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Article
Publication date: 1 February 2008

S.A. Shama, M.M. El-Molla, Riad F. Basalah and S. El-Sayed Saeed

Disappearing ink was prepared using different concentrations of thymolphthalein, phenolphthalein and their mixture, applying to different types of handwriting surfaces such as…

Abstract

Disappearing ink was prepared using different concentrations of thymolphthalein, phenolphthalein and their mixture, applying to different types of handwriting surfaces such as cotton, polyester and polyamide. The effects of thymolphthalein, phenolphthalein and alkali concentrations (i.e. pH) on the fading time were studied. The handwriting stability increased when the concentration of thymolphthalein or phenolphthalein was increased. At a high concentration of alkali with phenolphthalein and its mixture with thymolphthalein, the handwriting stability decreased with polyester or polyamide handwriting surfaces and the stability increased in the case of cotton. When the faded handwriting surfaces were subject to the thermal effect in a thermostatically controlled oven at 100°C for 10 minutes by hanging them with suitable hooks, there was no change in the faded handwriting. When they were at 150°C for 20 minutes, the faded phenolphthalein ink, which contained 0.5ml of 1N NaOH, was visible and shown red on the polyester and polyamide handwriting surfaces, but there was no change on the faded cotton handwriting surface.

Details

Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, vol. 12 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1560-6074

Keywords

Open Access
Article
Publication date: 19 March 2018

Therese McNamee and Sandra Patton

This study aims to investigate teacher perspectives on teaching handwriting to children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) and collaboration with occupational therapists.

5291

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to investigate teacher perspectives on teaching handwriting to children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) and collaboration with occupational therapists.

Design/methodology/approach

A descriptive design was applied. Purpose-designed surveys were distributed to teachers of children with ASD (aged 4-12 years) in the Republic of Ireland. A response rate of 35 per cent (N = 75) was obtained, with 25 responses analysed using descriptive statistics of closed questions and content analysis of open-ended questions.

Findings

Of 139 children with ASD, 80 (58 per cent) were reported to have difficulties with handwriting. Teachers reported specific difficulties with pencil grasp, letter formation and task concept among the children with ASD. Fourteen (56 per cent, N = 25) respondents did not give handwriting as homework. Teachers valued occupational therapy advice, individualised programmes and ongoing consultation during implementation. Interest in occupational therapy education regarding handwriting was reported.

Practical implications

Occupational therapy collaboration to address handwriting difficulties for children with ASD should include involvement in teacher education, coordination of teacher–parent collaboration and the need for involvement in early intervention provision within an emergent literacy framework.

Originality/value

Handwriting development is challenging for children with ASD. There is limited information on teaching or teacher–occupational therapy collaborative practices to address handwriting difficulties of children with ASD.

Details

Irish Journal of Occupational Therapy, vol. 46 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2398-8819

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 12 January 2018

Xingyao Ren, Lan Xia and Jiangang Du

The effect of different formats of message delivery has received little theoretical and empirical examination. This research focuses on the effect of written relational…

1592

Abstract

Purpose

The effect of different formats of message delivery has received little theoretical and empirical examination. This research focuses on the effect of written relational communication formats used by service providers. This study aims to answer three questions: Do different formats of written communications (i.e. handwriting and print) influence customer perceptions (i.e. feelings of warmth) of service firms? What are the mediators of these influences (i.e. perceived effort and psychological closeness)? And under what conditions do they occur (i.e. what is the contextual factor)?

Design/methodology/approach

One field study and three laboratory studies were conducted to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of format in written communication.

Findings

Handwritten messages are more effective than print messages in building relationships in a service context because they elicit stronger feelings of warmth because of both the perception of greater effort and feelings of greater psychological closeness to the service provider. However, the presence of handwriting fails to deliver feelings of warmth when the quality of core services is low.

Practical implications

Service providers can effectively use handwritten communication to signal effort and create psychological closeness for relationship building with their key customers only when the quality of core services meets customer expectations.

Originality/value

First, the research differentiates the formats of written relational communication (handwritten vs print), and links communication formats with feelings of warmth, which is an important factor for impression and relationship formation in the practice of services marketing. Second, based on cognitive-experiential self-theory, this research demonstrates the dual mediators underlying the effect of handwriting (vs print) on warmth: perceived effort and psychological closeness. Third, it identifies the quality of core service as a boundary condition for the effect of handwritten communication.

Details

Journal of Services Marketing, vol. 32 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0887-6045

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 October 1994

Stephen King

Sketches the historical interest in and development of graphology fromits arcane origins and status to its rehabilitation in modern academicenvironments. Illustrates some of the…

903

Abstract

Sketches the historical interest in and development of graphology from its arcane origins and status to its rehabilitation in modern academic environments. Illustrates some of the many applications of the technique to organizational processes, like recruitment and selection and other personnel practices.

Details

Management Development Review, vol. 7 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0962-2519

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 19 February 2024

Luca Vascelli

This paper aims to serve as a commentary on the paper titled “Implementation of an Adapted Handwriting Without Tears® Programme for Children with Developmental Disabilities in a…

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to serve as a commentary on the paper titled “Implementation of an Adapted Handwriting Without Tears® Programme for Children with Developmental Disabilities in a Special Education Setting.”

Design/methodology/approach

It provides an overview of educational strategies that can be used in school settings to support professionals in acquiring skills relevant to their practice and promoting the acquisition of new abilities for their students.

Findings

It explores three critical aspects of education: measuring academic progress, using evidence-based methods and enhancing educator training.

Originality/value

This work represents the personal perspective of a professional working in the service delivery field for children with developmental disabilities in schools and rehabilitative centres.

Details

Tizard Learning Disability Review, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1359-5474

Keywords

Book part
Publication date: 2 January 2013

Linda H. Mason

Writing, as a critical academic skill, is receiving national attention – joining the ranks of reading, mathematics, and science. The focus on increased writing performance…

Abstract

Writing, as a critical academic skill, is receiving national attention – joining the ranks of reading, mathematics, and science. The focus on increased writing performance standards for all students has implications for students with learning disabilities (LD), as these students are most likely to struggle with basic writing skills, and with expressing their ideas and demonstrating knowledge through written expression. Fortunately, research-based practices have been established for teaching students with LD across writing dimensions. In this chapter, instructional approaches for writing instruction, and current and future trends for addressing standards, are described.

Details

Learning Disabilities: Practice Concerns And Students With LD
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78190-428-2

Article
Publication date: 1 January 1995

M.G. Hall

This paper aims to give the Investigator of Fraud an appreciation of the sorts of assistance that the Forensic Document Examiner can offer him. It gives an indication as to the…

Abstract

This paper aims to give the Investigator of Fraud an appreciation of the sorts of assistance that the Forensic Document Examiner can offer him. It gives an indication as to the material needed from the investigator if the examiner is to provide the maximum help. It contains some information about the possibilities of dating documents.

Details

Journal of Financial Crime, vol. 2 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1359-0790

Article
Publication date: 12 June 2007

N.L. Clarke and A.R. Mekala

The popularity of mobile devices and the evolving nature of the services and information they can delivery make them increasingly desirable targets for misuse. The ability to…

1744

Abstract

Purpose

The popularity of mobile devices and the evolving nature of the services and information they can delivery make them increasingly desirable targets for misuse. The ability to provide effective authentication of the user becomes imperative if protection against misuse of personally and financially sensitive information is to be provided. This paper discusses the application of biometrics to a mobile device in a transparent and continuous fashion and the subsequent advantages and disadvantages that are in contention with various biometric techniques.

Design/methodology/approach

An investigation was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of utilising signature recognition, to verify users based upon written words and not signatures, thereby enabling transparent handwriting verification. Participants were required to write a number of common words, such as “hello” “sorry” and “thank you”. The ability to correctly verify against their own template and to reject impostors was then established.

Findings

Totally, 20 users participated in the study and an average FAR and FRR of 0 and 1.2 per cent, respectively, were experienced across eight common words.

Research limitations/implications

The initial study has proven very successful, however, further investigations need to be established with a larger population of users and a wider vocabulary of words.

Originality/value

This study has verified the feasibility of applying an existing signature recognition technique to transparent handwriting verification.

Details

Information Management & Computer Security, vol. 15 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0968-5227

Keywords

Article
Publication date: 1 November 1974

Edgar Baker CBE

If you mention the word graphology to people, they often look slightly puzzled and think it's something to do with reading tea‐leaves in a teacup, or perhaps with astrology or…

Abstract

If you mention the word graphology to people, they often look slightly puzzled and think it's something to do with reading tea‐leaves in a teacup, or perhaps with astrology or palmistry. If, however, you declare a serious interest in the subject, you notice a certain recoil from someone who is evidently a nut case ana accordingly best avoided.

Details

Education + Training, vol. 16 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0040-0912

Abstract

Purpose

An overview of the current use of handwritten text recognition (HTR) on archival manuscript material, as provided by the EU H2020 funded Transkribus platform. It explains HTR, demonstrates Transkribus, gives examples of use cases, highlights the affect HTR may have on scholarship, and evidences this turning point of the advanced use of digitised heritage content. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper adopts a case study approach, using the development and delivery of the one openly available HTR platform for manuscript material.

Findings

Transkribus has demonstrated that HTR is now a useable technology that can be employed in conjunction with mass digitisation to generate accurate transcripts of archival material. Use cases are demonstrated, and a cooperative model is suggested as a way to ensure sustainability and scaling of the platform. However, funding and resourcing issues are identified.

Research limitations/implications

The paper presents results from projects: further user studies could be undertaken involving interviews, surveys, etc.

Practical implications

Only HTR provided via Transkribus is covered: however, this is the only publicly available platform for HTR on individual collections of historical documents at time of writing and it represents the current state-of-the-art in this field.

Social implications

The increased access to information contained within historical texts has the potential to be transformational for both institutions and individuals.

Originality/value

This is the first published overview of how HTR is used by a wide archival studies community, reporting and showcasing current application of handwriting technology in the cultural heritage sector.

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