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Ministry of Health, Whitehall, S.W. 1. 12th June, 1924. SIR, I am directed by the Minister of Health to state that on consideration of communications received through the Foreign Office from the Government of the Latvian Republic, he has decided to recognise as an Official Certificate for the purposes of the Public Health (Foreign Meat) Regulations a label and mark issued by the Government of that country. He has accordingly caused to be published in the London Gazette of the 30th May, 1924, a Notice containing in the schedule a description of the label and mark which is declared to be admissible as an “Official Certificate” in respect of pork and other edible portions of the pig, which have been subjected to inspection in the Latvian Republic.

Discusses aspects of the decay of buildings due to neglect through the restraints of financial stringencies. Examines factors in the spiral of decay and neglect, including problems caused by maintenance, occupancy, malicious damage, roof drainage, pigeons and plants, plumbing, moisture reservoirs and poor ventilation. Outlines processes of timber preservation, highlighting attention to moisture sources and ventilation, and discusses management techniques in maintenance projects. Concludes that the existing stock of buildings in the UK should be conserved not for cultural or historic reasons, but because they represent a major national asset.

International trade is a long-standing issue for the development of any country. In the traditional theory of trade exports or trade pattern arises because of supply side differences between countries such as technological or factor endowment differences. Such theories predict inter-industry trade but not intra-industry trade (IIT). But in contrary, the simultaneous export and import of products of the same sector was led after the industrialization of developed countries from the 1960s onwards, which was described as “IIT” by [Balassa, B. (1986). Oxford Economic Papers, 38, 220–233]. In this study, India's bilateral IIT with major Asian trading partners was analyzed and the trends in IIT level for horizontal and vertical IIT were observed separately, along with gravity model for the year 2009–2018. This study examined the geographic component in knowledge flows, which could be found at the international level and whether or not an exchange of knowledge is related to foreign trade, particularly IIT. To measure the IIT level for investigating trade patterns between India and member countries of major Asian trading partners, IIT index will be used, known as Grubel-Lloyd index.

Attention was called in the March number of this Journal to the promotion of a Bill for the reconstitution of the Local Government Board, and the opinion was expressed that the renovated Department should contain among its staff “experts of the first rank in all the branches of science from which the knowledge essential for efficient administration can be drawn.”

In recent years there has been a substantial increase in the number of mergers and takeovers in the UK referred by the Office of Fair Trading to the Monopolies and Mergers Commission for investigation and report. This reflects an ongoing concern of the UK competition authorities with the maintenance and promotion of competitive markets. Surveys UK merger policy alongside a concurrent development – the introduction in 1990 of a new supranational Merger Regulation by the European Community. Outlines the regulatory frameworks operating in the UK and EC and highlights particular points of interest in the application of policy control by reference to selected merger cases.

Previous articles have demonstrated the extent to which financial institutions have come to own a growing proportion of ordinary shares in industrial and commercial companies. In the present article we examine the implications of this development for two areas of particular concern: corporate control and corporate financing.

This chapter estimates heterogeneous productivity growth and spatial spillovers through industrial linkages in the United States and China from 1981 to 2010. The authors employ a spatial Durbin stochastic frontier model and estimates with a spatial weight matrix based on inter-country input–output linkages to describe the spatial interdependencies in technology. The authors estimate productivity growth and spillovers at the industry level using the World KLEMS database. The spillovers of factor inputs and productivity growth are decomposed into domestic and international effects. Most of the spillover effects are found to be significant and the spillovers of productivity growth offered and received provide detailed information reflecting interdependence of the industries in the global value chain (GVC). The authors use this model to evaluate the impact of a US–Sino decoupling of trade links based on simulations of four scenarios of the reductions in bilateral intermediate trade. Their estimation results and their simulations are as mentioned based on date that ends in 2010, as this is the only KLEMS data available for these countries at this level of industrial disaggregation. As the GVC linkages between the United States and China have expanded since the end of their sample period their results can be viewed as informative in their own right for this period as well as possible lower bounds on the extent of the spillovers generated by an expanding GVC.

NOWADAYS IT is common for students at all levels in Metallurgy from craft to degree standard to view films at some stage in their training. Since there is apparently no shortage of films dealing with metallurgical topics, the teacher is frequently faced with choosing between several films of apparently the same content. Because of the quantity of material the following notes have been drawn up in an attempt to assist the would‐be film user by suggesting a list of useful films.

The paper takes up the challenge offered in the call for papers for this special issue to explore the notion of public relations as “ethical guardian”. The approach taken is to review some influential academic perspectives as well as practitioner perspectives that emerged throughout the 20th century. It is argued that the ethics and social responsibility have long been an intrinsic part of public relations self‐identity. The paper identifies a number of problems for the public relations occupation that arise from its historical legacy and considers the implications for professional status.