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Much has been written about the importance of external integration for the integrity of food products. To achieve food integrity, all actors along the supply chain have to be fully integrated and comply with an assurance system or process. The more complex the supply chain operations are, the greater will be the need for integration. This research paper investigates the impact of external integration on compliance with halal standards, as an example of product integrity within the food industry.

A survey of 1,000 food manufacturers was conducted. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was used to test the effect of external integration on compliance with halal standards.

The results showed that there were links between halal assurance system and external integration. Nevertheless, it was discovered that only customer integration mediated the relationship between the halal assurance system and product quality and production cost.

The practical implications of the findings extend to managers in the food industry who might pursue supply chain integration as a structure to achieve excellence. The findings suggested that the deployment of a halal assurance system has a positive effect on operational performance. Furthermore, the results show that managers who wish to implement the halal assurance system should carefully invest in an external integration strategy, depending upon the operational performance improvement intended.

This research is one of the first studies to investigate the effects of external integration on halal food in general and is the first empirical investigation of the effect of safeguarding halal integrity on operational performance.

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new framework to optimise the design of halal food supply chains, called the “Halal Supply Chain Model”. In this research the main logistics business processes are defined, which are the determinants for the halal supply chain performance.

Next to an extensive literature review, a large discussion group and various focus group sessions conducted in Malaysia, The Netherlands and China have been used to identify halal control activities and assurance activities in logistics business processes, with a focus on transportation, warehousing and terminal operations.

The findings show that product characteristics (bulk versus unitised, ambient versus cool chain) and market requirements (Muslim or non‐Muslim country) determine the supply chain vulnerability to halal contamination, for which halal control activities and assurance activities are put in place to reduce supply chain vulnerability. More empirical research is needed to further refine the Halal Supply Chain Model for different product–market combinations. Second, qualitative research is recommended for halal cosmetics and pharmaceutical supply chains.

This study shows that halal supply chain management is different from conventional supply chain management, which requires a halal policy and specific design parameters for supply chain objectives, logistics control, supply chain network structure, supply chain business processes, supply chain resources and supply chain performance metrics.

The Halal Supply Chain Model can be an important instrument to design and manage halal food supply chains in extending halal integrity from source to point of consumer purchase. As there is an evident lack of academic research in the field of halal supply chain management, it provides an important reference for halal logistics and supply chain management. The large discussion group and focus group sessions resulted in the publication of the International Halal Logistics Standard (IHIAS 0100:2010) by IHI Alliance in 2010.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between technology and efficiency and effectiveness in the performance of family business halal supply chains.

Methodology used in this research is a quantitative method. The research's type is explanatory research with multivariate data analysis methods using partial least square (PLS). Samples used in this research are 100 family halal food businesses in Indonesia.

The result shows that there is a positive and significant relationship between each technology and effectiveness. Technology can be used to ensure that all supply chain processes follow Sharia procedures effectively in the family halal food business, but on other hand the technology does not show a positive effect on family halal food business efficiency.

Further research can be done by applying the model provided in this study for other industries. And investigating the model in a big company to prove the technology may also show a positive relationship to the efficiency.

The contribution of this research is that the family halal food business can guarantee that technology they use can improve the effectiveness of their supply chain.

The improvement of halal supply chain effectiveness through the technology can improve the product's quality and fulfill the customers' requirements. Also, the family business can assure the society about their halal product.

This research proves that the family business can improve their halal supply chain effectiveness through technology, although lowering their efficiency, which is empirically proven.

Halal supply chain management (HSCM) is an emerging research area and is in the early stage of evolution. This study aims to identify 11 critical factors towards effective management of a Halal supply chain (HSC) and provides a framework for the HSCM by evaluating Halal practices' impact on sustainability performance measures empirically.

A structured questionnaire-based survey has been carried out to collect data for analysis. The statistical analysis is accomplished by exploiting merits of factor analysis and structural equation modelling (SEM).

The results imply that out of 11 critical factors, nine factors on effective management of the HSC are statistically significant, and impacts of two critical factors are positive but statistically insignificant. In the structural model, the path coefficient of all success indicators are positive and statistically significant. In terms of the path coefficient of sustainable performance measures of HSC, all three dimensions, economic, environmental and social, are positive and statistically significant.

The research extends Halal and supply chain management's literature by proposing Halal as a standard quality control system, as it focuses on wholesome consumption. Effective management of the HSC is positively related to the firms' sustainable performance, thus helping managers make the organisation sustainable in the long term.

The research extends the literature of Halal and supply chain management by proposing Halal as a standard quality control system, which focuses on wholesome consumption. Effective management of the HSC is positively related to the sustainable performance of the firms, thus helps managers in making the organisation sustainable in the long term.

The result of the study underlines that sustainable performance measures are embedded in HSCM. This research develops a new paradigm in the research of HSCM and sustainability.

This paper argues that there is an absence of halal integrity within the conventional stages of a food chain. This paper adapts the understanding of the different stages and argues the need to develop a critical consciousness for halal integrity within the food chain to address the needs of the ever-growing Muslim consumers’ market. The purpose of this paper is to propose a definition of halal integrity using farm to fork and global food supply chain models.

The study includes a review of priori literature and media reports regarding cross-contamination of food products with haram (forbidden) components. This background will be used to conceptualise halal integrity using farm to fork and global supply chain models.

Different interpretations of halal – what is permitted and what is prohibited – exist for the different schools of Islamic legal thought and within the customs of different countries. In order to ensure that food production is embracive of the religious needs of the global Muslim customer market, this paper utilises the farm to fork and global supply chain models to foster a critical awareness of halal needs. Halal integrity should be clearly presenting the details of the halal status of the product and assuring that the requirements for halal as stated are met. Halal integrity not only deals with permitted and prohibited foods, but that the halal status of the food products (i.e. from raw materials until it reaches the consumers) should not be breached (i.e. no cross-contamination with haram products/methods and no ill intents). A formal definition of halal integrity has been proposed.

The SWOT analyses serve as a guideline as the analysis done may be outdated as the environments are constantly changing.

This research although academic is meant to have a real value in improving the integrity of the halal food supply chain, providing value to the food industry, to countries that are concerned about this supply chain and to Muslim consumers. Halal integrity is crucial to the success of the emerging halal market.

There is limited knowledge of the sustainable halal food supply management in Brunei Darussalam (Brunei), although it is reputable in the halal economy and advocates the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Therefore, this paper highlights issues faced in a small, rentier halal market and proposes sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) initiatives for halal-certified food companies in Brunei.

This paper draws data from published academic research and employs a normative and narrative assessment of SSCM and halal supply chain literature.

Four normative SSCM initiatives and propositions that could be implemented by Brunei halal-certified food businesses in achieving the SDGs are highlighted: responsible sourcing, environmental purchasing, sustainable packaging and green transportation.

This viewpoint paper provides a basis for achieving the “Brunei Vision 2035” through a sustainable supply chain lens that may increase well-being and develop a productive and sustainable economy. It also lays a foundation for realising the SDGs, specifically Goal 12 of Sustainable Consumption and Production.

The dedicated attention to smaller halal markets, such as Brunei, would enrich the literature, reveal unforeseen issues or address gaps in the domains of SSCM and halal food supply chains.

This study aims to identify the risks, the risk agents, and the mitigation steps and then propose a halal supply chain risk management framework for frozen food halal industries, especially for the milkfish brain product.

Following the quantitative research design, semi-interviews with the owner of the milkfish brain company and data were analyzed using the supply chain operations reference model and the House of Risk method. The development of halal supply chain risk management framework involves several phases. First, to map the supply chain activities. Next is identifying the risk and risk agent. Then measurements of mitigations are based on the company’s resources that have a profound effect on risks such as employee activity, machinery and work environment.

The findings in this study are the prioritized mitigations for the frozen food companies, especially the milkfish brain products, are training of good manufacturing practice, making and applying halal standard operating procedure, the creation of clean-up watch schedules, halal use of raw materials and additional materials, and additional purses and facility.

This study may further use various perspectives in supply chains such as suppliers, distributors, agents and consumers.

The risks, risk agents, and mitigation steps are used to develop a general framework for halal supply chain risk management which can be used by all frozen food companies, especially for milkfish brain products.

This study is one of few studies about halal supply chain risk management for frozen food industries. The study contributes to the effort of halal supply chain risk management by proposing general framework for milkfish brain halal supply chain risk management. The risks, risk agents and mitigation efforts are established based on impact and intensity that affect risk occurrence.

This study aims to investigate the relationship between blockchain technology adoption and firm competitiveness through Halal supply chain performance as a mediating variable.

This paper has used the explanatory approach and multivariate data analysis using partial least squares with structural equation modelling. The data were collected from 178 Indonesian manufacturing firms producing Halal-certified foods and beverages.

The findings reveal that adopting blockchain technology positively and significantly affects Halal supply chain performance and firm competitiveness. The total indirect effect shows that the availability of blockchain technology indirectly affects the firm’s competitiveness through Halal supply chain performance.

This study has provided a novel theoretical framework showing that adopting blockchain technology can improve the Halal supply chain performance and the firm’s competitiveness. The transparency and integrity features of blockchain technology have strengthened the consumers’ confidence in the reliability of the Halal-certified food and beverage products.

This paper aims to study research performance in halal supply chains. This study identifies the leading scholars, research themes and leading journals.

This study adopts the bibliometric method. A total of 228 research publications indexed by Scopus were analysed. The export data are then processed and analysed using the R Biblioshiny application program to find out the bibliometric map of the halal supply chain.

Research in halal supply chain has experienced fast growth since 2016, dominated by food-centric research by Malaysian universities. Research gaps are topics: halal procurement, halal clusters and halal value chain; industry: non-food; and countries: beyond Malaysia. Future expected halal supply chain trending research areas are: halal blockchains, halal supply chain management, halal performance, halal risk management and sustainability in halal supply chains.

This research paper adopts a bibliometric method based on English publications on the halal supply chain theme from the Scopus database collected on November 1, 2021. Publications in local languages, as well as publications in non-academic journals, are being ignored in this research.

This study shows that halal supply chain management is an emerging requirement, is complex to manage for brand owners and needs new concepts and tools for halal industries to embrace a halal supply chain and value chain approach.

This study provides an objective evaluation of the research progress in halal supply chains; this study highlights the achievements and the research gaps and discusses the contribution to the scientific community.

The aim of this study is to discover the critical success factors (CSFs) for the Halal supply chain management because this area is gaining recognition. Plus, the aim is to use the CSFs for future research.

The study is based on the application of CSFs on the Halal supply chain. A comprehensive literature review is undertaken to discover the CSFs of conventional supply chain and to apply it to the Halal supply chain.

Government support, transportation planning, information technology, human resource management, collaborative relationship, Halal certification and Halal traceability are the CSFs for the Halal supply chain.

This study only discusses the CSFs related to the Halal supply chain and ignoring other forms of Halal businesses. This study only concerns on English literatures and omit other languages. The study lacks empirical evidence and future research should be done to test the CSFs relevancy.

This study addresses stakeholders of the Halal supply chain CSFs, which have not been fully understand and appreciated.

CSFs concept has never been attempted on the Halal supply chain. Therefore, this study appraises the concept of CSFs and adds value to the knowledge on the Halal supply chain.