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The emergence of innovative internet-based reservation systems (iReservation systems) is threatening the sustainability of retail travel agencies (TAs) in Brunei Darussalam. With the friendliness and convenience offered by iReservation systems, many customers nowadays prefer to book their tickets and accommodations online. The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of iReservation systems on TAs in Brunei Darussalam. In other words, the authors are interested to find out how TAs and customers react to iReservation systems.

To fulfil this objective, surveys were conducted on both the responses from TAs and their customers regarding iReservation systems in Brunei Darussalam.

Most individual customers prefer to book their tickets and accommodations through iReservation systems. However, government and corporate customers still prefer to book tickets and accommodation by TAs. Most TAs are affected by iReservation systems either negatively or positively, depending on how TAs respond with their sustaining strategies such as segmentation, targeting and positioning in the market.

It is clear that without proper strategies in facing turbulent changes in the tourism industry, eventually traditional TAs will be disintermediated.

This study is aimed at assessing the information security management practice with a focus on banking card security in selected financial institutions in Ethiopia, using an international information security standard as a benchmark. It is to identify the gaps and recommend best security practices to help financial institutions meet the required security compliance.

Two financial sectors were purposively selected. A total of twenty-five respondents (IT executives and IT staff) were included in the study. Quantitative data was collected using the PCI-DSS (Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard) security standard questionnaire. In addition, observation and document analysis were made.

The result shows that most of the essential security management activities in the financial sectors do not comply with the international security standard. Similarly, the level of most of the indispensable security requirements that should be in place is found to be below the acceptable level. The study also revealed major security factors that prohibit the financial sectors from PCI-DSS security standard compliance.

This study assessed the information security management practice with a focus on banking card security and tried to figure out the limitations of security practices of the organizations surveyed based on the standard adopted. The topic has not been well explored especially in the Ethiopia context. Hence, the result can positively influence security policies, particularly in the banking sector.

This research primarily aims to find and analyse the interaction among success factors for improving the performance of Indonesia’s dairy milk supply chain. Further, this research aims to formulate the right policies for improving the performance of the chain based on the success factor that belongs to cause groups.

The paper analyses 10 success factors for improving the performance of the Indonesian dairy supply chain with the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method and analyses the Delphi method to formulate the right policies for improving performance.

There are four important influencing factors that directly impact the overall system, i.e. the number of dairy cattle import, national milk demand, the total number of dairy farmers and the number of dairy cattle ownership or herd size. Several alternative policies have been designed by several experts according to the influencing factors, i.e. the government assists in the procurement of imported cattle, provides financial assistance to farmers in the form of low-interest financing, improves the partnership system between farmers and dairy cooperatives, provides a reward system for the farmers and increases the level of formality of contract between the farmers and cooperatives.

Interrelationships of each success factor and the most important influencing success factors could not be generally determined because it depends on the point of view of the experts. Future research can apply the success factors proposed by this research to the different dairy milk supply chain. Then, this research used only nine experts for formulating alternative policies. Future research may repeat this method using multiple experts to justify the validity of the research. Moreover, this research only explored 21 success factors of the increase in the performance of the Indonesian dairy supply chain. Future research should consider not only the supply side and number of dairy cattle but also several success factors from the causal relationship diagram in the broader dairy milk supply chain.

This research provides essential insights for policymakers, as they have to understand and evaluate the success factors before formulating several alternative policies.

The research has revealed that the right alternative policies can be designed, as the causal factor has been known.

This research contributes to applying a combination of causal relationship diagram of System Dynamic and DEMATEL method as a qualitative and quantitative method in one integrated way through performance dairy supply chain analysis. As a result, this research draws a policy for the dairy supply chain referring to the success factor as a cause for the low performance of the Indonesian dairy supply chain.