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Article
Publication date: 6 August 2018

CEO board membership: implications for firm value

Michelle Li and Helen Roberts

This paper aims to examine the relation between CEO board membership and firm performance.

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the relation between CEO board membership and firm performance.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper investigates the relationship between firm performance and CEO board membership, applying two-stage least squares, propensity score matching and correcting for self-selection bias across a unique sample of publicly listed New Zealand firms that demonstrate a definitive variation in CEO board membership.

Findings

This study finds that CEO board membership has a positive impact on firm performance, and these benefits are greater for more complex firms.

Research limitations/implications

Firms with CEOs independent of the board are associated with lower firm performance. The results are consistent with CEO board members providing an important information transfer mechanism to the board, resulting in an increase in average firm performance. This benefit is greater for larger firms with more business segments.

Originality/value

The paper tests for the impact of CEO board membership using a data set that demonstrates a definitive variation in CEO board membership.

Details

Pacific Accounting Review, vol. 30 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/PAR-05-2017-0037
ISSN: 0114-0582

Keywords

  • Firm performance
  • Corporate governance
  • CEO board membership
  • G34
  • G38

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Article
Publication date: 5 February 2018

Does mandated independence improve firm performance? Evidence from New Zealand

Michelle Li and Helen Roberts

This paper aims to examine the relationship between board independence and firm performance for publicly listed New Zealand (NZ) firms over the period 2004-2016.

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the relationship between board independence and firm performance for publicly listed New Zealand (NZ) firms over the period 2004-2016.

Design/methodology/approach

To address endogeneity concerns, the relationship between firm performance and board independence is modelled using three different approaches: firm fixed-effect estimation, difference-in-difference estimation and two-stage least squares estimation, while controlling for firm and governance characteristics.

Findings

The main finding is that the mandated board independence introduced by the Best Practice Code does not improve operating or market performance for listed NZ firms.

Research limitations/implications

The fact that NZ firms choose greater board independence than required is puzzling. Research examining director characteristics and connectedness, not captured by the NZX Code, may be a fruitful area for future research when disclosure allows.

Practical implications

Regulators may need to review reasons for mandating changes in factors affecting firm governance before implementing further regulations concerning board structure.

Social implications

The findings cast doubt on the benefit of mandated board independence for NZ firms. The results imply that “good” governance practices proposed by regulators are not universal.

Originality/value

This paper tests the impact of mandated board independence following the adoption of the Best Practice Code in 2004 using methodologies that account for endogeneity using 13 years of data.

Details

Pacific Accounting Review, vol. 30 no. 1
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/PAR-01-2017-0004
ISSN: 0114-0582

Keywords

  • New Zealand
  • Firm performance
  • Independent directors

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Article
Publication date: 11 November 2019

The impact of family vs non-family governance contingencies on CSR reporting in Bangladesh

Pallab K. Biswas, Helen Roberts and Rosalind H. Whiting

Based on the socioemotional wealth (SEW) perspective and agency theory, the purpose of this paper is to examine how the introduction of the 2006 Corporate Governance (CG…

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Abstract

Purpose

Based on the socioemotional wealth (SEW) perspective and agency theory, the purpose of this paper is to examine how the introduction of the 2006 Corporate Governance (CG) Guidelines and family governance affected the level of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting of non-financial companies in Bangladesh.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors use multivariate regression to analyse 2,637 firm-level annual observations, from 1996 to 2011 annual reports of Bangladeshi publicly listed non-financial-sector companies, to investigate how firm-level CG quality affects CSR disclosure in family and non-family firms.

Findings

CG quality significantly increases the level of CSR disclosure and this relationship is stronger prior to the new CG Guidelines. Family firms’ CSR reporting levels are significantly lower than non-family firms’, and this effect is stronger after the change in the CG Guidelines. CEO duality, the presence of an audit committee and profitability improve family-firm CSR reporting in Bangladesh, while non-family CSR disclosures are positively associated with board size and firm competition. Board independence is not related to CSR disclosure.

Originality/value

The authors provide evidence of the benefit of the CG Guidelines’ introduction on company CSR disclosure in an emerging economy and the importance of specific governance mechanisms that differentiate family and non-family-firm CSR disclosures in Bangladesh using a SEW framework.

Details

Management Decision, vol. 57 no. 10
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-11-2017-1072
ISSN: 0025-1747

Keywords

  • Corporate governance
  • Bangladesh
  • Family firms
  • Corporate social responsibility
  • Socioemotional wealth

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 2006

What works for children? Reflections on building research and development in a children's charity

Helen Roberts

This article describes the background to the What Works initiative launched by Barnardo's in the early 1990s, with a focus on the What Works for Children series of reports…

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Abstract

This article describes the background to the What Works initiative launched by Barnardo's in the early 1990s, with a focus on the What Works for Children series of reports published from 1995 onwards. The author describes the intellectual and social context of the initiative, the approach taken, and some of the barriers to and levers for the adoption of research in practice are identified. The article describes more briefly the ways in which those in the Research and Development (R&D) team at Barnardo's worked towards knowledge transfer, both inside and outside the organisation. The article concludes with reflections on the impact of Barnardo's initiatives, the journey still to be travelled to strengthen the knowledge base of those providing services to children in education, health and social work, and the need for further work both to strengthen the evidence base and to increase synergies between research, policy and practice.

Details

Journal of Children's Services, vol. 1 no. 2
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/17466660200600014
ISSN: 1746-6660

Keywords

  • Barnardos
  • What Works
  • Evidence‐based policy and practice
  • Dissemination
  • Research utilisation
  • Knowledge transfer

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 2006

Valuing Employee Stock Options: Implications for the Implementation of NZ IFRS 2+

Glenn Boyle, Stefan Clyne and Helen Roberts

From 2007, New Zealand firms must report the cost of granting employee stock options (ESOs). Market‐based option pricing models assume that option holders are…

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Abstract

From 2007, New Zealand firms must report the cost of granting employee stock options (ESOs). Market‐based option pricing models assume that option holders are unconstrained in their portfolio choices and thus are indifferent to the specific risk of any firm. By contrast, ESO holders are frequently required to hold portfolios that are over‐exposed to the firm that employs them and so adopt exercise policies that reflect their individual risk preferences. Applying the model of Ingersoll (2006) to hypothetical ESOs, we show that ESO cost can be extremely sensitive to employee characteristics of risk aversion and under‐diversification. This result casts doubt on the usefulness of any market‐based model for pricing ESOs, since such models, by definition, produce option values that are independent of employee characteristics. By limiting employee discretion over the choice of exercise date, vesting restrictions help reduce the magnitude of this problem.

Details

Pacific Accounting Review, vol. 18 no. 1
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/01140580610732750
ISSN: 0114-0582

Keywords

  • New Zealand
  • Stock options
  • Modelling

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 2003

“How do you ge a PhD in that?!”: using feminist epistemologies to research the lives of working class women

Emma Casey

This article represents an attempt to uncover a suitable method of sociological enquiry, which can best understand and explore the experiences of the older, working class…

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Abstract

This article represents an attempt to uncover a suitable method of sociological enquiry, which can best understand and explore the experiences of the older, working class women of my research. Noting the historical, frustrating sense of absence of women in dominant knowledge claims (for example Beauvoir, 1997; Woolf, 1993; Rowbotham, 1973), the article seeks to complement post‐modern critiques of the autonomy of reason with feminist accounts of knowledge or “epistemologies”. The article documents the dislocation between my own epistemological assumptions and the women’s ways of knowing, and their attempts to defend themselves against my middle class interpretations of their working class lives. It offers a reflexive account of my own ethnographic research experiences, in order to help resolve some of the practical dilemmas faced by feminist researchers (Ribbens and Edwards, 1988). The article highlights some of the pains and pleasures of the feminist research experience.

Details

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 23 no. 1/2
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/01443330310790471
ISSN: 0144-333X

Keywords

  • Gender
  • Class
  • Feminist epistemologies
  • Interviewing
  • Experience
  • Knowledge claims

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Article
Publication date: 13 March 2008

A dark art comes to the water‐cooler: a review of some key texts on RCTs for children's services professionals and researchers

Tim Hobbs, Matthew Carr, Marc Holley, Nathan Gray and Nick Axford

The need for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to support evidence‐based services to improve outcomes for children is increasingly recognised by researchers and…

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Abstract

The need for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to support evidence‐based services to improve outcomes for children is increasingly recognised by researchers and policy‐makers. However, this brings a pressing requirement to build research capacity for conducting RCTs and to address the concerns of practitioners who may be suspicious about the method. This article reviews a variety of texts on the subject, ranging from analyses of the historical and political context of RCTs, to concise introductions of the key methodological and practical issues, to more in‐depth discussions of complex designs and statistics. The article seeks to help readers navigate these resources by focusing on seven questions that seem particularly salient for those considering whether and how to commission, undertake, participate in or use results from RCTs.

Details

Journal of Children's Services, vol. 3 no. 1
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/17466660200800005
ISSN: 1746-6660

Keywords

  • Evaluation
  • Randomisation
  • RCT
  • Social experiment
  • Children's services

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 2007

New directions, familiar challenges? A review of the first volume of the Journal of Children's Services

Michael Little and Nick Axford

This article reviews the first volume of the Journal of Children's Services. In doing so, it discusses broader directions and challenges in research, policy and practice…

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Abstract

This article reviews the first volume of the Journal of Children's Services. In doing so, it discusses broader directions and challenges in research, policy and practice. The article focuses on discussion about outcomes, the ‘idea’ of children's services and the impact of interventions on children's health and development. It welcomes reflections on different approaches to outcome measurement, analyses of the practicalities of implementing policy reforms and rigorous evaluations of the impact of Early Years, parenting and other programmes. At the same time, it suggests specific areas in which more work would be valuable, including: socio‐political commentary on policy developments; methods of and results from need analyses; empirical research on inter‐agency initiatives; how to improve the processes and structures that underpin good outcomes; transitions; and understanding ‘what works’ in research dissemination and utilisation. The value of international perspectives (including intra‐UK comparisons) is stressed. Forthcoming special editions on randomised controlled trials (RCTs) (2007) and anti‐social behaviour by young people (2008) will help to address other points raised.

Details

Journal of Children's Services, vol. 2 no. 1
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/17466660200700006
ISSN: 1746-6660

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Article
Publication date: 13 March 2008

Social work in the UK: a testing ground for trialists

Geraldine Macdonald

This article examines the history of social work research within the UK from a perspective of evidence‐based practice, as originally advocated in the 1990s. It reviews the…

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Abstract

This article examines the history of social work research within the UK from a perspective of evidence‐based practice, as originally advocated in the 1990s. It reviews the progress made to date in relation to the use of experimental studies in the field of children and families, and the reasons why this remains limited. It sets this in the broader context of evidence‐based practice and the education and training of qualifying and post‐qualifying social workers, including postgraduate training.

Details

Journal of Children's Services, vol. 3 no. 1
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/17466660200800004
ISSN: 1746-6660

Keywords

  • Social work
  • Evidence‐based practice
  • Randomised controlled trials
  • Postgraduate training

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Article
Publication date: 19 September 2008

Referees for 2008

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Details

Pacific Accounting Review, vol. 20 no. 3
Type: Research Article
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/par.2008.34220caa.002
ISSN: 0114-0582

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