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Article
Publication date: 2 April 2021

Jun-Phil Uhm, Hyun-Woo Lee, Jin-Wook Han and Dong-Kyu Kim

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of background music on consumer's psychological and physiological responses when watching sports advertisements. We investigated…

1487

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of background music on consumer's psychological and physiological responses when watching sports advertisements. We investigated how consumers' exposure to background music affects emotional arousal, attention, brand attitude and purchase intentions; and further tested consumers' information processing by using the same measures. Effects of music on viewer responses were hypothesized using arousal theory while the information processing was hypothesized using hierarchy-of-effects model.

Design/methodology/approach

We employed a between-subjects experimental design with random assignment. Fifty-four participants were recruited with 27 in an experimental group and 27 in a control group. Quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) and self-report measures were used to assess information processing. A multivariate analysis of covariance was conducted to compare the mean differences of variables between the groups. Partial least squares algorithm and bootstrapping were performed to further explore the relationships among the measures.

Findings

Mean differences indicated that the background music exposed group's emotional arousal, attention, brand attitude and purchase intention were significantly higher than those of the non-exposure group. Path analysis showed that the level of arousal induced by watching sports advertisements affected attention, attention affected brand attitude and brand attitude affected purchase intention. Indirect paths from arousal to brand attitude and attention to purchase intention were significant.

Originality/value

This study provides practical implications for sports marketers regarding methods to increase the effectiveness of sport advertisement. Results might contribute theoretically to the sports advertisement field by demonstrating the relationship between physiological and marketing-effect factors. Our method of measuring physiological response using qEEG is also expected to influence physiological measurement in sports marketing.

Details

International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, vol. 23 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1464-6668

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 10 May 2021

Rishi Chakravarty and Nripendra Narayan Sarma

The hierarchies of effects models have been perpetually updated across different time period. Ever since the evolution of the primary customer path indicated through the…

6898

Abstract

Purpose

The hierarchies of effects models have been perpetually updated across different time period. Ever since the evolution of the primary customer path indicated through the Attention, Interest, Desire, Action model in the 1900s, the hierarchical frameworks have witnessed a significant transformation in context to the present age of Web connectivity. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to understand the transformation in the hierarchy of effects models in the age of connectivity.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper is conceptual in nature and an attempt to provide an overall view of the shifting dimension in the customer path as indicated in the various hierarchies of effects models since evolution up to the age of digitalisation.

Findings

It is observed that in the age of connectivity customer loyalty is expressed in terms of brand advocacy rather than repurchase, and that the customer path has been redefined. This seems pertinent because of the swift exchange of information that occurs among the online customer communities.

Originality/value

This paper identifies a need to provide a contemporary outlook to the customer path in the age of internet connectivity.

Details

Vilakshan - XIMB Journal of Management, vol. 19 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0973-1954

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 19 September 2012

Adam D. Galinsky, Eileen Y. Chou, Nir Halevy and Gerben A. Van Kleef

Purpose – This chapter provides a framework that captures the fundamental impacts of power at the individual, dyadic, small group, and organizational levels. Within each level, we…

Abstract

Purpose – This chapter provides a framework that captures the fundamental impacts of power at the individual, dyadic, small group, and organizational levels. Within each level, we trace the psychological, cognitive, and behavioral consequences of having or lacking power.

Approach – We integrate theoretical approaches from psychology, sociology, behavioral economics, and organizational theory to underscore the far-reaching effects that power has.

Findings – We review theoretical and empirical evidence that demonstrate that (a) power leads people to take action, increases their general sense of control, and shape the way they construe the world; (b) power anesthetizes people to other people's emotions and immunizes them from the pressures of conformity; and (c) power differences within groups may facilitate group functioning by creating order, reducing conflict, and facilitating coordination. In addition to providing a framework for existing research on power, we also provide three research directions in hope of generating fruitful future research.

Originality/value – Through a careful review of the literature, we demonstrate that power helps people know who does what, when, and how.

Details

Looking Back, Moving Forward: A Review of Group and Team-Based Research
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78190-030-7

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 8 January 2021

Danish Hussain, Arham Adnan and Maaz Hasan Khan

The study attempted to gauge the relative effectiveness of celebrity and product image match-up in comparison to non-celebrity attractive endorsers for two distinct high…

1189

Abstract

Purpose

The study attempted to gauge the relative effectiveness of celebrity and product image match-up in comparison to non-celebrity attractive endorsers for two distinct high involvement situations. Also, due to the expected demographic diversity among target consumers, the study aimed at assessing the impact of respondent's age and gender on the effectiveness of image match-up.

Design/methodology/approach

Building on the three-order hierarchy model, two experiments were conducted (utilising celebrity and non-celebrity endorsers) for two high involvement hierarchies, i.e. standard learning and dissonance/attribution. Through fictitious print advertisement, the experiments assessed the effectiveness of the match-up in terms of consumer attitudes towards advertisement and brand and intentions to purchase.

Findings

The match-up consistently and significantly outperformed non-celebrity attractive endorser in case of standard learning hierarchy. The same conclusion was not established for dissonance/attribution hierarchy due to the lack of significant results. The findings also suggest that the match-up subdues the impact of consumer's gender and age on consumer attitudes only in case of standard learning hierarchy.

Research limitations/implications

The study provides interesting theoretical implication by challenging a widely held postulation about the applicability of celebrity and product match-up under high involvement.

Practical implications

The research provides the practitioners with a better understanding of important issues, mainly, whether to use a celebrity endorser and selecting the right celebrity, especially if high involvement is expected.

Originality/value

Previous research concerning celebrity endorsements has largely considered consumer involvement as unitary, i.e. either high or low. However, the multifaceted aspect of consumer involvement is well established in the field of consumer psychology. The present research, therefore, is a pioneering attempt as it studies the effectiveness of match-up for two distinct high involvement situations. Moreover, unlike the majority of previous studies that have focused on the performance of “celebrity match” versus “celebrity mismatch”, the impact of match-up was studied in comparison to a non-celebrity attractive endorser.

Details

Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, vol. 13 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1757-4323

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 28 November 2023

Delin Meng, Yanxi Li and Lan Wang

Utilizing the expectation states theory in sociology, this study probes into the influence of the board's informal hierarchy on the quality of enterprise innovation, originating…

Abstract

Purpose

Utilizing the expectation states theory in sociology, this study probes into the influence of the board's informal hierarchy on the quality of enterprise innovation, originating from the perspective of internal directorial interactions, while analyzing the boundary effects exhibited by the nature of property rights and the intensity of geo-culture.

Design/methodology/approach

The study selects China's A-share listed companies from 2008 to 2021 as the research sample, employing the Tobit regression analysis method to scrutinize the hypotheses presented in the text.

Findings

The regression results demonstrate a positive correlation between the board's informal hierarchy and the enterprise innovation quality (EIQ). Upon introducing variables specific to property rights and geographical culture, the authors found that in comparison to non-state-owned enterprises (non-SOEs), the influence of the board's informal hierarchy on the quality of corporate innovation is diminished in SOEs. Conversely, the intensity of geo-culture across Chinese provinces enhances their mutual positive influence. In the additional analysis, the authors also found that the elevation of corporate risk tolerance is a significant pathway for the positive effect of the board's informal hierarchy on EIQ. Moreover, this positive influence is more profound in high-tech enterprises, businesses implementing equity incentive plans and companies that have subscribed to director and officer liability insurance.

Originality/value

The findings not only deepen the understanding of how the board's internal status characteristics influence corporate decision-making but also enrich the application scope of expectation states theory. Furthermore, this study offers valuable guidance for optimizing innovation decision-making by adjusting the personnel structures of corporate boards.

Details

Management Decision, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0025-1747

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 7 March 2016

Zhiqiang Liu, Liang Ge and Wanying Peng

The purpose of this paper was to examine the relationship between organizational tenure and employee innovative behavior and the influence of culture difference and status-related…

1568

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper was to examine the relationship between organizational tenure and employee innovative behavior and the influence of culture difference and status-related moderators (i.e. status hierarchy and status stability) on the linkage.

Design/methodology/approach

By using a meta-analysis method that included 76 empirical studies, this study examines the relationship of organizational tenure and innovative behavior. In this study, 79 samples (N = 21659) derived from 76 empirical studies that met the inclusion criteria in the meta-analysis.

Findings

The results show that organizational tenure has a weak positive effect on employee innovative behavior (r = 0.04), and status hierarchy, position tenure, culture difference and measurement ways influence the relationship between the two. In addition, a three-way interaction among status hierarchy, position tenure and organizational tenure is found to jointly affect innovative behavior; specifically, for those who are low in status hierarchy and short in position tenure, their organizational tenures are positively related to innovative behavior, but for those with a longer position tenure in organizations, their organizational tenure may relate to innovative behavior negatively, whatever their status hierarchies are (high or low). This study is helpful in providing theoretical foundation and practical skills to such issues regarding how to trigger innovative behavior efficiently at different career stages.

Research limitations/implications

Limitations include tenure range of participants and no longitudinal samples in our studies. Future research should examine more contextual factors which influenced the relationship between organizational tenure and innovative behavior.

Practical implications

The results of this study show that long organizational tenure is not negatively related to innovative behaviors. For managers, do not ignore the contribution of long-tenured employees to innovation. Through promotion or job rotation to increase employees’ job satisfaction and innovative willing.

Originality/value

To authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to examine status attribute class variables in the relationship between organizational tenure on innovative behavior. The study is helpful in providing theoretical foundation and practical skills to such issues regarding how to trigger innovative behavior at different career stages correctly.

Details

Nankai Business Review International, vol. 7 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2040-8749

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 July 1977

John S. Evans

A striking feature of Jaques' work is his “no nonsense” attitude to the “manager‐subordinate” relationship. His blunt account of the origins of this relationship seems at first…

1235

Abstract

A striking feature of Jaques' work is his “no nonsense” attitude to the “manager‐subordinate” relationship. His blunt account of the origins of this relationship seems at first sight to place him in the legalistic “principles of management” camp rather than in the ranks of the subtler “people centred” schools. We shall see before long how misleading such first impressions can be, for Jaques is not making simplistic assumptions about the human psyche. But he certainly sees no point in agonising over the mechanism of association which brings organisations and work‐groups into being when the facts of life are perfectly straightforward and there is no need to be squeamish about them.

Details

Management Decision, vol. 15 no. 7/8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0025-1747

Article
Publication date: 25 February 2014

V.S.R. Vijayakumar and R.N. Padma

Understanding of antecedence of organizational identification (OID) will help managements to improve the efficiency of organizations by enabling employees to perform their roles…

4253

Abstract

Purpose

Understanding of antecedence of organizational identification (OID) will help managements to improve the efficiency of organizations by enabling employees to perform their roles and responsibilities with total commitment. Many micro-level factors have been found to influence OID. The present study aims to examine the role of organizational culture (OC) which encompasses all micro-level factors and the moderating role of organizational learning (OL) which is a framework either to totally submit to or redefine the tenets of different cultural orientations adopted by organizations.

Design/methodology/approach

Four cultural types, namely clan, ad hocracy, hierarchy and market, were treated as independent variables; two learning styles, namely single loop (SLL) and double loop (DLL) learning styles, were included as moderator variables and four OID dimensions, namely positive identification, ambivalent identification, neutral identification and disidentification, were treated as dependent variables of a path analysis model. Three hundred and seventy-eight employees of ten private sector insurance companies located in south India were included as subjects and data on three questionnaires were collected. Best fitting path models one for each dependent variables, which had conceptual and practical relevance, were retained.

Findings

Adhocracy and hierarchy cultures show direct positive impact on positive identification and show direct negative impact on other three modes of identification. Clan culture shows a weak tendency towards positive identification and does not influence other three modes. Market culture shows no impact on positive identification but influences other modes. DLL and SLL learning both in isolation and in combination moderate the relationships to cultural orientations and various modes of OID.

Originality/value

This study highlights the importance of OC and OL in developing OID among the employees. The insights drawn from the findings can be used to build comprehensive model of OID.

Details

International Journal of Commerce and Management, vol. 24 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1056-9219

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 30 October 2009

Ahmet H. Kirca and G. Tomas M. Hult

The purpose of this paper is to gain an increased understanding of the moderating role of national culture on the impacts of intra‐organizational factors on market orientation.

5201

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to gain an increased understanding of the moderating role of national culture on the impacts of intra‐organizational factors on market orientation.

Design/methodology/approach

Using Schwartz's cultural value dimensions, the paper presents a set of propositions regarding the moderating effects of conservatism, intellectual autonomy, hierarchy, egalitarianism, and mastery dimensions of national cultural values on the relationships between market orientation and various intra‐organizational variables including interdepartmental connectedness, top management emphasis, interdepartmental conflict, centralization, formalization, and market‐based reward systems.

Findings

National cultural values can determine the importance of various antecedents to market orientation.

Originality/value

The conceptual framework presented in this paper contributes to the extant literature in market orientation by investigating the context dependent nature of the relationships involving market orientation and its antecedents in efforts to expand the theoretical knowledge base on the implementation of marketing concept in a global context.

Details

International Marketing Review, vol. 26 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0265-1335

Keywords

Abstract

Details

The Emerald Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78743-786-9

1 – 10 of over 44000