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Article
Publication date: 14 May 2018

I am ugly, but I am tender: the dominance of moral character and warmth

Joseph W. Chang

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the dominance of athlete endorser characteristics (i.e. moral character vs warmth) on athlete endorser perception and the…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the dominance of athlete endorser characteristics (i.e. moral character vs warmth) on athlete endorser perception and the influence of tarnished athlete endorsers (i.e. immoral character vs coldness) on brand evaluations from the perspectives of perceiver characteristics, including dispositional tendency, innate moral intuitions, and self-location (SL).

Design/methodology/approach

This research consists of three experimental studies with 135, 72, and 91 participants, respectively. Study 1 compared the dominance of moral character and warmth on athlete endorser perception. Study 2 examined the impact of perceiver characteristics on the cause-and-effect relationship between tarnished athlete endorsers (i.e. immoral character vs coldness) and brand evaluations. Study 3 investigated the cross-cultural generalizability of the US-based research findings in Study 2 for Indians.

Findings

Moral character is more influential than warmth on athlete endorser evaluations. Tarnished athlete endorsers with immoral character exert more negative influence than tarnished athlete endorsers with coldness characteristic on brand evaluations. Except for dispositional tendency, innate moral intuitions and SL moderate brand evaluations. Endorser and perceiver characteristics yield asymmetric patterns of influence on Americans’ and Indians’ brand evaluations.

Research limitations/implications

Future research is needed to verify the causal effects of thinking styles on the relationship between tarnished athlete endorsers and brand evaluations.

Practical implications

The determination of endorsement continuity has to jointly consider the characteristics of endorsers, perceivers, and cultures.

Originality/value

This research contributes to the endorsement research by advancing the research scopes of athlete endorser, perceiver, and culture characteristics.

Details

Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal, vol. 8 no. 2
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/SBM-12-2016-0078
ISSN: 2042-678X

Keywords

  • Dispositional tendency
  • Holistic tendency
  • Innate moral intuitions
  • Moral character
  • Self-location
  • Tarnished endorser

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Article
Publication date: 11 July 2016

Thinking styles affect reactions to brand crisis apologies

Liangyan Wang, Shijian Wang, L. Robin Keller and Jie Li

This article aims to examine how a person’s thinking style, specifically holistic versus analytic, and a firm’s crisis apology with the remedial solution framed in “why”…

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Abstract

Purpose

This article aims to examine how a person’s thinking style, specifically holistic versus analytic, and a firm’s crisis apology with the remedial solution framed in “why” (vs “how”) terms can interactively impact consumers’ perceived efficacy of the firm to respond to the crisis and their impression or evaluation of the brand.

Design/methodology/approach

Hypotheses were tested through three experimental studies involving 308 participants recruited in China. Participants answered survey questions investigating the interactive effects from consumers’ thinking style (culture as a proxy in Study 1, measured in Study 2 or primed in Study 3) and a brand’s crisis apology with the remedial solution framed in “why” (vs “how”) terms on consumers’ perceived efficacy and evaluation of the firm.

Findings

The frame of the remedial solution resulting in a higher evaluation improvement depended on a consumer’s thinking style. For holistic thinkers, a “why” (vs “how”) framed remedial solution resulted in a higher evaluation improvement; however, for analytic thinkers, a “how” (vs “why”) framed remedial solution resulted in a higher evaluation improvement. Additionally, the results showed that a consumer’s perceived efficacy of the brand being able to successfully respond to the crisis mediated the interactive effects of the remedial solution framing and thinking styles on the evaluation improvement.

Practical Implications

The findings provide evidence that framing of the remedial solution can be leveraged as a tool to reduce negative impact resulting from a brand crisis. Specifically, the results suggest that companies may do well to employ a “why” framed remedial solution, particularly in cases where consumers are likely to process information holistically. Conversely, a “how” framed remedial solution may be effective in situations where consumers are likely to process information analytically.

Originality/value

This research contributes to the literature, being among the first to consider how the remedial solution framing in a firm’s apology can enhance people’s evaluation of the brand and decrease the perceived negative impact resulting from the brand crisis.

Details

European Journal of Marketing, vol. 50 no. 7/8
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-07-2014-0457
ISSN: 0309-0566

Keywords

  • Brand management
  • Customer behavior

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 1996

School effectiveness in East Asia: Concepts, origins and implications

Kai‐ming Cheng and Kam‐cheung Wong

Identifies several features in East Asian schools which coincide with commonly recognized characteristics of effective schools in the Western literature: community…

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Abstract

Identifies several features in East Asian schools which coincide with commonly recognized characteristics of effective schools in the Western literature: community support, teacher professionalism, attention to quality and high expectations. Attributes this to the East Asian culture and discusses three major dimensions of the East Asian culture: the individual‐community dimension, the effort‐ability dichotomy and the holistic‐analytic tendency in analyses. Traces the origin of such cultural dimensions in the ancient literature and explores the implications of such cultural dimensions in school management. Briefly highlights two major challenges to the adoption of an effective schooling system in East Asia.

Details

Journal of Educational Administration, vol. 34 no. 5
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09578239610148269
ISSN: 0957-8234

Keywords

  • Abilities
  • East Asia
  • Effectiveness
  • Management
  • National cultures
  • Schools

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Article
Publication date: 8 May 2017

The mitigating role of holistic thinking on choice overload

Ilgim Dara Benoit and Elizabeth G. Miller

This paper aims to demonstrate how and why holistic thinking mitigates the negative impact of large assortments on satisfaction.

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to demonstrate how and why holistic thinking mitigates the negative impact of large assortments on satisfaction.

Design/methodology/approach

Five between-subject experiments demonstrate the mitigating role of holism on choice overload across a variety of contexts.

Findings

While large assortments create overload feeling, holistic thinking mitigates the negative impact of overload feeling on satisfaction for both chronic (Studies 1a and 1b) and decision-specific (Studies 1b and 1c) holistic thinkers, as well as those who adopt a more holistic thinking style because of the decision goal (Study 2) or incidental priming (Study 3).

Research limitations/implications

This paper introduces a new moderator of choice overload effects – holistic thinking – and shows how it mitigates the negative indirect effect of assortment size on satisfaction. This paper contributes to the literature on assortment size effects and shows that even when assortment size increases overload feeling, this negative impact of assortment size can still be reduced.

Practical implications

Marketers with large assortments can reduce the negative impact of overload feeling and increase satisfaction by promoting the hedonic features of the products and encouraging holistic thinking. Similarly, consumers can reduce the negative impact of overload feeling by approaching their consumption more holistically either because of their individual traits or situational factors.

Originality/value

This research contributes a new moderator to the choice overload literature: holistic thinking. In doing so, it adopts a broader consideration of the decision-making process underlying overload effects and pinpoints how (i.e. by which path) holistic thinking mitigates the negative impact of large assortments.

Details

Journal of Consumer Marketing, vol. 34 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JCM-07-2016-1889
ISSN: 0736-3761

Keywords

  • Decision making
  • Holistic thinking
  • Assortment size
  • Choice overload

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Article
Publication date: 9 July 2020

Humanistic leadership in Thailand: a mix of indigenous and global aspects using a cross-cultural perspective

Davina Vora and Astrid Kainzbauer

To explore how leadership behavior in Thailand relates to humanistic leadership through indigenous and cross-cultural lenses.

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Abstract

Purpose

To explore how leadership behavior in Thailand relates to humanistic leadership through indigenous and cross-cultural lenses.

Design/methodology/approach

Analogically based and semi-structured interviews were used. The primary focus was on factors associated with expatriate success in leading Thais in a Thai context. As such, the main sample included 24 expatriates. Two local Thai leaders were also interviewed. Qualitative interviews were analyzed inductively using NVivo.

Findings

Five interrelated themes emerged from the data: guiding, bridging, emotionally supporting, socializing and indirectly communicating. These themes relate to Asian holistic thinking, Thai culture and humanistic management. Evidence for humanistic leadership was found, albeit in culture-specific ways.

Research limitations/implications

Researchers may benefit from studying local, indigenous leadership practices and determining if and how they fit etic concepts such as humanistic leadership. Limitations of this study include a small sample from only one country.

Practical implications

To be successful, leaders should engage in humanistic leadership practices that fit the Thai context. Human resource departments may wish to focus their talent recruitment, selection and development on these behaviors.

Originality/value

This paper adds to the nascent literature on humanistic leadership by providing an indigenous as well as cross-cultural lens to understanding humanistic leadership in the context of Thailand.

Details

Cross Cultural & Strategic Management, vol. 27 no. 4
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/CCSM-01-2020-0008
ISSN: 2059-5794

Keywords

  • Humanistic leadership
  • Expatriates
  • Qualitative methods
  • Thailand

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Article
Publication date: 7 October 2014

Cognitive styles and the use of electronic journals in a mobile context

Chu-Han Chan, Chen-Wei Hsieh and Sherry Y. Chen

The purpose of this paper is to examine how different cognitive style groups use electronic journals via mobile devices, with an emphasis on the use of search mechanisms…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine how different cognitive style groups use electronic journals via mobile devices, with an emphasis on the use of search mechanisms, the approaches to judge the relevance and to refine the results, the use of horizontal screens, and on the influence of negative emotions.

Design/methodology/approach

Participants’ cognitive styles were identified as Holists and Serialists with Ford's Study Preference Questionnaire. The behaviour of the participants interacting with the ScienceDirect was observed and was analysed with both traditional statistics and data mining.

Findings

Holists prefer to use multiple searches when undertaking the Expert Search only, which is a complex search mechanism. Conversely, Serialists have a tendency to use multiple searches, irrespective of the complexity of search mechanisms. Additionally, the Expert Search may be helpful for Serialists while the Basic Search seems beneficial to Holists. Regarding the judgement of relevance, Holists tend to use a variety of approaches while Serialists prefer to use a single approach. In general, the major results of this study confirm those of Vilar and Žumer (2008).

Originality/value

The novelty of this study covers two aspects. One is to examine the behaviour of Holists and Serialists in the mobile context of electronic journals and the other is to analyse data with an integrative approach that combines both traditional statistics and data mining. The former contributes to the understandings of how to design mobile electronic journals that can accommodate the needs of different cognitive style groups. The latter can not only strengthen the reliability of the results obtained from traditional statistics, but also discover findings neglected by traditional statistics.

Details

Journal of Documentation, vol. 70 no. 6
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JD-02-2014-0035
ISSN: 0022-0418

Keywords

  • Electronic journals
  • Cognitive styles
  • Mobile devices
  • Search behaviour

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Book part
Publication date: 16 October 2017

Systems, Structures, and Functions

Jiří šubrt

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Abstract

Details

The Perspective of Historical Sociology
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78743-363-220171006
ISBN: 978-1-78743-363-2

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Article
Publication date: 1 November 1994

Marketing Eating Out: The Influence of Social Culture and Innovation

Michael Riley

Argues that eating out in Britain has no basis in social culture andtherefore exists without any consensual value as to what is recognizedas good. As a consequence it is…

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Abstract

Argues that eating out in Britain has no basis in social culture and therefore exists without any consensual value as to what is recognized as good. As a consequence it is open to the influence of innovation and novelty. The concept of “lifestyle” is evoked as a focus of consumption patterns and it is argued that as eating out has no cultural support it is open to greater competition from other attributes of lifestyle. The debate between holistic versus attribute evaluation is resolved firmly in favour of the former. The implications of this, and the absence of a cultural anchor with its attendant effect on lifestyle, are explored in relation to marketing strategies. The distinction is made between unit marketing, market segmentation and the task of attracting more people into the activity of eating out. Home orientation is seen as the barrier to development.

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 96 no. 10
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709410072463
ISSN: 0007-070X

Keywords

  • Consumer behaviour
  • Culture
  • Food
  • Lifestyles
  • Marketing
  • Restaurants
  • United Kingdom

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 2003

Abstracting/abstract adaptation to digital environments: research trends

Maria Pinto

The technological revolution is affecting the structure, form and content of documents, reducing the effectiveness of traditional abstracts that, to some extent, are…

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Abstract

The technological revolution is affecting the structure, form and content of documents, reducing the effectiveness of traditional abstracts that, to some extent, are inadequate to the new documentary conditions. Aims to show the directions in which abstracting/abstracts can evolve to achieve the necessary adequacy in the new digital environments. Three researching trends are proposed: theoretical, methodological and pragmatic. Theoretically, there are some needs for expanding the document concept, reengineering abstracting and designing interdisciplinary models. Methodologically, the trend is toward the structuring, automating and qualifying of the abstracts. Pragmatically, abstracts networking, combined with alternative and complementary models, open a new and promising horizon. Automating, structuring and qualifying abstracting/abstract offer some short‐term prospects for progress. Concludes that reengineering, networking and visualising would be middle‐term fruitful areas of research toward the full adequacy of abstracting in the new electronic age.

Details

Journal of Documentation, vol. 59 no. 5
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/00220410310499609
ISSN: 0022-0418

Keywords

  • Abstracting
  • Abstracts
  • Research
  • Electronic document delivery
  • Quality function deployment

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Book part
Publication date: 17 October 2011

Is Depression a Brain Disorder? Neuroscience in Mental Health Care

Ilpo Helén

Depressive disorder has been defined by increasingly specific neurophysiological mechanisms and features during the past two decades. At the same time, depression has…

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Abstract

Depressive disorder has been defined by increasingly specific neurophysiological mechanisms and features during the past two decades. At the same time, depression has grown into an epidemic proportion and become a major public health problem. Consequently, the scope of depressive experience and conduct has also widened and the meaning of depression has multiplied and become equivocal. This chapter analyses how this tension is handled in current Western mental health care. The focus of the study is the role of neuroscientific views in mental health reasoning and practice. The empirical case is the mental health discussion in Finland from the late 1980s to the present day. The analysis of the historical change in understandings of depression in Finnish psychiatry and mental health care provides a view of the relevance of neuroscientific models in defining depressive illness and outlining diagnostic and treatment practices. Moreover, the analysis brings forth the relationship of neuroscientific concepts to other ways of defining depression – epidemiology, diagnostic classification, psychodynamic and other psychological theories – within clinical reasoning. A conclusion to be drawn from the analysis of the Finnish case is that neurobiological concepts of depression have only limited influence on the ways in which the disorder is conceived within the practical context of mental health care. It seems that the idea of depression as a multi-factorial disorder remains a good enough conceptual framework for clinical practice. Even the influence of neurosciences on treatment is still somewhat marginal. Within current practices of depression management, it is not the brain that is treated but risks, symptoms, and persons.

Details

Sociological Reflections on the Neurosciences
Type: Book
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/S1057-6290(2011)0000013010
ISBN: 978-1-84855-881-6

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