Search results
1 – 10 of over 1000The purpose of this paper is to explore the socio‐demographic factors affecting food safety knowledge/practice and the effectiveness of food safety strategies of hawkers in an…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the socio‐demographic factors affecting food safety knowledge/practice and the effectiveness of food safety strategies of hawkers in an urban and less urban setting of Malaysia.
Design/methodology/approach
A total of 50 hawkers from Kuala Lumpur and Taiping were given a questionnaire and observed in their food safety practice (FSP). In‐depth interviews were performed on four hawkers from Kuala Lumpur and Taiping.
Practical implications
Of all hawker types, Muslim/Malay hawkers, hawkers with higher educational levels, hawkers in designated sites and hawkers in an urban setting scored the highest on food safety knowledge and/or practice. This study found inadequate distribution/impracticality of regulations/guidelines for hawkers, ambiguities with licensing procedures, weaknesses in training programmes and significant complaints of designated sites by hawkers.
Originality/value
Ethnicity, religion, education and type of premise are socio‐demographic factors that may affect food safety knowledge/practices of hawkers. An urban/less urban setting may also affect hawkers' food safety knowledge/practice. Ineffectiveness of food safety strategies of the Control Authority may exist and may vary across different regions of Malaysia. Thus, food safety strategies must be regulated/reinforced and adapted to hawkers' socio‐demographic status, to ensure the safety of hawker foods in Malaysia.
Details
Keywords
Sam Sarpong and Ibrahim B. Nabubie
The paper aims to focus on how the dualism “petty trading and traffic” exacerbates the development of a social bond among traders from various communities and ethnic groups in…
Abstract
Purpose
The paper aims to focus on how the dualism “petty trading and traffic” exacerbates the development of a social bond among traders from various communities and ethnic groups in Ghana. As understood in their normal innocuous sense, “traffic and petty trading” independently mark off two generally distinguishable exclusive partners. However, both petty trading and traffic now denote essential aspects of contemporary Ghana’s new social order shared uniquely among informal traders. The paper dilates on this phenomenon.
Design/methodology/approach
The theory underpinning this study is social constructionism. Social constructionism is part of a post-modern understanding of the nature of reality. It is a strand of sociology, pertaining to the ways in which social phenomena are created, institutionalised and made into tradition by humans. The core idea of constructionism, therefore, is that some social agent produces or controls some object. ’s (1967) situational constraints thesis also provides an important element to this paper. The thesis maintains that the poor in society are constrained by the facts of their situation; hence, the poor are unable to translate many of their ideals into reality in view of the considerable poverty that engulfs them. The thesis, reiterates that once the constraints of poverty are removed, the poor would have no difficulty adopting mainstream behavioural patterns and seizing available opportunities. The thesis is significant in exploring the objectives of this paper.
Findings
The paper finds that petty trading has given its adherents a new wave of life. The picture that emerges is that, although street hawkers are seen as a nuisance, a failure in society and lacking knowledge, they have become mindful of what society thinks about them. As a result, some have devised means to cope with what they do and also to find new ways to address the challenges facing them. The findings confirmed that people are self-reflexive beings and that they shape their own behaviour despite the influence of a variety of social factors that may constrain them. The study found that street hawkers have found a way to make life more meaningful for themselves than are actually perceived.
Originality/value
The paper seeks to discover the daily lives of petty traders, which have been stealthily tied in to urban development and planning. It brings a new dimension to the issue of petty trading. The fundamental argument of the paper is that the multidimensional nature of poverty is leading petty traders to a new consciousness which bodes well for them. These traders are shaping their own behaviour despite the influence of a variety of social factors that may constrain them. The social bond and interrelationship that permeate their working relationship has created a basis for which they now forge close ties that promote an inclusion from the exclusion that they are generally enjoined to.
Details
Keywords
Iqbal Hossain Moral, Md. Saidur Rahaman, Md. Shikh Imran and Md. Mizanur Rahman
Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic impacts the financial condition and the mental health of millions of workers from various informal sectors. This study aims to look into the hawkers…
Abstract
Purpose
Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic impacts the financial condition and the mental health of millions of workers from various informal sectors. This study aims to look into the hawkers’ community’s mental health and living conditions in Bangladesh during COVID-19.
Design/methodology/approach
The researchers have applied the purposive sampling technique to choose ten hawkers from Khulna city, a district in the southern region of Bangladesh. An in-depth interview was taken in the Bengali language in an unstructured manner and lasted 30–40 min per respondent.
Findings
The findings showed that the Hawkers’ income reduced, and specifically, during the pandemic, they had earned half of what they usually made before. Besides, they could not open their stores because law enforcement agencies imposed restrictions on opening business centres during the lockdown except for some emergency necessities shops. This restriction led the hawkers to stop selling their products because there was a high chance of spreading the virus through the products they sold. Due to income reduction, they had to eat cheap food, which caused their health problems. Consequently, this community mentally got depressed.
Practical implications
Policymakers in Bangladesh might think about enacting more effective measures to provide some extrinsic and intrinsic support in improving the mental health of the hawkers’ community.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study on the mental of the hawkers’ community during COVID-19.
Details
Keywords
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the economics of supplying energy needs for illumination requirements by hawkers using alternatives like compact fluorescent lamps…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the economics of supplying energy needs for illumination requirements by hawkers using alternatives like compact fluorescent lamps battery lamps, liquefied petroleum gas mantle lamps or supply from mini‐grids supported by local diesel generators. Further, the prevailing business models like the lamp rental and the mini‐grid models, which epitomise informal electricity markets, are also analysed.
Design/methodology/approach
Three localities in Kanpur city are identified and data on techno‐economic characteristics of illumination options used by hawkers are collected. To compare the available options with varying capital life‐span, equivalent annual cost approach is utilized. This is used to calculate the levelised cost of 1 kiloWalthour energy used for providing illumination.
Findings
The daily user cost of illumination ranges from Rs 6.1 to 17 (for four hours) across the four existing models studied in the paper. This translates to Rs 31.3 to 312.5 per kWh of electricity use. The technology choice by hawkers is influenced by lack of initial capital and inconvenience associated with cheaper options than overall economics of the alternative option is found.
Practical implications
The paper highlights the absence of financial and institutional intervention that can help significantly reduce the cost of electricity access by such users and also help adoption of greener options like solar lanterns or solar battery bank charging stations. A practical solution may include a greater role of micro‐finance institutions. Greater awareness and capacity building needs of local entrepreneurs as well as of end‐users also need attention.
Originality/value
This is perhaps one of the few attempts to unravel the informal electricity markets in India and help identify issues that need attention so as to address needs of millions of consumers at the margin of the electricity grid in the country.
Details
Keywords
The purpose of this paper is to examine aspects of the contemporary relevance of the Michelin Guide as efforts are made to extend its reach in Asia. The focus is on recent…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine aspects of the contemporary relevance of the Michelin Guide as efforts are made to extend its reach in Asia. The focus is on recent endeavours by the producers of the restaurant guide to represent local conditions by acknowledging the importance of street food and hawkers.
Design/methodology/approach
The methodology is that of a case study based on analysis of published material about the inaugural Singapore Michelin Guide and its consequences.
Findings
The Michelin Guide confronts challenges in retaining its authority and establishing itself in new Asian locations. The Singapore edition indicates attempts at responsiveness to distinctive circumstances through the recognition of street food and hawkers, but questions can be raised about the appropriateness of their inclusion and rating.
Research limitations/implications
Despite the absence of primary data, important topics about food and dining landscapes and modes of restaurant reviewing and grading are explored. A research agenda for the future is also proposed.
Practical implications
Attention is given to the impacts of the guide for individual enterprises, suggesting positive and negative outcomes of endorsement.
Social implications
Findings enhance understanding of the place of food and dining within societies and the influence of restaurant guides.
Originality/value
The paper offers an Asian perspective on and fresh insights into the role of local food cultures as well as the meanings and functions of the Michelin Guide.
Details
Keywords
Olufunmilayo I. Fawole, Ademola J. Ajuwon, Kayode O. Osungbade and Olufemi C. Faweya
A total of 345 young female hawkers (YFH) from six motor‐parks in south‐western Nigeria were interviewed to determine the nature and extent of violent acts against them …
Abstract
A total of 345 young female hawkers (YFH) from six motor‐parks in south‐western Nigeria were interviewed to determine the nature and extent of violent acts against them – particularly sexual harassment, economic violence, forced marriage and involuntary withdrawal from school. Beatings or batterings and being sexually abused in childhood were reported. The most common perpetrators of the abuse were drivers or bus conductors and neighbours and these acts mostly occurred in the motor‐parks and at home. About a quarter had experienced attempted rape, while about one in 20 had actually been raped. The rapists were spouses and boyfriends. Most of the victims did not seek care or redress. Concludes that violence is a major problem affecting YFH and recommends education programmes for men on both physical and sexual violence, and on culturally‐promoted, psychological and economic violence. YFH need to be empowered educationally and economically to enable them to resist violence.
THE design concept of the Harrier (H.S.A. Type Number P.1127) arose over a few months in the summer and autumn of 1957 in studies by the Project Office at Hawker Aircraft Ltd.…
Abstract
THE design concept of the Harrier (H.S.A. Type Number P.1127) arose over a few months in the summer and autumn of 1957 in studies by the Project Office at Hawker Aircraft Ltd., Kingston‐upon‐Thames. These studies were aimed at evolving a lightweight V/S.T.O.L. (Vertical and Short Take Off and Landing) strike reconnaissance aircraft round the Bristol Aero Engines Ltd. BE.53 engine.
Diagram and description of Hawker Siddeley 748 short/medium range turboprop transport
THE Deutsche Luftfahrtschau, or as it is more generally known, the Hanover Air Show, held every two years by the Bundesverband der Deutschen Luft‐ und Raumfahrtindustrie e.V…
Abstract
THE Deutsche Luftfahrtschau, or as it is more generally known, the Hanover Air Show, held every two years by the Bundesverband der Deutschen Luft‐ und Raumfahrtindustrie e.V. (Federal Association of the German Air and Spacecraft Industries). This year's Show will be held from April 26 to May 5 at the Hanover Langenhagen Airport and will be held at the same time as the famous Hanover Fair.
E.C. Whittingham and Gisbert D.S. Garrett
THAT spar repairs were indeed needed, and not only for repairing damage caused by bullets, shells and “flak”, is evidenced by the fact that on one occasion a Hurricane had the…
Abstract
THAT spar repairs were indeed needed, and not only for repairing damage caused by bullets, shells and “flak”, is evidenced by the fact that on one occasion a Hurricane had the bottom boom of the front spar severed when it flew into a balloon cable. Fortunately, the cable broke and the pilot succeeded in flying the aero‐plane back to his station. The wing was satisfactorily repaired at Hawker's Homewood works; some idea of the extent of the damage will be gained from FIG. 11.