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Reports and analyses the findings of recent research undertaken in five Scottish centres to assess hotel and catering workers′ attitudes to trade unions. Initially, reviews the reasons advanced in explaining low union density in the hotel and catering industry. These explanations formed the basis to the research project which are reported. The research fieldwork comprised interviews with hotel and catering workers in a variety of establishments across a range of industry sub‐sectors. Contrary to what would have been expected from a review of previous research, Scottish hotel and catering workers demonstrated positive views of trade unions and a high level of interest in union membership. In the light of such views, gives consideration to the reasons why hotel and catering workers remain largely non‐unionized in terms of employer hostility to trade unions and employee doubts about the potential for union success in the industry.

The purpose of this paper is to establish whether a terminal value is a substantial amount of the final figure in a hotel’s valuation. Malta’s scenario has been delved into. This due to the fact that owing to Malta’s high population density and its restrictive land area, land values attract a high premium as compared with larger developed countries. Other matters such as earnings’ multipliers derived from a cap rate (initial yield), CAPEX has also been delved into.

The methodologies adopted in hotel valuation practice has been delved into. An extensive literature review is undertaken to analyse the earnings multiplier adopted by various authors over the past 30-year period. The hotel cap rate (initial yield) has been compared with similar yields adopted in the institutional and property markets and then compares to market-based data. A discussion is undertaken on the validity of adopting discounted cash flow, as against the short cut market appraisal approach. Capitalization rates, cap rates have also been referred to as obtained from the academic and practitioners field and compared. Depreciation and the anticipated annual accommodation charges have been analysed. A database of hotel rooms value over the past 20-year period has been referred.

A table outlines the earnings’ multipliers in perpetuity or for the limited expected design life for various cap rates. This data will act as a guide in guiding practitioners to establish an earnings’ multiplier to be applied in their valuation methodology. An example in the Appendix clarifies the manner in which this data table is to be utilized. The finding of this example notes that for this hotel in Malta, as constructed on private land, the terminal value for this development hovers around the 30 per cent of the market value.

This analysis is based on five valuations as undertaken on five hotels in Malta with classification grades varying from III to V. This notes that the terminal value varies within a range of 9-45 per cent of the total value. This analysis has to be undertaken for other countries for a global range of land terminal values percentages to be established.

Establishing the terminal value of a hotel business, will offer greater security for secured lending facilities required. It will further act as an important tool to establish the feasibility of a hotel development.

Updated insight is given to existing hotel valuation methodologies by delving into the workings of the earnings’ multiplier and establishes that in today’s market the terminal value of the hotel basis has to be accounted for. The above findings are based on a link between theory and practice.

Outlines the methodology in common use in the valuation of hotels and leisure property in the United Kingdom at the present time, dealing first with the general principles involved and then proceeding with a casestudy to illustrate these various principles, their application and the resolution of differences where these arise. Describes the differences between hotels and other types of property and discusses the need for the valuer to have specialist knowledge of the market to assess the capital value accurately.

For much of their history, wages councils have functioned in conditions in which public policy, as expressed in legislation, has favoured the development of voluntary collective bargaining. Since 1979 there has been a marked change of emphasis. The effect of the legislative framework and other factors on the development of voluntary collective bargaining is discussed. Some recent research findings on wage regulation in hotels are presented and the future prospects for collective bargaining in the hotel industry are considered.

To apply Williamson's six dimensional typology of asset specificity as a theoretical framework for appraising the nature of outsourcing activities in hotels.

Interviews with senior managers in large hotels.

Site specificity and brand capital appear to be the most pertinent dimensions of asset specificity in the sample investigated. Most observations support the transaction cost economics (TCE) prescription that high asset specificity results in insourcing.

This study suffers from the normal shortcomings associated with fieldwork based on a limited sample of observations. Rather than attempting to make generalisable assertions, the study provides an exploration of the ways that asset specificity might manifest itself in hotel outsourcing decision making.

Asset specificity represents an important construct that should be considered when considering whether to outsource. It also provides a valuable context when considering the motivations of parties entering into a subcontracting arrangement.

No study applying either the asset specificity notion or the broader TCE theory has been found in the hospitality management literature. Also, there is a lack of prior research concerned with outsourcing in the hotel sector.

Identifies that changing lifestyles, economic conditions and a more flexible approach towards granting retail licences have made alcoholic drinks distribution change significantly. Examines the change in drinking at home increasing over drinking in pubs ‐ an increase highlighted by a 65 per cent increase in off‐licence wine purchasing. States that the EEC Regulation 84/83, which released 45,000 tenant publicans from the ‘tie’ system, had also influenced the change somewhat. Posits that the major brewers are trying to bring back the consumer to pub drinking but that marketing techniques will have to be sharpened. Recommends that there are five main points on which to focus and these are itemized and discussed.

The organization of information technology components into effective enterprise information systems is fast becoming a basic infra‐structural and operational necessity for every organization and business sector. These information systems must be well managed, cost‐efficient, legal, and safe. There is a growing reliance upon IT in many organizations to the point of mission‐criticality. Ideas from disaster recovery planning (DRP) can and should be applied to installed information systems and the new information services whose continuous and reliable functioning may be vital to the organization. This paper reviews the literature concerning the factors that have been identified as essential to the development of DRPs in organizations. As a result of a survey study of four business sectors in Hong Kong: banking, manufacturing, trading, and hotels – the top five critical factors for a successful DRP in information systems are identified with the preferred patterns of DRP identical for three of these sectors.

This paper aims to analyze the superior economic sector by looking at its contribution to the gross regional domestic product (GRDP) of East Kalimantan Province, the economic base, the multiplier effect and the strength of inter-sectoral linkages.

This study was designed through two research approaches, namely, quantitative and qualitative method. This is intended to complement the results of the phenomenon under study and to strengthen the analysis. Secondary data were analyzed by the level of contribution of the economic sectors to the GRDP, and the base sector was determined through the location quotient approach. The two methods of calculation helped to reveal the dominant economic sectors in East Kalimantan Province. The Input Output (IO) Table in 2016 was made up dated from the 2009 IO Table to be used as a basis for building Social Accounting Matrix data or known as the East Kalimantan Regional Socio-Economic Balance System (SEBS) (a matrix of 49 × 49 sectors) in 2017 by using the RAS method. To be consistent, these SEBS data are then aggregated so all commodities are combined into economic sectors used to determine the leading sector on the East Kalimantan Province SEBS in 2016 (a matrix of 41 × 41 sectors).

Based on the assessment by scoring of the criteria for determining the leading economic sectors in East Kalimantan, i.e. the contribution of the economic sector to GRDP, the economic base, the multiplier effect (income, production factor, and output) and the linkages between sectors, both backward and forward linkage, shows the ten leading sectors as follows: the trade; paper and printed goods; financial institutions and other financial services; fertilizer; chemical and other rubber products; hotel and restaurant; general government; fisheries; excavation; and mining without oil and gas.

Similar research has never been done before in East Kalimantan; this is one of the originalities of this present study. No previous study has comprehensively studied the mediating effects of tourist value perception on the determination of economic sector, especially in Kalimantan, Indonesia.

In der zweiten Hälfte der 70er Jahre setzte ein grundlegender Wandel der Marktsituation im Inlandstourismus ein: Der Umbruch der Marktsituation vom Verkäufer— oder Anbietermarkt zum nachfragebeherrschten Käufermarkt. Dieser Umbruch der Marktsituation im Inlandstourismus löste einen nachhaltigen Anpas‐sungsprozess im westdeutschen Hotelgewerbe aus. Während bis in die 70er Jahre hinein der Ausbau der Hotelkapazitäten im Inland der Zunahme der Nachfrage vorauseilte — mit dem Ergebnis, dass der Auslastungsgrad der Bettenkapazität Ende der 70er Jahre einen absoluten Tiefstand von 33 v.H. erreichte —, ging die Zahl der Beherbergungsbetriebe in den 80er Jahren erstmals deutlich zurück.

An odd‐sounding expression recently introduced into the language, derived from the passage of events, Privatization, introduced as a rescue operation for sections of public and nationalised industry to hand them over to private enterprise to avoid their destruction and smothering by the unholy wedlock of trade unionism and weak, inefficient management. It frequently met with the opposition of unions and sections of staff. Efforts have been made to sabotage the take‐over and operation of the services by private firms, occasionally making them impossible to operate. This elementary operation was expected to achieve even greater success in the sections taken over and reduced the room for destructive manoeuvring by ajitator, much of which was caused independent of the unions. In the public services some of the antics between rival factions bordered on the ludicrous.