidence that the effect of an attribute specific to the service sector is more complex than a linear relationship.

Article
Publication date: 17 September 2019

Valeria Lentini and Gregorio Gimenez

The purpose of this paper is to investigate which sectors are more vulnerable to human capital depreciation, with an emphasis on potential differences in skills and in ICT…

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate which sectors are more vulnerable to human capital depreciation, with an emphasis on potential differences in skills and in ICT intensities.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors estimate an extended Mincerian earnings equation based on Neuman and Weiss’s (1995) model using the EU-KLEMS international database for 15 sectors for the period from 1980 to 2005. The authors also test structural ruptures in earnings and human capital depreciation in the labor market per decade controlling by technological intensity.

Findings

Human capital depreciation ranges from 1 to 6 percent. It is mainly significant in skill-intensive sectors regardless of the sector’s technological intensity. The analysis of structural breaks shows that human capital value indeed changed from decade to decade. It even appreciated in low skill-intensive sectors in the 1980s and in the high skill-intensive during the 1990s. Appreciation though, was mainly skill-biased.

Research limitations/implications

Information about on-the-job-training and non-cognitive skills that can also affect human capital depreciation are not included due to lack of data.

Practical implications

To prevent human capital from depreciating in particular sectors and periods educational systems should provide the tools for ongoing lifelong learning at all skills levels. Education is subject to dynamic effects that should be addressed to increase the potential benefits of technological change.

Originality/value

First, instead of using cross-section analysis which is considered to be a pitfall in studying the depreciation of knowledge, the authors observe its dynamic on a longitudinal basis. Second, the international macro-sectoral approach goes beyond limited micro-sectoral analysis in certain countries.

Details

International Journal of Manpower, vol. 40 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-7720

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 June 1990

A. Chowdhury and C.H. Kirkpatrick

The article examines the impact of changing human resourceendowments on the factor intensity and commodity composition ofmanufacturing exports in the ASEAN economies. There is…

Abstract

The article examines the impact of changing human resource endowments on the factor intensity and commodity composition of manufacturing exports in the ASEAN economies. There is evidence that skill and human capital endowments over the period 1970‐83 have increased, and that this rise in the quality of the labour force has influenced the factor use pattern in the manufacturing sector, as reflected in the shift towards relatively more skill‐intensive forms of production. The evidence on the human resource orientation of ASEAN exports is also consistent with the notion that increased human capital endowments have influenced the factor intensity of manufactured exports, although in some cases this tendency is exaggerated by the high growth in capital‐intensive intermediate imports. The findings of the article are consistent with the argument that policy directed towards the development of human capital can make a significant contribution in enabling an economy to develop the production and trade structures needed to retain its international competitive advantage.

Details

Journal of Economic Studies, vol. 17 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0144-3585

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 February 2004

KAOUTHAR LAJILI

This research paper examines the information content and managerial incentives for labour cost voluntary disclosures for a sample of United States publicly traded companies. We…

Abstract

This research paper examines the information content and managerial incentives for labour cost voluntary disclosures for a sample of United States publicly traded companies. We focus on labour productivity and managerial efficiency in labour usage and argue that these human capital indicators could provide valuable information to capital market participants seeking human resource‐type of performance measures and signals. Labour productivity and efficiency indicators are estimated following a production function approach and are included in logistic regressions to help explain and predict labour cost voluntary disclosure decisions. We find that labour productivity and managerial efficiency in labour use indicators are generally different between disclosing and non‐disclosing firms, and that proprietary information costs and political cost proxies are significantly related to labour costs voluntary disclosure, consistent with previous literature. These empirical results corroborate the ‘proprietary information’ hypothesis of voluntary disclosure where the strategic costs of disclosure outweigh the signaling benefit from disclosing human capital information.

Details

Journal of Human Resource Costing & Accounting, vol. 8 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1401-338X

Article
Publication date: 1 January 2000

MANUEL GARCÍA‐AYUSO, INES MORENO‐CAMPOS and GUILLERMO SIERRA‐MOLINA

Fundamental analysis is aimed at assessing the intrinsic value of companies based on publicly available accounting information. Thus, the main purpose of fundamental analysis…

Abstract

Fundamental analysis is aimed at assessing the intrinsic value of companies based on publicly available accounting information. Thus, the main purpose of fundamental analysis research should be identifying the main determinants of value, establishing empirical relations between them and fundamental accounting variables, and finally, predicting the future behavior of such variables to estimate the value of the firm. Traditional fundamental analysis ignores the existence of some intangible assets, such as intellectual capital, that are currently considered as the main determinants of value. Human capital is an essential component of intellectual capital. This paper provides evidence on the extent to which the quality of human resources is related to the value of accounting variables that are used in fundamental analysis due to their perceived usefulness as proxies for investors' expectations on the firm's future profitability and growth in both, earnings and shareholders' equity.

Details

Journal of Human Resource Costing & Accounting, vol. 5 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1401-338X

Article
Publication date: 23 June 2023

Yuanfang Wang, He Tian and Yekun Xu

As China shifts from a “human capital demographic dividend” to a “demographic dividend” as a source of economic growth, this paper examines the influence of social security system…

Abstract

Purpose

As China shifts from a “human capital demographic dividend” to a “demographic dividend” as a source of economic growth, this paper examines the influence of social security system improvement on enterprises efforts to attract talent and enhance innovation ability.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses a sample of Chinese listed firms from 2008 to 2019 to analyse the influences of social security contributions on enterprise innovation, and the mediating effect of human capital accumulation. The OLS, DID test, placebo test, 2SLS are used to test the research questions.

Findings

The authors find a significant positive correlation between social security contributions and enterprise innovation because social security contributions improve the accumulation of human capital, helping enterprises to attract talent, which in turn has a positive impact on corporate innovation. The positive correlation between social security contributions and enterprise innovation is more significant in private enterprises, STAR Market and GEM listed companies and labour-intensive enterprises.

Practical implications

These findings provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of relevant policies and the current reform of social security collection in China. The findings also have practical significance for the sustainable development of China's economy given its ageing population.

Originality/value

This study provides a new perspective, that is, from the perspective of human capital accumulation, to discuss the impact of social security contributions on enterprise innovation, and enriches the relevant literature on the economic consequences of social security contributions and the influencing factors of corporate innovation.

Details

International Journal of Manpower, vol. 44 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-7720

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 March 2004

Ahmed Riahi‐Belkaoui

Output per worker varies significantly from one country to another. Why? Our analysis shows that differences in earnings opacity are important sources of this variation. Earnings…

Abstract

Output per worker varies significantly from one country to another. Why? Our analysis shows that differences in earnings opacity are important sources of this variation. Earnings opacity is a measure that reflects how little information there is in a firm's earnings number about its true, but unobservable, economic performance. According to our results, a high‐productivity country has the accounting quality associated with low earnings opacity. Results further suggest that the quality of accounting in general, and low earnings opacity in particular helps a country by stimulating the accumulation of human and physical capital and by raising its total factor productivity.

Details

Review of Accounting and Finance, vol. 3 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1475-7702

Keywords

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